Knowledge representation systems and methods incorporating inference rules
First Claim
1. A method of modifying a computer-readable elemental data structure of a knowledge representation system, the method comprising:
- applying, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, one or more rules of analysis to deconstruct a knowledge representation into one or more elemental components;
adding, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, data associated with the one or more elemental components to an elemental data structure, the elemental data structure storing data representing concepts and concept relationships;
inferring, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, candidate data associated with the elemental data structure,wherein the inferring comprises detecting language in reference data,wherein the language corresponds to a predetermined linguistic pattern expressing a relationship between at least a first concept and a second concept in natural language;
modifying the elemental data structure to combine the candidate data and the data associated with the one or more elemental components,wherein the modifying comprises adding, to the elemental data structure, the first concept, the second concept, and/or the relationship between the first and second concepts expressed by the linguistic pattern detected in the reference data, wherein the reference data is obtained from a source other than the knowledge representationwherein the detected linguistic pattern expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept;
wherein detecting the language corresponding to the predetermined linguistic pattern comprises detecting in the reference data a first label associated with the first concept, followed by a subsumptive expression, followed by a second label associated with the second concept, wherein the linguistic pattern including the subsumptive expression expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept;
wherein the subsumptive expression comprises at least one of one or more predetermined words or one or more predetermined symbols;
wherein detecting the predetermined linguistic pattern in the reference data comprises detecting in the reference data the first label associated with the first concept and the second label associated with the second concept, wherein a proximity of the first label to the second label is within a threshold proximity;
wherein the one or more elemental components are encoded as one or more computer-readable data structures storing data associated with the one or more elemental components, andwherein the reference data is encoded as one or more computer-readable data structures storing data associated with reference communication.
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Abstract
Techniques for analyzing and synthesizing complex knowledge representations (KRs) may utilize an atomic knowledge representation model including both an elemental data structure and knowledge processing rules stored as machine-readable data and/or programming instructions. One or more of the knowledge processing rules may be applied to analyze an input complex KR to deconstruct its complex concepts and/or concept relationships to elemental concepts and/or concept relationships to be included in the elemental data structure. One or more of the knowledge processing rules may be applied to synthesize an output complex KR from the stored elemental data structure in accordance with context information. Methods of populating an elemental data structure and methods of synthesizing complex KRs from the elemental data structure may rely on linguistic inference rules and/or elemental inference rules.
262 Citations
15 Claims
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1. A method of modifying a computer-readable elemental data structure of a knowledge representation system, the method comprising:
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applying, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, one or more rules of analysis to deconstruct a knowledge representation into one or more elemental components; adding, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, data associated with the one or more elemental components to an elemental data structure, the elemental data structure storing data representing concepts and concept relationships; inferring, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, candidate data associated with the elemental data structure, wherein the inferring comprises detecting language in reference data, wherein the language corresponds to a predetermined linguistic pattern expressing a relationship between at least a first concept and a second concept in natural language; modifying the elemental data structure to combine the candidate data and the data associated with the one or more elemental components, wherein the modifying comprises adding, to the elemental data structure, the first concept, the second concept, and/or the relationship between the first and second concepts expressed by the linguistic pattern detected in the reference data, wherein the reference data is obtained from a source other than the knowledge representation wherein the detected linguistic pattern expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept; wherein detecting the language corresponding to the predetermined linguistic pattern comprises detecting in the reference data a first label associated with the first concept, followed by a subsumptive expression, followed by a second label associated with the second concept, wherein the linguistic pattern including the subsumptive expression expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept; wherein the subsumptive expression comprises at least one of one or more predetermined words or one or more predetermined symbols; wherein detecting the predetermined linguistic pattern in the reference data comprises detecting in the reference data the first label associated with the first concept and the second label associated with the second concept, wherein a proximity of the first label to the second label is within a threshold proximity; wherein the one or more elemental components are encoded as one or more computer-readable data structures storing data associated with the one or more elemental components, and wherein the reference data is encoded as one or more computer-readable data structures storing data associated with reference communication. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of modifying a computer-readable elemental data structure of a knowledge representation system, the method comprising:
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applying, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, one or more rules of analysis to deconstruct a knowledge representation into one or more elemental components; adding, using at least one processor executing stored program instructions, data associated with the one or more elemental components to an elemental data structure, the elemental data structure storing data representing concepts and concept relationships; inferring, using at least one processor executing stored instructions, a candidate probability that an elemental concept relationship exists between a first concept and a second concept in the elemental data structure, wherein the inferring comprises applying one or more elemental inference rules to the elemental data structure to compute a probability less than 100% that the elemental concept relationship exists, wherein the one or more elemental inference rules are applied to the elemental data structure in response to obtaining data indicating that a first label associated with the first concept and a second label associated with the second concept appear in reference data, wherein a proximity of the first label to the second label is within a threshold proximity; and modifying the elemental data structure to combine the candidate probability and the data associated with the one or more elemental components, wherein the modifying comprises adding to the elemental data structure data representing the computed probability in association with the elemental concept relationship; wherein the elemental concept relationship indicates that the second concept subsumes the first concept; wherein applying the one or more elemental inference rules to the elemental data structure comprises; identifying the first concept in the elemental data structure, the first concept being defined by one or more first characteristic concepts; identifying the second concept in the elemental data structure, the second concept being defined by one or more second characteristic concepts; and calculating, as the candidate probability, a probability that each characteristic concept in the one or more second characteristic concepts is in the one or more first characteristic concepts or subsumes a characteristic concept in the one or more first characteristic concepts; wherein the one or more elemental components are encoded as one or more computer-readable data structures storing data associated with the one or more elemental components. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A knowledge representation apparatus for modifying a computer-readable elemental data structure, the apparatus comprising:
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one or more processors; and a memory unit configured to store instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method comprising; applying one or more rules of analysis to deconstruct a knowledge representation into one or more elemental components, adding data associated with the one or more elemental components to an elemental data structure, the elemental data structure storing data representing concepts and concept relationships, inferring candidate data associated with the elemental data structure, wherein the inferring comprises detecting language in reference data, wherein the language corresponds to a predetermined linguistic pattern expressing a relationship between at least a first concept and a second concept in natural language; modifying the elemental data structure to combine the candidate data and the data associated with the one or more elemental components, wherein the modifying comprises adding, to the elemental data structure, the first concept, the second concept, and/or the relationship between the first and second concepts expressed by the linguistic pattern detected in the reference data, wherein the reference data is obtained from a source other than the knowledge representation; wherein the detected linguistic pattern expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept; wherein detecting the language corresponding to the predetermined linguistic pattern comprises detecting in the reference data a first label associated with the first concept, followed by a subsumptive expression, followed by a second label associated with the second concept, wherein the linguistic pattern including the subsumptive expression expresses in natural language that the second concept subsumes the first concept, wherein detecting the predetermined linguistic pattern in the reference data comprises detecting in the reference data the first label associated with the first concept and the second label associated with the second concept, wherein a proximity of the first label to the second label is within a threshold proximity; wherein the subsumptive expression comprises at least one of one or more predetermined words or one or more predetermined symbols.
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Specification