Multiple transmission windows for OFDM symbol

• US 10,002,995 B2
• Filed: 09/09/2014
• Issued: 06/19/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2013
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Marvell Asia Pte Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Original Assignee: Marvell World Trade Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Inventors: Iranzo Molinero, Salvador
• Primary Examiner(s): Rutkowski, Jeffrey M
• Assistant Examiner(s): RANDHAWA, MANDISH K
• Application Number:
  US14/481,649
• Publication Number:
  US 20150071050A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,379 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/0753 the devices being arranged next to each other
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2933/0033 relating to semiconductor body packages
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2933/0058 relating to optical field-shaping elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/10 with a light reflecting structure, e.g. semiconductor Bragg reflector
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/60 Reflective elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03828 Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties partial response systems H04L25/497
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2602 Signal structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2614 Peak power aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2626 Arrangements specific to the transmitter only

Abstract

A plurality of information bits are mapped to: (i) a first plurality of constellation symbols corresponding to a first plurality of OFDM subcarriers in an OFDM symbol, and (ii) a second plurality of constellation symbols corresponding to a second plurality of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol. A first time-domain signal is generated by performing an IDFT based on the first plurality of constellation symbols. A second time-domain signal is generated by performing an IDFT based on the second plurality of constellation symbols. The first time-domain signal is modified by applying a first windowing function corresponding to a first transition width β1. The second time-domain signal by applying a second windowing function having a second transition width β2. An output signal is generated to include a sum of the first time-domain signal and the second time-domain signal, the output signal corresponding to the OFDM symbol.

Claims

1. A method of generating an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol for transmission in a communication channel containing one or more notches of forbidden frequencies, the method comprising:

receiving a plurality of information bits;

mapping the plurality of information bits to a plurality of constellation symbols corresponding to a plurality of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, the plurality of constellation symbols including;

(i) a first set of constellation symbols corresponding to a first set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the first set of OFDM subcarriers includes i) one or more OFDM subcarriers in the one or more notches, and ii) one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches where the one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches include at least some of the plurality of information bits, and

(ii) a second set of constellation symbols corresponding to a second set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the second set of OFDM subcarriers are further in frequency from the one or more notches than the first set of OFDM subcarriers;

generating a first time-domain signal by performing an Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) based on the first set of constellation symbols;

generating a second time-domain signal by performing an IDFT based on the second set of constellation symbols;

modifying the first time-domain signal by applying a first windowing function corresponding to a first window transition width β

1;

modifying the second time-domain signal by applying a second windowing function having a second window transition width β

2, wherein the first window transition width β

1 is different than the second window transition width β

2 such that β

1≠

β

2;

setting the first window transition width β

1 to be longer than a guard interval width N_GI such that β

1>

N_GI;

setting the second window transition width β

2 to be shorter than the guard interval width N_GI such that β

2<

N_GI; and

generating an output signal to include a sum of the first time-domain signal and the second time-domain signal, the output signal corresponding to the OFDM symbol.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

modifying the first time-domain signal to include a first cyclic prefix having a first width N1_CP;

modifying the second time-domain signal to include a second cyclic prefix having a width N2_CP; and

setting the first window width β

1, the second window width β

2, first width N1_CP, and the second width N2_CP where the first and second time-domain signals each have a common OFDM symbol duration.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

generating a first plurality of OFDM symbols according to initial values of β

1, N1CP, β

2, N2_CP;

after generating the first plurality of OFDM symbols, changing one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP; and

after changing one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP, generating a second plurality of OFDM symbols according to one or more changed values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein changing one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP is performed as part of an optimization procedure to, at least one of;

maximize data throughput to be greater than a predetermined throughput value;

minimize power spectral density in the notch to be less than a predetermined spectral density value;

minimize inter-symbol interference (ISI) to be lower than a predetermined amount; and

/or

minimize errors due to channel delay-spread.

