Apparatus for discharging a high-voltage bus

• US 10,020,755 B2
• Filed: 03/03/2016
• Issued: 07/10/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Namou, Andrew J., Anwar, Mohammad N., Albanna, Ahmad, Kadry, Syed M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Santana, Eduardo Colon
• Assistant Examiner(s): JOSEPH, DEVON A
• Application Number:
  US15/059,971
• Publication Number:
  US 20170257039A1
• Time in Patent Office: 859 Days
• Field of Search: 318504
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/322 Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/537 using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53875 with analogue control of three-phase output
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/06 using dc to ac converters or inverters H02P27/05 takes precedence

Abstract

A power inverter includes a multi-phase inverter circuit electrically connected to positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus. A bi-stable switch is electrically connected in series with a discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus, and a capacitor is electrically connected between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus. First and second trigger circuits are in communication with a gate of the bi-stable switch, and first and second contactors are controllable to electrically connect a respective one of the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus to the high-voltage DC power source. The bi-stable switch is controllable to provide a low-impedance electric current flow path through the discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus in response to an activation signal from one of the first and second high-voltage DC contactor circuits.

Claims

1. A power inverter electrically connected to a high-voltage DC power source via a high-voltage bus, the power inverter comprising:

a multi-phase inverter circuit electrically connected to positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

a bi-stable switch electrically connected in series with a discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

a capacitor electrically connected between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

first and second contactors;

first and second trigger circuits, wherein each of the first and second trigger circuits includes an inductive device that electrically connects to a signal line that is electrically connected to the respective first or second contactor via a resistance-capacitance circuit and a diode, and wherein each of the inductive devices includes an output line that is connected via an electric circuit to a gate of the bi-stable switch;

wherein the first and second contactors are controllable to electrically connect a respective one of the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus to the high-voltage DC power source, wherein the first and second contactors are in communication with a respective one of the first and second trigger circuits;

wherein the bi-stable switch is controllable to provide a low-impedance electric current flow path through the discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus in response to an activation signal that is communicated from one of the first and second contactors to the gate of the bi-stable switch via one of the first and second trigger circuits and the electric circuit.

2. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the power inverter electrically connects to an electric machine.

3. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the bi-stable switch comprises a silicon-controlled rectifier.

4. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the bi-stable switch comprises a thyristor.

5. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the discharge resistor comprises a resistor having an impedance that is selected to minimize time to discharge the capacitor.

6. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the capacitor is electrically connected between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus in parallel with the bi-stable switch that is electrically connected in series with the discharge resistor.

7. The power inverter of claim 1, further comprising the bi-stable switch in an open-circuit state in response to closing both the first and second contactors.

8. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the activation signal is generated in response to an opening of one of the first and second contactors.

9. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the first and second contactors comprise respective first and second high-voltage DC contactors that are in communication with the respective one of the first and second trigger circuits.

10. The power inverter of claim 1, further comprising a pair of one-shot multi-vibrators, each connected to a respective output line of one of the first and second trigger circuits, wherein each of the one-shot multi-vibrators is connected via the electric circuit to the gate of the bi-stable switch.

11. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the first and second contactors electrically isolate the respective first and second trigger circuits from the high-voltage bus of the multi-phase inverter circuit.

12. The power inverter of claim 1, wherein the activation signal comprises a short-term inductively-induced impulse signal that is communicated via the electric circuit to the gate element of the bi-stable switch.

13. A power inverter disposed to control an electric machine, the power inverter being electrically connected to a high-voltage DC power source via a high-voltage bus, the power inverter comprising:

a multi-phase inverter circuit electrically connected to positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

a capacitor electrically connected between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

a passive discharge circuit disposed between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus;

first and second contactors controllable to electrically connect a respective one of the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus to the high-voltage DC power source, and the first and second contactors in communication with a respective one of the first and second trigger circuits; and

first and second trigger circuits, wherein each of the first and second trigger circuits includes an inductive device that electrically connects to a signal line that is electrically connected to the respective first or second contactor via a resistance-capacitance circuit and a diode, wherein each of the inductive devices includes an output line that is connected via an electric circuit to the passive discharge circuit;

wherein the passive discharge circuit is controllable to provide an electric current flow path between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus in response to an activation signal to the positive discharge circuit that is communicated from one of the first and second contactor circuits via one of the first and second trigger circuits and the electric circuit.

14. The power inverter of claim 13, wherein the passive discharge circuit comprises a bi-stable switch electrically connected in series with a discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus.

15. The power inverter of claim 13, wherein the passive discharge circuit comprises a bi-stable switch electrically connected in series with a discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus, wherein the bi-stable switch is in communication with the first and second trigger circuits.

16. The power inverter of claim 13, wherein the passive discharge circuit comprises:

a first bi-stable switch electrically connected in series with a discharge resistor between the positive and negative conductors of the high-voltage bus; and

a second bi-stable switch electrically connected between the positive conductor of the high-voltage bus and a gate of the first bi-stable switch;

wherein a gate of the second bi-stable switch is in communication with the first and second trigger circuits.

17. The power inverter of claim 13, wherein the first and second trigger circuits are electrically isolated from the high-voltage bus of the multi-phase inverter circuit.