Camera lens filter

• US 10,025,154 B2
• Filed: 07/08/2015
• Issued: 07/17/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Gleason, Jeffrey N., Yuan, Xingchao C., Dunn, Ryan J., Bie, Linsen, Guo, Xi, Scepanovic, Miodrag
• Primary Examiner(s): Martinez, Joseph P
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel, Vipin
• Application Number:
  US14/794,654
• Publication Number:
  US 20160091768A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,105 Days
• Field of Search: 359271, 359266, 359269, 359275
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/58 Optics for apodization or superresolution; Optical synthetic aperture systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/005 Diaphragms for cameras G03B9/02
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/155 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/163 Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2001/1552 Inner electrode, e.g. the electrochromic layer being sandwiched between the inner electrode and the support substrate
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 11/00 Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 7/02 Control effected by setting a graduated member on the camera in accordance with indication or reading afforded by a light meter, which may be either separate from or built into camera body
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 9/02 Diaphragms

Abstract

An electrically activated lens filter with an electro-optic portion having a radially and circumferentially symmetric electric field gradient is disclosed. More particularly, embodiments of the lens filter include an electro-optic portion having one or more conductive plugs arranged around a center region such that an electric field within the electro-optic portion varies from a maximum at an outer rim to a minimum outside of the center region. The lens filter may include a plurality of front electrodes and rear electrodes accessible in an axial direction for electrically activating front and rear transparent conductive layers, respectively.

Claims

1. A lens filter, comprising:

a front transparent conductive layer;

a rear transparent conductive layer having an outer region surrounding a perimeter of a center region;

an electrochromic layer between the front transparent conductive layer and the rear transparent conductive layer; and

one or more conductive plugs arranged along the perimeter at a plurality of points around the center region, each conductive plug extending across the electrochromic layer to provide an electrical short path from the front transparent conductive layer to the rear transparent conductive layer, wherein the electrical short path surrounds the center region such that application of an electrical potential to the front and rear transparent conductive layers in the outer region generates a non-zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the outer region and generates zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the center region.

2. The lens filter of claim 1, wherein each conductive plug directly connects the front transparent conductive layer with the rear transparent conductive layer, and wherein each conductive plug creates an electrical short between the front transparent conductive layer and the rear transparent conductive layer.

3. The lens filter of claim 2, wherein a plurality of front electrodes along an outer rim of the front transparent conductive layer are separated from a plurality of rear electrodes along an outer rim of the rear transparent conductive layer such that application of the electrical potential to the front electrodes and the rear electrodes generates a radially symmetric electric field gradient in the electrochromic layer from a maximum electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer at the outer rims to the zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer at the perimeter.

4. The lens filter of claim 3, wherein the perimeter is circular.

5. The lens filter of claim 4, wherein the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer extend over the center region.

6. The lens filter of claim 5, wherein the electrochromic layer includes a trench along the perimeter, and wherein the one or more conductive plugs include a conductive filler in the trench.

7. The lens filter of claim 6, wherein the trench is a continuous trench along the entire perimeter.

8. The lens filter of claim 7, wherein the trench extends in an axial direction through the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer to the rear transparent conductive layer.

9. The lens filter of claim 4, wherein the center region is exposed in an axial direction through the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer.

10. The lens filter of claim 9, wherein the front transparent conductive layer and the one or more conductive plugs are contiguous.

11. The lens filter of claim 4, wherein the one or more conductive plugs include a set of electrical vias arranged along the perimeter.

12. A lens filter, comprising:

a front transparent conductive layer having a plurality of front electrodes arranged along an outer rim of the front transparent conductive layer, wherein the plurality of front electrodes are separated along the outer rim by a plurality of circumferential gaps;

a rear transparent conductive layer having an outer region surrounding a perimeter of a center region, wherein the rear transparent conductive layer has a plurality of rear electrodes arranged along an outer rim of the rear transparent conductive layer, and wherein the plurality of rear electrodes are exposed in an axial direction through the plurality of circumferential gaps;

an electrochromic layer between the front transparent conductive layer and the rear transparent conductive layer; and

one or more conductive plugs arranged along the perimeter at a plurality of points around the center region, each conductive plug directly connecting the front transparent conductive layer with the rear transparent conductive layer across the electrochromic layer to provide an electrical short path surrounding the center region such that application of an electrical potential to the front and rear electrodes in the outer region generates a non-zero potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the outer region and generates zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the center region.

13. The lens filter of claim 12, wherein the plurality of front electrodes and the plurality of rear electrodes are distributed evenly along the respective outer rims and are arranged circumferentially about a same diameter.

14. The lens filter of claim 13, wherein the plurality of front electrodes includes at least four front electrodes.

15. The lens filter of claim 14, wherein the plurality of circumferential gaps include a plurality of holes extending in an axial direction through the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer to the rear transparent conductive layer.

16. A portable consumer electronics device, comprising:

a device housing; and

a camera module integrated in the device housing, the camera module having an imaging sensor configured to receive light from a scene through a lens filter, wherein the lens filter includes;

a front transparent conductive layer;

a rear transparent conductive layer having an outer region surrounding a perimeter of a center region;

an electrochromic layer between the front transparent conductive layer and the rear transparent conductive layer; and

one or more conductive plugs arranged along the perimeter at a plurality of points around the center region, each conductive plug extending across the electrochromic layer to provide an electrical short path from the front transparent conductive layer to the rear transparent conductive layer, wherein the electrical short path surrounds the center region such that application of an electrical potential to the front and rear transparent conductive layers in the outer region generates a non-zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the outer region and generates zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer in the center region.

17. The portable consumer electronics device of claim 16, wherein each conductive plug directly connects the front transparent conductive layer with the rear transparent conductive layer, and wherein each conductive plug creates an electrical short between the front transparent conductive layer and the rear transparent conductive layer.

18. The portable consumer electronics device of claim 17 further comprising:

a plurality of front electrodes arranged along an outer rim of the front transparent conductive layer;

a plurality of rear electrodes arranged along an outer rim of the rear transparent conductive layer; and

a driver circuit configured to apply the electrical potential to the front electrodes and the rear electrodes to generate a radially symmetric electric field gradient in the electrochromic layer that decreases from a maximum electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer at the outer rims to zero electrical potential difference across the electrochromic layer at the perimeter.

19. The portable consumer electronics device of claim 18, wherein the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer extend over the center region.

20. The portable consumer electronics device of claim 18, wherein the center region is exposed in an axial direction through the front transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer.