Diffusion-limited adaptive battery charging
First Claim
1. A battery charger comprising:
- a controller;
a plurality of sensors coupled to the controller, and each coupleable to a battery having a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one interface therebetween; and
at least one of a current source and a voltage source, each coupled to the controller and coupleable to the battery,wherein the controller is configured to;
during a zero current state in which charging current of the battery is set to zero following a prior charging period, receive from the plurality of sensors,. information corresponding to the prior charging period; and
subsequent to the zero current state and based at least in part on the received information, control at least one of the current source and the voltage source to charge the battery;
wherein the plurality of sensors comprise a voltage sensor and a current sensor and the received information comprises voltage information and current information.
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Abstract
Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that adaptively charges a battery, wherein the battery is a lithium-ion battery which includes a transport-limiting electrode governed by diffusion, an electrolyte separator and a non-transport-limiting electrode. During operation, the system determines a lithium surface concentration at an interface between the transport-limiting electrode and the electrolyte separator based on a diffusion time for lithium in the transport-limiting electrode. Next, the system calculates a charging current or a charging voltage for the battery based on the determined lithium surface concentration. Finally, the system applies the charging current or the charging voltage to the battery.
85 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A battery charger comprising:
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a controller; a plurality of sensors coupled to the controller, and each coupleable to a battery having a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one interface therebetween; and at least one of a current source and a voltage source, each coupled to the controller and coupleable to the battery, wherein the controller is configured to; during a zero current state in which charging current of the battery is set to zero following a prior charging period, receive from the plurality of sensors,. information corresponding to the prior charging period; and subsequent to the zero current state and based at least in part on the received information, control at least one of the current source and the voltage source to charge the battery; wherein the plurality of sensors comprise a voltage sensor and a current sensor and the received information comprises voltage information and current information. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A controller for a battery charger including a current source and a voltage source, the controller configured to:
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during a zero current state in which charging current of a battery is set to zero following a prior charging period, receive information from a plurality of sensors corresponding to the prior charging period; and subsequent to the zero current state and based at least in part on the received information, control at least one of the current source and the voltage source to charge the battery; wherein the plurality of sensors comprises a voltage sensor and a current sensor and the received information comprises voltage information and current information. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed by a controller, cause the controller to:
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during a zero current state in which charging current of a battery is set to zero following a prior charging period, receive information from a plurality of sensors corresponding to the prior charging period; and subsequent to the zero current state and based at least in part on the received information, control at least one of a current source and a voltage source to charge the battery; wherein the plurality of sensors comprises a voltage sensor and a current sensor and the received information comprises voltage information and current information. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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Specification