Methods, systems and devices for non-invasive open ventilation for providing ventilation support

• US 10,046,133 B2
• Filed: 04/02/2010
• Issued: 08/14/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 04/02/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Breathe Technologies, Inc. (Baxter International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Breathe Technologies, Inc. (Baxter International Inc.)
• Inventors: Kapust, Gregory, Cipollone, Joseph, Wondka, Anthony D., Gerber, Anthony, Allum, Todd, Eghbal, Darius, Aguirre, Joey, Kassanis, George A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ho, Jackie Tan-Uyen T
• Assistant Examiner(s): Paciorek, Jonathan
• Application Number:
  US12/753,854
• Publication Number:
  US 20100252041A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,056 Days
• Field of Search: 12820024, 12820119, 12820222, 12820312, 12820322, 12820315, 12820418, 12820421, 12820425, 12820423, 12820718, 12820713, 12820714
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0003 Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0006 with means for creating vibrations in patients' airways
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0057 Pumps therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0066 Blowers or centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0096 High frequency jet ventilation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0493 with means for protecting the tube from damage caused by the patient's teeth, e.g. bite block
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0605 Means for improving the adaptation of the mask to the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0622 having an underlying cushion
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0666 Nasal cannulas or tubing devices for improving normal breathing through the nose A61F5/08; nose filters A62B23/06; outside holding devices A61M25/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0677 Gas-saving devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0683 Holding devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0688 by means of an adhesive
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0825 with ball-sockets
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0841 for sampling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0858 Pressure sampling ports
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0875 Connecting tubes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0883 Circuit type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/101 using an oxygen concentrator
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/107 in the inspiratory path
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/127 : by Venturi effect, i.e. entrainment mixers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/16 : Devices to humidify the respiration air A61M16/1045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/201 : Controlled valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/208 : Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0015 : inhalation detectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 : with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0024 : with an on-off output signal, e.g. from a switch
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 : pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0036 : in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0661 : with customised shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0007 : introduced into the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0208 : Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/03 : Gases in liquid phase, e.g. cryogenic liquids
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0205 : Materials having antiseptic or antimicrobial properties, e.g. silver compounds, rubber with sterilising agent
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/17 : with redundant control systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 : Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 : battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/40 : Respiratory characteristics

Abstract

A system for providing ventilation support to a patient may include a ventilator, a control unit, a gas delivery circuit with a proximal end in fluid communication with the ventilator and a distal end in fluid communication with a nasal interface, and a nasal interface. The nasal interface may include at least one jet nozzle at the distal end of the gas delivery circuit; and at least one spontaneous respiration sensor for detecting respiration in communication with the control unit. The system may be open to ambient. The control unit may receive signals from the at least one spontaneous respiration sensor and determine gas delivery requirements. The ventilator may deliver gas at a velocity to entrain ambient air and increase lung volume or lung pressure above spontaneously breathing levels to assist in work of breathing, and deliver ventilation gas in a cyclical delivery pattern synchronized with a spontaneous breathing pattern.

Claims

1. A system for providing ventilation support to a patient via a nostril, the system comprising:

a pressurized gas source;

a gas delivery circuit; and

a nasal interface adapted to communicate with the patient'"'"'s nostril while allowing the patient to spontaneously breathe ambient air, the nasal interface comprising;

an outer tube adapted for at least partial insertion in the patient'"'"'s nostril, the outer tube having an inlet open to ambient air, an outlet, and a jet pump throat between the inlet and the outlet, the outer tube defining a transition region between the inlet and the jet pump throat having a constantly tapering internal diameter from the inlet to the jet pump throat; and

a jet nozzle in fluid communication with the pressurized gas source via the gas delivery circuit and being disposed concentrically through the inlet and at least partially into the outer tube such that ambient air may flow into the inlet around the periphery of the jet nozzle, the jet nozzle having a distal tip positioned within the transition region, the nozzle and the outer tube together defining an entrainment chamber having an annular cross-section between the nozzle and the outer tube;

wherein the jet nozzle delivers gas from the pressurized gas source to create a positive pressure area between the jet pump throat and the outlet and a negative pressure area in the entrainment chamber for entraining ambient air through the outer tube;

wherein the combination of gas delivered by the jet nozzle and air entrained through the outer tube provides ventilatory support.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer tube is dimensioned to be smaller than the patient'"'"'s nostril to enable the patient to spontaneous breathe ambient air around the outside of the outer tube.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer tube is curved or angled to match an angle of the patient'"'"'s nostril.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the outlet of the outer tube is wider than an inner diameter of the jet pump throat such that the outlet functions as a diffuser.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the diffuser creates a laminar gas flow exit profile.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the diffuser improves efficiency and overall power of the system.

3. A method for providing ventilation support to a patient, the method comprising:

providing a pressurized gas source;

providing a gas delivery circuit;

providing a nasal interface adapted to communicate with the patient'"'"'s nostril while allowing the patient to spontaneously breathe ambient air, the nasal interface comprising;

an outer tube adapted for at least partial insertion in the patient'"'"'s nostril, the outer tube having an inlet open to ambient air, an outlet, and a jet pump throat between the inlet and the outlet, the outer tube defining a transition region between the inlet and the jet pump throat having a constantly tapering internal diameter from the inlet to the jet pump throat; and

a jet nozzle in fluid communication with the pressurized gas source via the gas delivery circuit and being disposed through the inlet and at least partially into the outer tube such that ambient air may flow into the inlet around the periphery of the jet nozzle, the jet nozzle having a distal tip positioned within the transition region, the nozzle and the outer tube together defining an entrainment chamber having an annular cross-section between the nozzle and the outer tube; and

delivering gas from the pressurized gas source through the jet nozzle to create a positive pressure area between the jet pump throat and the outlet and a negative pressure area in the entrainment chamber for entraining ambient air through the outer tube, the combination of gas delivered through the jet nozzle and air entrained through the outer tube providing ventilatory support.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the outer tube is dimensioned to be smaller than the patient'"'"'s nostril to enable the patient to spontaneous breathe ambient air around the outside of the outer tube.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the outer tube is curved or angled to match an angle of the nostril.

10. The method of claim 3, wherein an inner diameter of the outlet of the outer tube is wider than an inner diameter of the jet pump throat such that the outlet functions as a diffuser.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the diffuser creates a laminar gas flow exit profile.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the diffuser improves efficiency and overall power of the provided nasal interface.