Detecting motion based on decompositions of channel response variations

• US 10,051,414 B1
• Filed: 08/30/2017
• Issued: 08/14/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cognitive Systems Corp.
• Original Assignee: Cognitive Systems Corp.
• Inventors: Omer, Mohammad, Olekas, Christopher Vytautas
• Primary Examiner(s): Ho, Huy C
• Application Number:
  US15/691,195
• Time in Patent Office: 349 Days
• Field of Search: 4554561
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/003 Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/56 for presence detection presence detection using near field arrangements G01V3/00, e.g. G01V3/08, G01V3/12; burglar, theft or intruder alarms with electrical actuation G08B13/22 - G08B13/26
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0273 using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/006 using shared front-end circuitry, e.g. antennas G01S13/765, G01S13/825 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services

Abstract

In a general aspect, motion is detected using vector representations of channel responses. In some aspects, a first set of channel responses are obtained based on wireless signals transmitted through a space during a first time period. From the first set of channel responses, a set of orthogonal axes in a frequency vector domain are determined. A second channel response is obtained based on a wireless signal transmitted through the space during a second time period, and a channel vector representing the second channel response in the frequency vector domain is determined. Motion of an object in the space is detected based on a projection of the channel vector onto one of the set of orthogonal axes.

Claims

1. A motion detection method comprising:

obtaining a first set of channel responses based on wireless signals transmitted through a space during a first time period;

by operation of one or more processors, determining, from the first set of channel responses, a set of orthogonal axes in a frequency vector domain;

obtaining a second channel response based on a wireless signal transmitted through the space during a second time period;

by operation of one or more processors, determining a channel vector representing the second channel response in the frequency vector domain; and

detecting motion of an object in the space based on a projection of the channel vector onto one of the set of orthogonal axes,

wherein determining the set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain comprises minimizing a vector equation using a least squares process.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting motion of the object in the space is based on comparing the projection with a threshold value.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the least squares process comprises at least one of a least mean squares process, recursive least squares process, a constrained least squares process, or a batch least squares process.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising selecting a motion projection axis from the set of orthogonal axes, wherein detecting motion of the object in the space is based on a projection of the channel vector on the motion projection axis.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein selecting the motion projection axis comprises determining a fat-tail metric for each axis of the set of orthogonal axes, the fat-tail metric for each axis based on a distribution of projections onto the axis of vectors representing the first channel responses in the frequency vector domain.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the fat-tail metric for each axis is based on a mean absolute deviation of the distribution of projections onto the axis divided by a standard deviation of the distribution of projections onto the axis.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain comprises:

determining channel vectors representing the first set of channel responses in the frequency vector domain;

defining a first axis in the frequency vector domain based on alignments of the channel vectors in the frequency vector domain; and

defining second axes in the frequency vector domain, each of the second axes being orthogonal to the first axis and orthogonal to the other second axes.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of orthogonal axes is a first set of orthogonal axes, and the method comprises:

obtaining third channel responses based on wireless signals transmitted through the space during a third time period;

determining, from the third channel responses, in response to detecting a change in projections onto the first set of orthogonal axes of vectors representing the third channel responses, a second set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain; and

using the second set of orthogonal axes to detect motion of an object in the space.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein elements of the channel vector are based on analysis of received wireless signals at respective subcarrier frequencies.

10. A system comprising:

a data processing apparatus; and

a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that are operable when executed by the data processing apparatus to perform operations comprising;

obtaining a first set of channel responses based on wireless signals transmitted through a space during a first time period;

determining, from the first set of channel responses, a set of orthogonal axes in a frequency vector domain;

obtaining a second channel response based on a wireless signal transmitted through the space during a second time period;

determining a channel vector representing the second channel response in the frequency vector domain; and

detecting motion of an object in the space based on a projection of the channel vector onto one of the set of orthogonal axes,

wherein determining the set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain comprises minimizing a vector equation using a least squares process.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein detecting motion of the object in the space is based on comparing the projection with a threshold value.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the least squares process comprises at least one of a least mean squares process, recursive least squares process, a constrained least squares process, or a batch least squares process.

13. The system of claim 10, the operations comprising selecting a motion projection axis from the set of orthogonal axes, wherein detecting motion of the object in the space is based on a projection of the channel vector on the motion projection axis.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the motion projection axis comprises determining a fat-tail metric for each axis of the set of orthogonal axes, the fat-tail metric for each axis based on a distribution of projections onto the axis of vectors representing the first channel responses in the frequency vector domain.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the fat-tail metric for each axis is based on a mean absolute deviation of the distribution of projections onto the axis divided by a standard deviation of the distribution of projections onto the axis.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein determining the set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain comprises:

determining channel vectors representing the first set of channel responses in the frequency vector domain;

defining a first axis in the frequency vector domain based on alignments of the channel vectors in the frequency vector domain; and

defining second axes in the frequency vector domain, each of the second axes being orthogonal to the first axis and orthogonal to the other second axes.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the set of orthogonal axes is a first set of orthogonal axes, and the operations comprise:

obtaining third channel responses based on wireless signals transmitted through the space during a third time period;

determining, from the third channel responses, in response to detecting a change in projections onto the first set of orthogonal axes of vectors representing the third channel responses, a second set of orthogonal axes in the frequency vector domain; and

using the second set of orthogonal axes to detect motion of an object in the space.

18. The system of claim 10, wherein elements of the channel vector are based on analysis of received wireless signals at respective subcarrier frequencies.

19. A motion detection method comprising:

obtaining a first channel response based on a first wireless signal transmitted through a space;

identifying a first type of variation and a second type of variation in the first channel response based on a comparison of the first channel response with a set of channel responses;

by operation of one or more processors, executing a motion detection process to detect motion of an object in the space based on identifying the first and second types of variations in the channel response;

obtaining a second channel response based on a second wireless signal transmitted through the space;

identifying the first and second type of variation in the second channel response based on a comparison of the second channel response with the set of channel responses; and

blocking execution of the motion detection process in response to a determination that a magnitude of the first type of variation in the second channel response is above a threshold.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein motion of the object in the space is detected by analyzing the second type of variation identified in the channel response.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the motion detection process is executed in response to a determination that a magnitude of the first type of variation is below a threshold.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein the first and second types of variation are identified based on a set of orthogonal axes in a frequency vector domain.

23. A system comprising:

a data processing apparatus; and

a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that are operable when executed by the data processing apparatus to perform operations comprising;

obtaining a first channel response based on a first wireless signal transmitted through a space;

identifying a first type of variation and a second type of variation in the first channel response based on a comparison of the first channel response with a set of channel responses;

executing a motion detection process to detect motion of an object in the space based on identifying the first and second types of variations in the channel response;

obtaining a second channel response based on a second wireless signal transmitted through the space;

identifying the first and second type of variation in the second channel response based on a comparison of the second channel response with the set of channel responses; and

blocking execution of the motion detection process in response to a determination that a magnitude of the first type of variation in the second channel response is above a threshold.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein motion of the object in the space is detected by analyzing the second type of variation identified in the channel response.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the motion detection process is executed in response to a determination that a magnitude of the first type of variation is below a threshold.

26. The system of claim 23, wherein the first and second types of variation are identified based on a set of orthogonal axes in a frequency vector domain.