Neural activity recording apparatus and method of using same
First Claim
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1. A neural activity recording apparatus comprising:
- at least two electrodes configured to establish an electrical path through a patient'"'"'s skin and to acquire a neural activity signal;
an amplifier circuit configured to output an amplified neural activity signal based on the neural activity signal;
an integrated circuit chip (IC) including an instrumentation amplifier to receive and amplify the amplified neural activity signal from the amplifier circuit, a processor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an on-board memory, and a line frequency filter algorithm embedded in the on-board memory, the ADC configured to digitize an amplified neural activity signal from the instrumentation amplifier to produce a sample stream, and the line frequency filter algorithm configured to cancel a substantial portion of a line frequency signal embedded in the sample stream to generate a neural activity data;
a removable memory configured to store the neural activity data;
an energy storage device configured to energize the IC; and
a housing sealingly enclosing the IC, the amplifier circuit, the removable memory and the energy storage device, the housing configured to be unsealed to enable removal of the removable memory,wherein the neural activity recording apparatus is sized to be attached to and supported by the patient'"'"'s forehead and energized solely by the energy storage device, andwherein the activity recording apparatus is devoid of an isolation circuit, wherein the IC is directly electrically coupled to the patient'"'"'s skin and to the energy storage device and to the removable memory, without an external connection to power the activity recording apparatus and store the neural activity data, wherein the neural activity data is configured to diagnose sleep/wake patterns during a time period limited by the energy stored in the energy storage device.
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Abstract
An apparatus to enable individuals to record neural activity. The apparatus is designed to be produced at a low cost and may be configured to be disposable or capable of a limited number of uses. The apparatus comprises electrodes, a flexible housing sealably enclosing an energy storage device and an integrated circuit having a memory, a processor, and on-board memory. The electrodes capture the neural activity signals. The integrated circuit samples the neural activity signals and stores corresponding data in memory.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A neural activity recording apparatus comprising:
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at least two electrodes configured to establish an electrical path through a patient'"'"'s skin and to acquire a neural activity signal; an amplifier circuit configured to output an amplified neural activity signal based on the neural activity signal; an integrated circuit chip (IC) including an instrumentation amplifier to receive and amplify the amplified neural activity signal from the amplifier circuit, a processor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an on-board memory, and a line frequency filter algorithm embedded in the on-board memory, the ADC configured to digitize an amplified neural activity signal from the instrumentation amplifier to produce a sample stream, and the line frequency filter algorithm configured to cancel a substantial portion of a line frequency signal embedded in the sample stream to generate a neural activity data; a removable memory configured to store the neural activity data; an energy storage device configured to energize the IC; and a housing sealingly enclosing the IC, the amplifier circuit, the removable memory and the energy storage device, the housing configured to be unsealed to enable removal of the removable memory, wherein the neural activity recording apparatus is sized to be attached to and supported by the patient'"'"'s forehead and energized solely by the energy storage device, and wherein the activity recording apparatus is devoid of an isolation circuit, wherein the IC is directly electrically coupled to the patient'"'"'s skin and to the energy storage device and to the removable memory, without an external connection to power the activity recording apparatus and store the neural activity data, wherein the neural activity data is configured to diagnose sleep/wake patterns during a time period limited by the energy stored in the energy storage device. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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4. A neural activity recording apparatus comprising:
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at least two electrodes configured to establish an electrical path through a patient'"'"'s skin and to acquire a neural activity signal; an amplifier circuit configured to output an amplified neural activity signal based on the neural activity signal; an integrated circuit chip (IC) including an instrumentation amplifier to receive and amplify the amplified neural activity signal from the amplifier circuit, a processor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an on-board memory, and a line frequency filter algorithm embedded in the on-board memory, the ADC configured to digitize an amplified neural activity signal from the instrumentation amplifier to produce a sample stream, and the line frequency filter algorithm configured to cancel a substantial portion of a line frequency signal embedded in the sample stream to generate a neural activity data; a removable memory configured to store the neural activity data; an energy storage device configured to energize the IC; and a housing sealingly enclosing the IC, the amplifier circuit, the removable memory and the energy storage device, the housing configured to be unsealed to enable removal of the removable memory, wherein the neural activity recording apparatus is sized to be attached to and supported by the patient'"'"'s forehead and energized solely by the energy storage device, and wherein the ADC samples the amplified neural activity signal at an integer multiple of a power line frequency, the multiple being greater than 2, and wherein to cancel a substantial portion of a line frequency signal embedded in the sample stream the line frequency filter algorithm is configured to divide the sample stream into a number of sub-streams corresponding to the line frequency multiple, to compute moving averages for each sub-stream, and to subtract the moving averages from each sub-stream to cancel the residual line noise from each sub-stream.
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11. A method of recording neural activity with a neural activity recording apparatus, the method comprising:
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attaching the neural activity recording apparatus to the patient, the neural activity recording apparatus including at least two electrodes configured to establish an electrical path through a patient'"'"'s skin and to acquire a neural activity signal;
an amplifier circuit configured to output an amplified neural activity signal based on the neural activity signal;
an integrated circuit chip (IC) including a processor, an instrumentation amplifier to receive and amplify the amplified neural activity signal from the amplifier circuit, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an on-board memory, and a line frequency filter algorithm embedded in the on-board memory, and the ADC configured to digitize an amplified neural activity signal from the instrumentation amplifier to produce a sample stream;
a removable memory configured to store the neural activity data;
an energy storage device configured to energize the IC; and
a housing sealingly enclosing the IC, the instrumentation amplifier, the removable memory and the energy storage device, the housing configured to be unsealed to enable removal of the removable memory, wherein the neural activity recording apparatus is sized to be attached to and supported by the patient'"'"'s forehead and energized solely by the energy storage device, wherein the activity recording apparatus is devoid of an isolation circuit, wherein the IC is directly electrically coupled to the patient'"'"'s skin and to the energy storage device and to the removable memory, without an external connection to power the activity recording apparatus and store the neural activity data, and wherein the neural activity data is configured to diagnose sleep/wake patterns during a time period limited by the energy stored in the energy storage device;powering the neural activity recording apparatus with the energy storage device; amplifying the amplified neural activity signal from the amplifier circuit to generate an amplified neural activity signal by the instrumentation amplifier; generating a sample stream from the amplified neural activity signal from the instrumentation amplifier circuit; canceling, with the line frequency filter algorithm, a substantial portion of a line frequency noise signal embedded in the sample stream to generate a neural activity data substantially free of the line frequency noise signal; storing the neural activity data in a removable memory; unsealing the housing to enable removal of the removable memory; and removing the removable memory. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification