Tissue perfusion sensor control

• US 10,058,274 B2
• Filed: 06/30/2008
• Issued: 08/28/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Kracker, Stefan G.
• Primary Examiner(s): EISEMAN, ADAM JARED
• Application Number:
  US12/164,776
• Publication Number:
  US 20090326350A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,711 Days
• Field of Search: 600322-327, 600331-334, 600336-337, 600339-341, 600363
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14542 for measuring blood gases A61B5/14551 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36557 controlled by chemical substances in blood

Abstract

An optical perfusion sensor may monitor blood oxygen saturation of blood-perfused tissue, which may be referred to as tissue perfusion, until a tissue perfusion value is within a threshold range of a reference value, and, in some examples, for at least a minimum period of time. The tissue perfusion value may indicate an absolute blood oxygen saturation level or a relative change in blood oxygen saturation level. The reference value may be, for example, determined by an oxygen (O2) variation index that indicates a change in blood oxygen saturation of tissue. In some examples, the optical perfusion sensor may be activated upon detecting a cardiac event, such as a cardiac arrhythmia. In addition, in some examples, cardiac signal monitoring may be activated upon detecting a threshold change in tissue perfusion.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving an electrical signal from an optical perfusion sensing module, wherein the electrical signal is indicative of a blood oxygen saturation level of a patient;

determining a perfusion value based on the electrical signal is within a threshold range of values;

modifying an operation of the optical perfusion sensing module in response to determining the perfusion value is within the threshold range of values, wherein modifying the operation of the optical perfusion sensing module comprises, while the optical perfusion sensing module remains powered on, stopping storage of any electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in a memory, and

controlling an operation of a cardiac signal sensing module based on the electrical signal generated by the optical perfusion sensing module.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the perfusion value comprises at least one of an oxygen variation index or an amplitude of the electrical signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold range of values comprises a threshold range of values relative to a reference value.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the perfusion value comprises an oxygen variation index and the reference value is based on a trend of the oxygen variation index over time.

5. The method of claim 3, further comprising determining the reference value, wherein determining the reference value comprises:

determining a plurality of perfusion values during a predetermined period of time; and

determining the reference value based on the plurality of perfusion values.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the reference value based on the plurality of perfusion values comprises determining a mean perfusion value of the plurality of perfusion values, wherein the reference value comprises the mean perfusion value.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the reference value based on the plurality of perfusion values comprises:

determining a mean perfusion value of the plurality of perfusion values;

determining a deviation of each perfusion value of the plurality of perfusion values from the mean perfusion value; and

determining a mean deviation value based on the deviation of each perfusion value of the plurality of perfusion values from the mean perfusion value,

wherein the reference value comprises the mean perfusion value and the threshold range comprises the mean deviation value.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a cardiac signal of a heart of the patient and controlling the optical perfusion sensing module based on the cardiac signal.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

detecting a cardiac arrhythmia of the heart based on the cardiac signal of the heart; and

activating storage of electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in response to detecting the cardiac arrhythmia.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein controlling the optical perfusion sensing module based on the cardiac signal comprises detecting a cardiac arrhythmia of the heart based on the cardiac signal of the heart and activating sensing by the optical perfusion sensing module in response to detecting the cardiac arrhythmia.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining whether the characteristic of the electrical signal was within the threshold range of values prior to the detection of the cardiac arrhythmia and generating an indication if the characteristic of the electrical signal was not within the threshold range of values prior to the detection of the cardiac arrhythmia.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the operation of the cardiac signal sensing module based on the electrical signal comprises receiving and storing a cardiac signal generated by the cardiac signal sensing module if the perfusion value is outside the threshold range of values.

