In vivo sensors having ceria nanoparticle electrodes
First Claim
1. An electrode assembly for an in vivo electrochemical sensor, the electrode assembly comprising:
- a first electrode comprising an analyte responsive enzyme; and
a second electrode in electrical communication with the first electrode, the second electrode comprising a substrate and a ceria nanoparticle composition applied upon the substrate, the ceria nanoparticle composition having a total mass of ceria nanoparticles per cm2 of substrate area in a range of 0.1 mg/cm2 to 100 mg/cm2.
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Abstract
Ceria nanoparticle compositions for use as electrode materials for in vivo electrochemical analyte sensors (e.g., glucose sensors) are provided, for example to form a cathode or a reference electrode. The ceria nanoparticle compositions may be combined with a conductive material (e.g., mixed with) to form the cathode or the reference electrode, or the ceria nanoparticle compositions may be deposited over conductive material to form the cathode or the reference electrode. Electrochemical in vivo sensors for monitoring the concentration of an analyte having a reference electrode and/or a cathode that includes a ceria nanoparticle composition, and methods for monitoring an analyte concentration using the electrochemical sensors are also described. Methods of making in vivo electrochemical analyte sensors having a reference electrode and/or a cathode that includes a ceria nanoparticle composition are also provided.
93 Citations
25 Claims
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1. An electrode assembly for an in vivo electrochemical sensor, the electrode assembly comprising:
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a first electrode comprising an analyte responsive enzyme; and a second electrode in electrical communication with the first electrode, the second electrode comprising a substrate and a ceria nanoparticle composition applied upon the substrate, the ceria nanoparticle composition having a total mass of ceria nanoparticles per cm2 of substrate area in a range of 0.1 mg/cm2 to 100 mg/cm2. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification