Method for additive manufacturing using filament shaping

• US 10,052,813 B2
• Filed: 03/28/2017
• Issued: 08/21/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stratasys Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Arevo Inc.
• Inventors: Armijo, Armando, Bheda, Hemant, Mantha, Chandrashekar, Mondesir, Wiener, Nandu, Sohil, Reese, Riley
• Primary Examiner(s): Schiffman, Benjamin A
• Application Number:
  US15/471,786
• Publication Number:
  US 20170274585A1
• Time in Patent Office: 511 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/118 using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/188 involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control surface shaping B29C59/00; after-treatment of articles without altering their shape B29C71/00
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/20 Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/218 Rollers
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/268 using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/393 for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/384 Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 10/00 Processes of additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 30/00 Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/02 for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for additive manufacturing wherein a fiber composite filament having an arbitrarily shaped cross section is softened and then flattened to tape-like form factor for incorporation into a part that is being additively manufactured.

Claims

1. A method for additive manufacturing, comprising:

depositing a first fiber composite filament on a build surface;

softening the first fiber composite filament on the build surface, wherein, after softening, the first fiber composite filament retains an ability to be shaped; and

flattening the first fiber composite filament.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein softening the first fiber composite filament further comprises partially melting a second fiber composite filament that underlies the first fiber composite filament.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the softening the partially melting occur concurrently.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein a heat source used to soften the first fiber composite filament is the same heat source that is used to partially melt the second fiber composite filament.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein softening the first fiber composite filament further comprises exposing the first fiber composite filament to heat from a heat source.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein flattening the first fiber composite filament further comprises altering a shape of a cross section thereof while maintaining a cross-sectional area thereof.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein flattening the first fiber composite filament further comprises applying pressure thereto.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein flattening the first fiber composite filament further comprises positioning the first fiber composite filament in a path of a roller.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fiber composite filament is a towpreg.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising cutting a filament to yield the first fiber composite filament, and subsequently depositing the first fiber composite filament on the build surface.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fiber composite filament is softened using at least one laser beam directed to at least a portion of the first fiber composite filament.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fiber composite filament is softened after a length of the first fiber composite filament is deposited on the build surface.

13. A method for additive manufacturing, comprising:

delivering, without a change in cross-sectional area, a fiber composite filament onto a build surface; and

reshaping the fiber composite filament by softening or partially melting the fiber composite filament, wherein, before reshaping, the fiber composite filament has a substantially circular cross section and after reshaping, the fiber composite filament is flattened.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein partially melting the fiber composite filament further comprises melting a lower portion, but not the upper portion, of the fiber composite filament.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein an upper portion of a second fiber composite filament underlying and abutting the fiber composite filament is melted.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein reshaping the fiber composite filament further comprises illuminating, with laser light from a single laser, the fiber composite filament and the second fiber composite filament.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein reshaping the fiber composite filament further comprises compressing the softened fiber composite filament, thereby flattening same.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein partially melting the fiber composite filament comprises melting a portion of fiber composite filament, wherein the melted portion is:

a) proximal to the build surface; and

b) up to 50 percent of a thickness of the fiber composite filament prior to flattening.

19. A method for additive manufacturing, comprising:

depositing a second fiber composite filament on a first fiber composite filament;

melting an upper portion, but not all, of the first fiber composite filament and melting a lower portion, but not all, of the second fiber composite filament, wherein, after melting the lower portion, the second fiber composite filament retains an ability to be shaped; and

flattening the second fiber composite filament.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising focusing a laser so that laser light from the laser melts the upper portion of the first fiber composite filament and the lower portion of the second fiber composite filament.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the upper portion, but not all, of the first fiber composite filament is melted using a first laser beam and the lower portion, but not all, of the second fiber composite filament is melted using a second laser beam, wherein the first laser beam and the second laser beam are different.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein from about 10 percent to 50 percent of the second fiber composite filament is melted.

23. The method of claim 19, wherein a length of the second fiber composite filament is deposited on the first fiber composite filament before (i) the upper portion, but not all, of the first fiber composite filament and the lower portion, but not all, of the second fiber composite filament are melted and (ii) the second fiber composite filament is flattened.

24. The method of claim 19, wherein the second fiber composite filament is a towpreg.

25. The method of claim 19, further comprising cutting a filament to yield the second fiber composite filament, and subsequently depositing the second fiber composite filament on the first fiber composite filament.