Passive wireless sensors for rotary machines

• US 10,005,551 B2
• Filed: 07/06/2015
• Issued: 06/26/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Lee, Yongjae, Iannotti, Joseph Alfred
• Primary Examiner(s): O'Hara, Brian M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dixon, Keith L
• Application Number:
  US14/792,336
• Publication Number:
  US 20170008623A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,086 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/32 Rotors
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 2045/0085 Devices for aircraft health monitoring, e.g. monitoring flutter or vibration
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 45/00 Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for camouflage F41H3/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 1/003 of rotating machines G01H1/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/28 Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/77 for interrogation
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/47 using RFID associated with sensors
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/88 Providing power supply at the sub-station
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/00 Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom

Abstract

A rotary machine includes a rotatable shaft and a retaining ring coupled to, and at least partially extending about, the rotatable shaft. The rotatable shaft defines a longitudinal axis. The rotatable shaft and the retaining ring define an annular cavity. The rotatable shaft and the retaining ring each include a radially outer surface. The rotary machine also includes a monitoring system including a stationary reader-antenna positioned proximate the retaining ring and a radio frequency (RF) coupler. The RF coupler includes at least one flexible antenna band coupled to, and extending over, the radially outer surface of the retaining ring. The flexible antenna band is configured to establish RF coupling with the stationary reader-antenna. A sensor die is coupled to the flexible antenna band. The sensor die extends into the substantially annular cavity and the sensor die is also coupled to the radially outer surface of the rotatable shaft.

Claims

1. A monitoring system for a rotary machine, the rotary machine including a rotatable shaft and a retaining ring coupled to, and at least partially extending about the rotatable shaft, the rotatable shaft defining a longitudinal axis extending therethrough, the rotatable shaft and the retaining ring defining a substantially annular cavity therebetween, the rotatable shaft including a radially outer surface, the retaining ring including a radially outer surface, said monitoring system comprising:

a stationary reader-antenna positioned proximate the retaining ring;

a radio frequency (RF) coupler comprising;

at least one flexible antenna band coupled to, and extending over, the radially outer surface of the retaining ring, said at least one flexible antenna band configured to establish RF coupling with said stationary reader-antenna; and

at least one sensor die coupled to said at least one flexible antenna band, said at least one sensor die at least partially extending into the substantially annular cavity, said at least one sensor die also coupled to the radially outer surface of the rotatable shaft;

wherein said at least one flexible antenna band comprising;

a first arm coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in a clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, said first arm comprising;

a first portion of a flexible laminate; and

a first flexible voltage-inducing conductor substantially embedded within said first portion of said flexible laminate, said first flexible voltage-inducing conductor coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in the clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis; and

a second arm coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, said second arm comprising;

a second portion of said flexible laminate; and

a second flexible voltage-inducing conductor substantially embedded within said second portion of said flexible laminate, said second flexible voltage-inducing conductor coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

2. The monitoring system in accordance with claim 1, the radially outer surface of the retaining ring having a circumference thereon, wherein said first arm when fully extended along the outer surface of the retaining ring and said second arm when fully extended along the outer surface of the retaining ring define one of:

a gap between said first arm said second arm;

a substantially complete extension about the circumference; and

said first arm at least partially overlaps said second arm, thereby facilitating a self-capacitive effect.

3. The monitoring system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said retaining ring includes a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end opposite the first longitudinal end, wherein said at least one flexible antenna band comprises two flexible antenna bands comprising a first flexible antenna band proximate the first longitudinal end and a second flexible antenna band proximate the second longitudinal end.

4. The monitoring system in accordance with claim 3, wherein said first flexible antenna band comprises a first sensor die, and said second flexible antenna band comprises a second sensor die circumferentially positioned approximately 180°

from said first sensor die within the substantially annular cavity.

5. The monitoring system in accordance with claim 1 further comprising one of a heat shrink material, a bimetallic ring, and a fiber glass thread wrapping coupled to and extending over at least a portion of said at least one flexible antenna band and the radially outer surface of the retaining ring.

6. The monitoring system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said at least one sensor die is coupled to the radially outer surface of the rotatable shaft through an adhesive.

7. A rotary machine comprising:

a rotatable shaft comprising a radially outer surface;

a retaining ring coupled to, and at least partially extending about, said rotatable shaft, said rotatable shaft defining a longitudinal axis extending therethrough, said rotatable shaft and said retaining ring defining a substantially annular cavity therebetween, said retaining ring including a radially outer surface; and

a monitoring system comprising;

a stationary reader-antenna positioned proximate said retaining ring;

a radio frequency (RF) coupler comprising;

at least one flexible antenna band coupled to, and extending over, said radially outer surface of said retaining ring, said at least one flexible antenna band configured to establish RF coupling with said stationary reader-antenna; and

at least one sensor die coupled to said at least one flexible antenna band, said at least one sensor die at least partially extending into said substantially annular cavity, said at least one sensor die also coupled to said radially outer surface of said rotatable shaft; and

wherein said retaining ring includes a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end opposite said first longitudinal end, wherein said at least one flexible antenna band comprises two flexible antenna bands comprising a first flexible antenna band proximate said first longitudinal end and a second flexible antenna band proximate said second longitudinal end.

8. The rotary machine in accordance with claim 7, said at least one flexible antenna band comprising:

a first arm coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in a clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, said first arm comprising;

a first portion of a flexible laminate; and

a first flexible voltage-inducing conductor substantially embedded within said first portion of said flexible laminate, said first flexible voltage-inducing conductor coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in the clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis; and

a second arm coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, said second arm comprising;

a second portion of said flexible laminate; and

a second flexible voltage-inducing conductor substantially embedded within said second portion of said flexible laminate, said second flexible voltage-inducing conductor coupled to and extending from said at least one sensor die in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

9. The rotary machine in accordance with claim 8, the radially outer surface of said retaining ring having a circumference thereon, wherein said first arm when fully extended along the outer surface of said retaining ring and said second arm when fully extended along the outer surface of said retaining ring define one of:

a gap between said first arm said second arm;

a substantially complete extension about the circumference; and

said first arm at least partially overlaps said second arm, thereby facilitating a self-capacitive effect.

10. The rotary machine in accordance with claim 7, wherein said first flexible antenna band comprises a first sensor die, and said second flexible antenna band comprises a second sensor die circumferentially positioned approximately 180°

from said first sensor die within said substantially annular cavity.

11. The rotary machine in accordance with claim 7 further comprising one of a heat shrink material, a bimetallic ring, and a fiber glass thread wrapping coupled to and extending over at least a portion of said at least one flexible antenna band and the radially outer surface of said retaining ring.

12. The rotary machine in accordance with claim 7, wherein said at least one sensor die is coupled to said radially outer surface of said rotatable shaft through an adhesive.