Methods and systems for hybrid vehicle power delivery

• US 10,023,174 B2
• Filed: 09/09/2016
• Issued: 07/17/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Cyr, Steven Michael, Reibling, Michael E., Siciak, Ray C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Marc, McDieunel
• Application Number:
  US15/261,679
• Publication Number:
  US 20180072304A1
• Time in Patent Office: 676 Days
• Field of Search: 701 22
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/00 Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units arrangement or mounting in vehicles of electrical gearing, in which an electrical machine serves only as reduction gearing and not as the prime mover and in which no electrical storing means are used B60K17/12; control and regulation of purely electrical prime movers B60L; prime-movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors in a common engine block or housing per se F02B65/00; electric motors or motor-generators used for starting the combustion engine F02N11/04; electric motors for synchronising gearing F16H3/12 Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/44 Series-parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/14 in conjunction with braking regeneration
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/19 for achieving enhanced acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/10 Longitudinal speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/10 Accelerator pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/0666 Engine torque
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 13/0269 Controlling the valves to perform a Miller-Atkinson cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/0649 Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2200/503 Battery correction, i.e. corrections as a function of the state of the battery, its output or its type
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0025 Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/26 using computer, e.g. microprocessor
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/3058 the engine working with a variable number of cycles
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/3076 with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/3094 the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 5/045 combined with electronic control of other engine functions, e.g. fuel injection in general F02D37/02
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 5/1502 using one central computing unit
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

Methods and systems are provided for adjusting engine operation of a hybrid vehicle to increase power output and fuel efficiency. In one example, a method may include operating the engine using an Atkinson cycle during a lower than threshold engine torque demand and a lower than threshold battery state of charge, and operating the engine using an Otto cycle during a higher than threshold torque demand. During operation in the Otto cycle, an octane booster is injected to the fuel line to increase the octane level in the fuel, if desired.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a hybrid vehicle including an engine and a motor; and

a controller with instructions stored on non-transitory memory thereof for operating the vehicle including;

responsive to each of a lower than threshold torque demand and a lower than threshold state of charge of a system battery, operating the engine at a first compression ratio using an Atkinson cycle; and

responsive to a higher than threshold torque demand, operating the engine at a second compression ratio using an Otto cycle with an octane booster added to injected fuel, wherein the second compression ratio is higher than the first compression ratio.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions for operating the engine using the Atkinson cycle further include operating the engine with the first compression ratio, a first intake valve timing, and without the octane booster added to the injected fuel, and the instructions for operating the engine using the Otto cycle further include operating the engine with the second compression ratio and a second intake valve timing, the first compression ratio lower than the second compression ratio, the first intake valve timing longer than the second intake valve timing.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the longer intake valve timing includes retarding intake valve closing after an intake stroke.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions for operating the engine using the Atkinson cycle further include operating with a first spark timing, and the instructions for operating the engine using the Otto cycle further include operating with a second spark timing, the second spark timing advanced relative to the first spark timing.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions for injecting the octane booster further include injecting the octane booster into a fuel line downstream of a fuel reservoir and upstream of a fuel injector.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further include instructions for injecting an amount of octane booster based on an octane content of injected fuel, the amount increased as the octant content of the injected fuel decreases.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the amount of octane booster injected is further based on a difference between an actual torque demand and the threshold torque demand, the amount increased as the difference increases.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the threshold torque demand is based on maximum permissible engine power.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions for operating the engine using one of the Atkinson cycle and the Otto cycle further include charging the system battery.

10. A system comprising:

a hybrid vehicle comprising an engine and a motor; and

a controller with instructions stored on non-transitory memory thereof for operating the hybrid vehicle comprising;

propelling the hybrid vehicle using engine torque by injecting a lower octane content fuel into the engine operating with a lower compression ratio, a longer intake valve timing, and a first spark timing; and

responsive to an increase in torque demand to above a threshold torque demand, transitioning to propelling the vehicle using engine torque by injecting a higher octane content fuel into the engine operating with a higher compression ratio, a shorter intake valve timing, and a second spark timing advanced relative to the first spark timing, wherein injecting the higher octane content fuel includes, prior to injection of a fuel from a fuel tank, adding an amount of an octane booster from an octane booster reservoir to a fuel line coupling the fuel tank to the engine via an octane booster injector.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions further include instructions for propelling the vehicle using motor torque from an electric motor during a lower than threshold torque demand and, responsive to a drop in a system battery state of charge, transitioning to vehicle propulsion using engine torque with the engine operating with the lower compression ratio.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions further include instructions for propelling the vehicle using an electric motor during a lower than threshold torque demand and, responsive to an increase in torque demand to above the threshold torque demand, transitioning to vehicle propulsion using engine torque with the engine operating with the higher compression ratio.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions for injecting the lower octane content fuel further include injecting the fuel from the fuel tank without adding the octane booster to the fuel line.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein the increased torque demand is based on pedal position, the torque demand increased as pedal position increases, and wherein the threshold torque demand is based on a maximum engine power output.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions further include instructions for comparing the increased torque demand to the threshold torque demand, computing a difference between the increased torque demand and the threshold torque demand, and responsive to a higher than threshold torque demand, adjusting the amount of octane booster injected to the fuel line based on the difference between the increased torque demand and the threshold torque demand.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the instructions for adjusting the amount of octane booster further include increasing the amount of octane booster added to the fuel line as the difference increases, the adjusting further based on an octane level of the fuel in the fuel tank, the amount of octane booster injected increased as the octane level of the fuel in the fuel tank decreases.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the longer intake valve timing includes maintaining the intake valve in an open position for a longer duration over an intake stroke and the shorter intake valve timing includes maintaining the intake valve in the open position for a shorter duration over the intake stroke.

18. A system for a hybrid vehicle comprising:

an electric motor driven by a battery;

an engine with a plurality of cylinders;

an accelerator pedal coupled to a pedal position sensor;

an intake valve, an exhaust valve, a fuel injector, and a spark plug coupled to each of the plurality of cylinders;

a fueling system comprising a fuel tank, a fuel pump, and a fuel line, the fuel line delivering a fuel drawn by the fuel pump from the fuel tank to each of the plurality of cylinders via a corresponding fuel injector;

an octane booster addition system comprising an octane booster reservoir, an octane booster pump, an octane booster line, and an octane booster injector, the octane booster injector delivering octane booster drawn by the octane booster pump into the fuel line, upstream of the fuel injector; and

a controller with computer readable instructions stored on non-transitory memory for;

inferring a higher than threshold torque demand based on input from a pedal position sensor; and

in response to the higher than threshold torque demand,

actuating the octane booster injector to inject an amount of octane booster to the fuel line, where the amount of octane booster injected is based on an octane content of injected fuel; and

operating the engine with a higher compression ratio, a shorter intake valve timing, and an advanced spark timing.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the controller includes further instructions for:

in response to each of a lower than threshold torque demand and a lower than threshold battery state of charge,

actuating the octane booster injector to suspend octane booster injection; and

operating the engine with a lower compression ratio, a longer intake valve timing, and a retarded spark timing.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein operating the engine with the higher compression ratio includes generating engine torque to meet the higher than threshold torque demand, and concurrently charging the battery.