Intellectual Ventures (IV) filed three separate suits against AT&T, CenturyLink, and Windstream alleging that the defendants’ DSL products, equipment, and services infringe 19 patents related to DSL technology and services. Since December 2010, IV has filed a total of 12 prior suits against a number of companies in the software security, DRAM and Flash memory, and FPGA industries, including a previous suit in February 2012 against AT&T Mobility, Nextel, Sprint Spectrum, and T-Mobile. In September 2012, IV announced that it had reached its first settlement agreements with Hynix and Elpida Memory after a lawsuit that accused the defendants’ DRAM and NAND flash memory products of infringing several patent assets. More than half of the patents-in-suit originated with Aware and were assigned to IV in January 2013. The remaining patents-in-suit originated with Bell Atlantic and were assigned to IV in February 2012. RPX reviewed the ’548, ’182, ’695, and ’636 patents (Verizon DSL-Acq) on the open market in April 2011. 2/8, Western District of Texas, 1:13cv00116; 1:13cv00118; 1:13cv00119.