13. A system comprising:

a memory;

a cardiac signal sensing module;

an optical perfusion sensing module configured to generate an electrical signal indicative of a blood oxygen saturation level of a patient; and

a processor configured to receive the electrical signal from the optical perfusion sensing module, determine a perfusion value based on the electrical signal is within a threshold range of values, store at least one of the electrical signal or the perfusion value in the memory, control an operation of the cardiac signal sensing module based on the electrical signal generated by the optical perfusion sensing module, and modify an operation of the optical perfusion sensing module in response to determining the perfusion value is within the threshold range of values, wherein the modification of the operation comprises, while the optical perfusion sensing module remains powered on, stopping storage of any electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in the memory.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the perfusion value comprises at least one of an oxygen variation index or an amplitude of the electrical signal.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the threshold range of values comprises a threshold range relative to a reference value.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine the reference value by at least:

determining a plurality of perfusion values during a predetermined period of time; and

determining the reference value based on the plurality of perfusion values.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein each perfusion value of the plurality of perfusion values comprises an oxygen variation index, and the reference value is based on a trend of the oxygen variation index over time.

18. The system of claim 13, wherein the optical perfusion sensing module is configured to generate the electrical signal indicative of a blood oxygen saturation level within a first sample collection period.

19. The system of claim 13, wherein the cardiac signal sensing module is configured to monitor a cardiac signal indicative of electrical activity of a heart of the patient, and wherein the processor is configured to modify a monitoring frequency of the cardiac signal by the cardiac signal sensing module responsive to the perfusion value being within the threshold range of values.

20. The system of claim 13, further comprising a cardiac signal sensing module configured to generate a cardiac signal indicative of electrical activity of a heart of the patient, wherein the processor is configured to control the optical perfusion sensing module based on the cardiac signal.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the processor is configured to detect a cardiac arrhythmia of the heart based on the cardiac signal and activate storage of electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in response to detecting the cardiac arrhythmia.

22. The system of claim 20, wherein the processor is configured to detect a cardiac arrhythmia of the heart based on the cardiac signal and activate sensing by the optical perfusion sensing module in response to detecting the cardiac arrhythmia.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the processor is configured to determine whether the characteristic of the electrical signal was within the threshold range of values prior to the detection of the cardiac arrhythmia and generate an indication if the characteristic of the electrical signal was not within the threshold range of values prior to the detection of the cardiac arrhythmia.

24. The system of claim 20, wherein the cardiac signal sensing module and optical perfusion sensing module are disposed within a common housing.

25. The system of claim 20, wherein the cardiac signal sensing module and optical perfusion sensing module are implanted at different sites within the patient.

26. A system comprising:

means for receiving an electrical signal from an optical perfusion sensing module, wherein the electrical signal is indicative of a blood oxygen saturation level of a patient;

means for determining a perfusion value based on the electrical signal is within a threshold range of values;

means for storing at least one of the electrical signal or the perfusion value;

means for modifying an operation of the optical perfusion sensing module in response to the determination that the perfusion value is within the threshold range of values by the means for determining, wherein the means for modifying modifies the operation of the optical perfusion sensing module by at least, while the optical perfusion sensing module remains powered on, stopping storage of any electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in the means for storing;

means for generating a cardiac signal indicative of electrical activity of a heart of the patient; and

means for controlling an operation of the means for generating a cardiac signal based on the electrical signal generated by the optical perfusion sensing module.

27. The system of claim 26, further comprising means for receiving a cardiac signal of a heart of the patient and controlling the optical perfusion sensing module based on the cardiac signal.

28. The system of claim 26, further comprising:

the optical perfusion sensing module;

means for detecting a cardiac arrhythmia of the heart of the patient based on the cardiac signal; and

means for controlling the optical perfusion sensing module to activate sensing in response to the detection of the cardiac arrhythmia by the means for detecting.

29. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:

receive an electrical signal from an optical perfusion sensing module, wherein the electrical signal is indicative of a blood oxygen saturation level of a patient;

determine a perfusion value based on the electrical signal is within a threshold range of values;

modify an operation of the optical perfusion sensing module in response to determining the perfusion value is within the threshold range of values, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to modify the operation of the optical perfusion sensing module by at least while the optical perfusion sensing module remains powered on, stopping storage of any electrical signals indicative of the blood oxygen saturation level of the patient generated by the optical perfusion sensing module in a memory; and

control an operation of a cardiac signal sensing module based on the electrical signal generated by the optical perfusion sensing module.