Dynamic electric power line monitoring system

• US 10,031,889 B2
• Filed: 08/02/2011
• Issued: 07/24/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/02/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lindsey Manufacturing Co.
• Original Assignee: Lindsey Manufacturing Co.
• Inventors: Spillane, Philip E., Malek, Alireza
• Primary Examiner(s): Huynh, Phuong
• Application Number:
  US13/814,239
• Publication Number:
  US 20130191066A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,548 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 13/12 for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures G01B13/18 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 17/00 Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 1/024 for remote indication
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/08 Systems for measuring distance only indirect measurement G01S15/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/003 Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions information retrieval, database structures or file system structures therefor G06F16/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02G 1/02 for overhead lines or cables
• CPC Class Codes: H02G 7/00 Overhead installations of electric lines or cables installations of bus-bars H02G5/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/25 using a mesh network, e.g. a public urban network such as public lighting, bus stops or traffic lights
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/40 using a wireless architecture
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/43 using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth or ZigBee
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/823 where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/88 Providing power supply at the sub-station
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/00 Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom

Abstract

A device and method of precise distance measurement of a transmission line to any object below it is disclosed, along with a network of such devices. The technique employs ultrasonic or laser sensor technology to measure the distance to the nearest object, be it vegetation or a crossing conductor below, and reports that distance wirelessly to the system operator or transmission asset owner. The ultrasonic measurement package may be part of a Transmission Line Security Monitor, which mounts to a transmission line conductor and is powered by the transmission line, transmitting the data by radio links. The technology is equally applicable to encroachment of objects from the side (for example, other transmission lines), as well as to other electrical lines, such as distribution lines, or to other sensing. A built-in transceiver allows the device to communicate with other devices and forward alerts from these devices in a daisy-chain fashion to the intended recipient.

Claims

1. A device configured to attach to an electrical power line at a fixed location along a length of the electrical power line, the device comprising:

a distance sensor configured to measure a distance of a nearest object to the device at the fixed location;

a wireless transmitter;

a processor adapted to;

interpret the measured distance from the distance sensor to the nearest object; and

transmit a message related to the interpreted distance through the transmitter; and

a power supply configured to supply power to the distance sensor, the transmitter, and the processor.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the distance sensor comprises an ultrasonic or laser distance sensor.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the power line comprises a transmission line.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the transmission line comprises a high voltage line.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the high voltage line is configured to operate between 110 kV and 765 kV.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the power supply comprises an inductive power supply configured to generate power inductively from the power line.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is configured to sense down and measure the distance to the object that is beneath the power line.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is configured to sense sideways and measure the distance to the object that is beside the power line.

9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a global navigation satellite system sensor to identify a location of the device, wherein the processor is further adapted to transmit the location in the message.

10. The device of claim 1, further comprising a wireless receiver configured to receive another such message from another such device, wherein the processor is further adapted to:

receive the other message from the other device through the receiver; and

retransmit the other message through the transmitter.

58. The device of claim 1, wherein the fixed location along the length of the electrical power line is mid-span between locations where the electrical power line is supported.

59. The device of claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is configured to measure a distance up to 40 feet.

11. A method of automated measuring and alerting of a nearest object in a proximity of an electrical power line using a distance sensor configured in a device attached to the power line at a fixed location along a length of the power line and comprising a wireless transmitter and a processor, the method comprising:

measuring a distance of the nearest object to the device at the fixed location using the distance sensor;

interpreting the measured distance to the nearest object using the processor; and

transmitting a message based on the interpreted distance using the transmitter.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the power line comprises a transmission line.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the distance sensor comprises an ultrasonic or laser distance sensor.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the device further comprises a wireless receiver configured to receive another such message from another such device, and wherein the method further comprises:

receiving the other message from the other device through the receiver; and

retransmitting the other message through the transmitter.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the device is further configured to generate power inductively from the power line.

60. The method of claim 11, wherein the fixed location along the length of the power line is mid-span between locations where the power line is supported.

