I/P Engine, a subsidiary of Vringo, filed suit against Microsoft alleging that Microsoft’s search advertising systems such as Bing Ads, infringe two patents related to filtering search results and providing feedback information with content relevancy scores (6,314,420 and 6,775,664). Vringo completed its merger with Innovate/Protect, the parent corporation of I/P Engine in July 2012.  In September 2011 I/P Engine filed a patent infringement suit involving the same two patents against AOL, Google, Gannett Company, IAC, and Target. I/P Engine received a jury verdict in November 2012 that awarded approximately $30 million from all five defendants and established a running royalty rate of 3.5%. The patents-in-suit originated from Vringo CTO’s prior work for Lycos.  I/P Engine subsequently acquired the patents-in-suit from Lycos in June 2011.  Vringo is a publicly-traded patent licensing company that has acquired more than 500 patents related to cellular infrastructure, including communication management, data and signal transmission, mobility management, radio resources management and services from Nokia in August 2012. 1/31, Southern District of New York, Judge John G. Koeltl, 1:2013cv00688.