5. An apparatus, comprising:

one or more integrated circuit devices configured to;

receive a plurality of information bits,

map the plurality of information bits to a plurality of constellation symbols corresponding to a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarriers in an OFDM symbol for transmission in a communication channel containing one or more notches of forbidden frequencies, the plurality of constellation symbols including;

(i) a first set of constellation symbols corresponding to a first set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the first set of OFDM subcarriers includes i) one or more OFDM subcarriers in the one or more notches, and ii) one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches where the one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches include at least some of the plurality of information bits, and

(ii) a second set of constellation symbols corresponding to a second set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the second set of OFDM subcarriers are further in frequency from the one or more notches than the first set of OFDM subcarriers,

generate a first time-domain signal by performing an Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) based on the first set of constellation symbols,

generate a second time-domain signal by performing an IDFT based on the second set of constellation symbols,

modify the first time-domain signal by applying a first windowing function corresponding to a first window transition width β

1,

modify the second time-domain signal by applying a second windowing function having a second window transition width β

2, wherein the first window transition width β

1 is different than the second window transition width β

2 such that β

1≠

β

2,

set the first window transition width β

1 to be longer than a guard interval width N_GI such that β

1>

N_GI,

set the second window transition width β

2 to be shorter than the guard interval width N_GI such that β

2<

N_GI, and

generate an output signal to include a sum of the first time-domain signal and the second time-domain signal, the output signal corresponding to the OFDM symbol.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more integrated circuit devices are configured to:

modify the first time-domain signal to include a first cyclic prefix having a first width N1_CP;

modify the second time-domain signal to include a second cyclic prefix having a width N2_CP; and

set the first window width β

1, the second window width β

2, first width N1_CP, and the second width N2_CP where the first and second time-domain signals each have a common symbol duration.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the one or more integrated circuit devices are configured to:

generate a first plurality of OFDM symbols according to initial values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP;

after generating the first plurality of OFDM symbols, change one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP; and

after changing one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP, generate a second plurality of OFDM symbols according to one or more changed values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the one or more integrated circuit devices are configured to change one or more of the values of β

1, N1_CP, β

2, N2_CP as part of an optimization procedure to, at least one of;

maximize data throughput to be greater than a predetermined throughput value;

minimize power spectral density in the notch to be less than a predetermined spectral density value;

minimize inter-symbol interference (ISI) to be lower than a predetermined amount; and

/or

minimize errors due to channel delay-spread.

9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the one or more integrated circuit devices implement:

a symbol mapping module configured to map information bits in the plurality of information bits to constellation symbols,

a first serial-to-parallel module coupled to the symbol mapping module, the first serial-to-parallel module outputting the first plurality of constellation symbols, and

a second serial-to-parallel module coupled to the symbol mapping module, the second serial-to-parallel module outputting the second plurality of constellation symbols.

10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the one or more integrated circuit devices implement:

a first inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) module configured to operate on the first plurality of constellation symbols,

a first parallel-to-serial module coupled to the first IDFT module, the first parallel-to-serial module outputting the first time-domain signal,

a second IDFT module configured to operate on the second plurality of constellation symbols, and

a second parallel-to-serial module coupled to the second IDFT module, the second parallel-to-serial module outputting the second time-domain signal.

11. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a digital-to-analog convert to convert the output signal to an analog signal.

12. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method of generating an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol for transmission in a communication channel containing one or more notches of forbidden frequencies, the method comprising:

receiving a plurality of information bits;

mapping the plurality of information bits to a plurality of constellation symbols corresponding to a plurality of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, the plurality of constellation symbols including;

(i) a first set of constellation symbols corresponding to a first set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the first set of OFDM subcarriers includes i) one or more OFDM subcarriers in the one or more notches, and ii) one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches where the one or more OFDM subcarriers adjacent to the one or more notches include at least some of the plurality of information bits, and

(ii) a second set of constellation symbols corresponding to a second set of OFDM subcarriers in the OFDM symbol, wherein the second set of OFDM subcarriers are further in frequency from the one or more notches than the first set of OFDM subcarriers;

generating a first time-domain signal by performing an Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) based on the first set of constellation symbols;

generating a second time-domain signal by performing the IDFT based on the second set of constellation symbols;

modifying the first time-domain signal by applying a first windowing function corresponding to a first transition having a first window transition width β

1;

modifying the second time-domain signal by applying a second windowing function corresponding to a second transition having a second window transition width β

2, wherein the first window transition width β

1 is different than the second window transition width β

2 such that β

1≠

β

2;

setting the first window transition width β

1 to be longer than a guard interval width N_GI such that β

1>

N_GI;

setting the second window transition width β

2 to be shorter than the guard interval width N_GI such that β

2<

N_GI; and

adding the first time-domain signal and the second time-domain signal to generate an output signal corresponding to the OFDM symbol.