61. The method of claim 11, wherein the distance sensor is configured to measure a distance up to 40 feet.

16. A network of devices, each configured to attach to an electrical power line at a respective fixed location along a length of the electrical power line and communicate with an intended recipient, each device of the network of devices comprising:

a distance sensor configured to measure a distance of a nearest object to the device at the respective fixed location;

a wireless transceiver;

an inductive power generator configured to generate electrical power inductively from the power line for use by the device; and

a processor adapted to;

interpret the measured distance from the distance sensor to the nearest object;

transmit a message related to the interpreted distance through the transceiver;

receive another such message through the transceiver from another device in the network of devices; and

retransmit the other message from the other device through the transceiver,

wherein the network of devices is configured to wirelessly communicate the message from the device to the intended recipient.

17. The network of claim 16, wherein the power line comprises a transmission line.

18. The network of claim 16, wherein the network is further configured to wirelessly communicate the message from the device to the intended recipient even in the event that another of the devices in the network is unable to retransmit messages.

19. The network of claim 16, wherein the distance sensor is configured to sense down and measure the distance to the object that is beneath the power line.

20. The network of claim 16, wherein each device of the network of devices further comprises a global navigation satellite system sensor to identify a location of the device, and wherein the processor is further adapted to transmit the location in the message.

62. The network of claim 16, wherein the respective fixed location along the length of the electrical power line is mid-span between locations where the electrical power line is supported.

63. The network of claim 16, wherein the distance sensor is configured to measure a distance up to 40 feet.

21. A device configured to attach to an electrical power line, the device comprising:

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a conductor of the power line when the device is attached to the power line;

a wireless transmitter;

a processor configured to;

interpret the measured temperature from the temperature sensor; and

transmit a message related to the interpreted temperature through the transmitter; and

a power supply configured to supply power to the temperature sensor, the transmitter, and the processor.

22. The device of claim 21, wherein the temperature sensor comprises an infrared temperature sensor.

23. The device of claim 21, wherein the power line comprises a high voltage transmission line.

24. The device of claim 21, wherein the power supply comprises an inductive power supply configured to generate power inductively from the power line.

25. The device of claim 21, wherein

the temperature sensor comprises an ambient temperature sensor for measuring an ambient temperature in a proximity of the temperature sensor, and

the processor is further configured to:

interpret the measured ambient temperature from the ambient temperature sensor; and

transmit a message related to the interpreted ambient temperature through the transmitter.

26. The device of claim 21, wherein

the temperature sensor comprises a board temperature sensor for measuring a board temperature of a circuit board comprising the processor, and

the processor is further configured to:

interpret the measured board temperature from the board temperature sensor; and

transmit a message related to the interpreted board temperature through the transmitter.

27. The device of claim 21, further comprising a global navigation satellite system sensor to identify a location of the device, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit the location in the message.

28. The device of claim 21, further comprising a wireless receiver configured to receive another such message from another such device, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive the other message from the other device through the receiver; and

retransmit the other message through the transmitter.

29. A method of automated measuring and alerting of a temperature of a conductor of an electrical power line using a temperature sensor configured in a device attached to the power line and comprising a wireless transmitter and a processor, the method comprising:

measuring the temperature of the object using the temperature sensor;

interpreting the measured temperature using the processor; and

transmitting a message based on the interpreted temperature using the transmitter.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the power line comprises a transmission line.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein the temperature sensor comprises an infrared temperature sensor.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein the device further comprises a wireless receiver configured to receive another such message from another such device, and wherein the method further comprises:

receiving the other message from the other device through the receiver; and

retransmitting the other message through the transmitter.

33. The method of claim 29, wherein the device is further configured to generate power inductively from the power line.

34. A network of devices, each configured to attach to an electrical power line and communicate with an intended recipient, each device of the network of devices comprising:

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a conductor of the power line when the device is attached to the power line;

a wireless transceiver;

an inductive power generator configured to generate electrical power inductively from the power line for use by the device; and

a processor configured to;

interpret the measured temperature from the temperature sensor;

transmit a message related to the interpreted temperature through the transceiver;

receive another such message through the transceiver from another device in the network of devices; and

retransmit the other message from the other device through the transceiver,

wherein the network of devices is configured to wirelessly communicate the message from the device to the intended recipient.

35. The network of claim 34, wherein the power line comprises a transmission line.

36. The network of claim 34, wherein the network is further configured to wirelessly communicate the message from the device to the intended recipient even when another of the devices in the network is unable to retransmit messages.

