Fluid circuit for delivery of renal replacement therapies
First Claim
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1. A flow loop for hemodialysis, comprising:
- a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water wherein the controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodialysis system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject;
said controlled compliant flow path having a pump for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the flow path and a solution regeneration system removing specific dissolved solutes from the dialysate;
a first bypass conduit recirculating dialysate having at least one control valve positioned upstream of the solution regeneration system that can be operated to selectively convey solution that has not passed through the solution regeneration system to a point upstream of the control valve without the solution first passing through a dialyzer; and
a second bypass conduit having at least one pump;
the second bypass conduit having an inlet positioned downstream of the solution regeneration system and upstream of the dialyzer; and
an outlet positioned downstream of the dialyzer and upstream of the solution regeneration system;
the second bypass conduit comprising a buffer source or a sodium source.
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Abstract
A flow loop for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and hemofiltration for the treatment of pathological conditions such as End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) that has a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water. The controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodialysis system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject. The controlled compliant flow path has a means for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the flow path.
419 Citations
79 Claims
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1. A flow loop for hemodialysis, comprising:
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a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water wherein the controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodialysis system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject; said controlled compliant flow path having a pump for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the flow path and a solution regeneration system removing specific dissolved solutes from the dialysate; a first bypass conduit recirculating dialysate having at least one control valve positioned upstream of the solution regeneration system that can be operated to selectively convey solution that has not passed through the solution regeneration system to a point upstream of the control valve without the solution first passing through a dialyzer; and a second bypass conduit having at least one pump;
the second bypass conduit having an inlet positioned downstream of the solution regeneration system and upstream of the dialyzer; and
an outlet positioned downstream of the dialyzer and upstream of the solution regeneration system;
the second bypass conduit comprising a buffer source or a sodium source. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 19, 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 70, 71, 76, 77, 78, 79)
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6. A flow loop for hemodiafiltration, comprising:
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a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodiafiltration therapy session from water wherein the flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodiafiltration system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject; said controlled compliant flow path having a pump for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the controlled compliant path and a solution regeneration system removing specific dissolved solutes from the dialysate; a first bypass conduit recirculating dialysate having at least one control valve positioned upstream of the solution regeneration system that can be operated to selectively convey solution that has not passed through the solution regeneration system to a point upstream of the control valve without the solution first passing through a hemofilter; and a second bypass conduit having at least one pump;
the second bypass conduit having an inlet positioned downstream of the solution regeneration system and upstream of the hemofilter; and
an outlet positioned downstream of the hemofilter and upstream of the solution regeneration system;
the second bypass conduit comprising a buffer source or a sodium source. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 21, 22, 72, 73)
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12. A flow loop for hemofiltration, comprising:
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a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemofiltration therapy session from water wherein the controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemofiltration system, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject; said controlled compliant flow path having a pump for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the controlled compliant flow path and a solution regeneration system removing specific dissolved solutes from the dialysate; a first bypass conduit recirculating dialysate having at least one control valve positioned upstream of the solution regeneration system that can be operated to selectively convey solution that has not passed through the solution regeneration system to a point upstream of the control valve without the solution first passing through a hemofilter; and a second bypass conduit having at least one pump;
the second bypass conduit having an inlet positioned downstream of the solution regeneration system and upstream of the dialyzer; and
an outlet positioned downstream of the dialyzer and upstream of the solution regeneration system;
the second bypass conduit comprising a buffer source or a sodium source. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 23, 24, 74, 75)
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35. A method for preparing a fluid for conducting a hemodialysis, hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration treatment, comprising the steps of:
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providing a source of water to a system, wherein the system comprises a controlled compliant flow path for any one or more of;
(a) preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water;
(b) preparing fluids required for a hemodiafiltration therapy session from water;
or (c) preparing fluids required for a hemofiltration therapy session from water;wherein the system has a solution conduit flow path, an extracorporeal conduit flow path and a conditioning conduit flow path;
wherein the extracorporeal conduit flow path is in fluid communication with the solution conduit flow path through a semi-permeable membrane and the solution conduit flow path is in fluid communication with the conditioning conduit flow path; and
wherein the solution conduit flow path is a controlled compliant flow path having a pump for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the controlled compliant flow path;
a solution regeneration system removing specific dissolved solutes from a fluid in the controlled compliant flow path;
a first bypass conduit recirculating dialysate having at least one control valve positioned upstream of the solution regeneration system that can be operated to selectively convey solution that has not passed through the solution regeneration system to a point upstream of the control valve without the solution first passing through a dialyzer or hemofilter; and
a second bypass conduit having at least one pump;
the second bypass conduit having an inlet positioned downstream of the solution regeneration system and upstream of the dialyzer or hemofilter; and
an outlet positioned downstream of the dialyzer or hemofilter and upstream of the solution regeneration system;
the second bypass conduit comprising a buffer source or a sodium source and;configuring the system to bypass the extracorporeal conduit flow path, the system having a third bypass conduit flow path for conveyance of fluid through a first segment of the solution conduit flow path without contacting the semi-permeable membrane; conveying water from the source through a reduced cross-sectional area conduit to separate a first portion of a dissolved gas from the water; conveying water from the source through the conditioning conduit flow path; reconstituting an electrolyte source to generate a physiologically compatible fluid; conveying the physiologically compatible fluid through the first segment of the solution conduit flow path; wherein the physiologically compatible fluid is any one of a priming fluid, a flushing fluid for a dialyzer and/or an extracorporeal flow path, dialysate, replacement fluid, a reserve for bolus infusion, or blood rinse back. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69)
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Specification