Electrical biosensor for detecting a substance in a bodily fluid, and method and system for same

• US 10,060,916 B2
• Filed: 05/19/2016
• Issued: 08/28/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Avails Medical, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Avails Medical, Inc.
• Inventors: Knopfmacher, Oren S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brown, Melanie Yu
• Application Number:
  US15/159,625
• Publication Number:
  US 20160266102A1
• Time in Patent Office: 831 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3278 involving nanosized elements, e.g. nanogaps or nanoparticles nanopores G01N33/48721; magnetic beads G01N27/745
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/4145 specially adapted for biomolecules, e.g. gate electrode with immobilised receptors
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/48792 Data management, e.g. communication with processing unit for in vivo diagnostics A61B5/0002; transmission systems for measured values G08C
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/53 Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54373 involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5438 Electrodes

Abstract

An electrical biosensor for use with a reader is provided and can include an electrical component configured such that the coupling of a targeted substance to a surface of the electrical component changes an electrical characteristic of the electrical component. A protein immobilization structure can be disposed on the surface and can include an array of functionalized structures for interacting with a substance in a sample of a bodily fluid. Each functionalized structure can include a protein capable of binding to a targeted chemical substance or substance in the sample whereby an electrical reading can be obtained by a reader to determine the concentration level of the targeted substance in the sample.

Claims

1. An electrical biosensor for use with a reader to detect a concentration level of a substance in a sample of a bodily fluid, the electrical biosensor comprising:

an electrical component having an electrical characteristic and a surface, the electrical component being configured such that the coupling of the substance to the surface changes the electrical characteristic of the electrical component, the electrical component having first and second electrodes adapted to electrically couple to the reader for obtaining an electrical reading from the electrical component that is a function of the electrical characteristic; and

a protein immobilization structure disposed on the surface of the electrical component and including a high-κ

dielectric ALD layer, nanoparticles that adhere to the high-κ

dielectric ALD layer, and an array of functionalized structures for interacting with the substance, wherein each functionalized structure includes a protein capable of binding to the substance and is bonded to one of the nanoparticles that is adhered to the high-κ

dielectric ALD layer, whereby an electrical reading can be obtained by the reader to determine the concentration level of the substance in the sample of the bodily fluid.

2. The electrical biosensor of claim 1, wherein the electrical component is selected from the group consisting of a transistor, a capacitor, a resistor and an inverter.

3. The electrical biosensor of claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of metal nano-spheres and nano-rods.

4. The electrical biosensor of claim 3, wherein the high-κ

dielectric ALD layer is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide and silicon nitride.

5. The electrical biosensor of claim 1, wherein each functionalized structure comprises a DNA-streptavidin structure that is bonded to each nanoparticle that is adhered to the high-κ

dielectric ALD layer.

6. The electrical biosensor of claim 5, wherein each DNA-streptavidin structure is bonded to biotin that receives the protein capable of binding to the substance.

7. A plurality of the electrical biosensors of claim 1 carried by a disposable strip.