37. The network of claim 34, wherein the temperature sensor comprises an infrared temperature sensor.

38. The network of claim 37, wherein

the temperature sensor further comprises one of an ambient temperature sensor for measuring an ambient temperature in a proximity of the temperature sensor or a board temperature sensor for measuring a board temperature of a circuit board comprising the processor, and

the processor is further configured to:

interpret one of the measured ambient temperature from the ambient temperature sensor or the measured board temperature from the board temperature sensor; and

transmit a message related to one of the interpreted ambient temperature or the interpreted board temperature through the transceiver.

39. A device configured to attach to an electrical power line, the device comprising:

a sensor for sensing a vicinity of the power line;

a wireless transceiver for interconnecting the device with other devices in a wireless network by receiving messages from the other devices and retransmitting those ones of the messages not intended for the device;

a processor for;

interpreting a sensor reading from the sensor, and

transmitting a message related to the interpreted sensor reading through the transceiver; and

a power supply for supplying power to the sensor, the transceiver, and the processor,

wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a conductor of the power line when the device is attached to the power line or a distance sensor configured to measure a distance of a nearest object to the device.

40. The device of claim 39, wherein the power line comprises a high voltage transmission line.

41. The device of claim 39, wherein the power supply comprises an inductive power supply for generating power inductively from the power line.

42. The device of claim 41, where the device further comprises a capacitor for supplying stored power to the device.

43. The device of claim 39, wherein the transceiver is configured to retransmit each of the messages no more than once.

44. The device of claim 39, wherein the transceiver is configured to only retransmit those ones of the messages whose intended recipients are closer to the device than they are to corresponding ones of the devices that transmitted the ones of the messages.

45. The device of claim 44, wherein “

closer”

is defined by a linear order of the devices.

46. The device of claim 39, further comprising a non-volatile memory for storing an address of a base station.

47. The device of claim 46, wherein the non-volatile memory is further for storing a location of the device.

48. A method of automated sensing of a proximity of an electrical power line using a sensor configured in each of a wireless network of devices attached to and inductively powered by the power line and each comprising a transceiver and a processor for communicating with a transceiver-equipped base station, the method comprising:

sensing a vicinity of the power line using the sensor in one of the devices;

interpreting a sensor reading from the sensor using the processor of the one of the devices;

transmitting a first message based on the interpreted sensor reading using the transceiver of the one of the devices; and

receiving and retransmitting the first message using the transceiver of others of the devices to forward the message to the base station,

wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a conductor of the power line or a distance sensor configured to measure a distance of a nearest object to the one of the devices.

49. The method of claim 48, further comprising:

transmitting a second message to the one of the devices using the transceiver of the base station; and

receiving and retransmitting the second message using the transceiver of the others of the devices to forward the message to the one of the devices.

50. The method of claim 49, wherein the one of the devices transmits the first message in response to receiving the second message.

51. The method of claim 48, wherein the receiving and retransmitting of the first message comprises only retransmitting the first message in the transceiver of ones of the devices that are closer to the base station than corresponding ones of the devices from which they received the first message are to the base station.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein “

closer”

is defined by a linear order of the network of devices.

53. The method of claim 52, further comprising initializing the network of devices to define the linear order by:

transmitting a command using the transceiver of the base station; and

receiving and retransmitting the command using the transceiver of the devices.

54. The method of claim 53, further comprising re-initializing the network of devices to redefine the linear order when a device is added to or removed from the network.

55. The method of claim 48, wherein each of the others of the devices retransmits the first message no more than once.

56. A wireless network of devices, each configured to attach to an electrical power line and communicate with a transceiver-equipped base station, each device of the network of devices comprising:

a sensor for sensing a vicinity of the power line;

a wireless transceiver for interconnecting the device with others of the devices and with the base station by receiving messages from the others of the devices and retransmitting those ones of the messages not intended for the device;

an inductive power generator for generating electrical power inductively from the power line for use by the device; and

a processor for;

interpreting the sensor reading from the sensor;

transmitting a message related to the interpreted sensor reading through the transceiver;

receiving another such message through the transceiver from another of the devices; and

retransmitting the other message from the other device through the transceiver only if the device is closer to the base station than the other device is to the base station,

wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a conductor of the power line when the device is attached to the power line or a distance sensor configured to measure a distance of a nearest object to the device.

57. The network of devices of claim 56, wherein “

closer”

is defined by a linear order of the network of devices that is dynamically defined by an initialization routine initiated by the base station.