Controlling electrical device based on temperature and voltage

• US 10,067,483 B1
• Filed: 08/28/2014
• Issued: 09/04/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Ho, Ching E., Oliva, Antonietta, Ismail, James S., Dorsey, John G., Cox, Keith, Rohrer, Norman J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hartman, Jr., Ronald D
• Application Number:
  US14/471,164
• Time in Patent Office: 1,468 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4065 Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37245 Breakage tool, failure
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37252 Life of tool, service life, decay, wear estimation
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/37256 Wear, tool wear
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 23/0283 Predictive maintenance, e.g. involving the monitoring of a system and, based on the monitoring results, taking decisions on the maintenance schedule of the monitored system; Estimating remaining useful life [RUL] preventive maintenance, i.e. planning maintenance according to the available resources without monitoring the system G06Q10/06

Abstract

In an embodiment, a lifetime controller is configured to monitor operating conditions for a device, and to control operating conditions based on the previous conditions to improve the reliability characteristics of the device while permitting strenuous use as available. For example, the lifetime controller may permit strenuous use when the device is first powered on. Once a specified amount of strenuous use has occurred, the controller may cause the operating conditions to be reduced to reduce the wear on the device, and thus help to extend the lifetime of the device. Similarly, if a device is used in less strenuous conditions, the controller may accumulate credit which may be expended by permitting the device to operate in more strenuous conditions for a period of time.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

an electrical device operating responsive to a supply voltage during use, wherein the electrical device includes one or more temperature sensors that measure operating temperatures in the electrical device to generate an operating temperature measurement during use;

an acceleration factor generator coupled to receive the operating temperature measurement and a magnitude of the supply voltage, wherein, during use, the acceleration factor generator determines an instantaneous acceleration factor measuring a current acceleration of end of life experienced by the electrical device;

a first controller coupled to receive a difference between a target acceleration factor and the instantaneous acceleration factor, wherein the target acceleration factor is calculated to result in no more than a targeted failure rate over a targeted lifetime, wherein the first controller generates one or more controls to constrain operation of the electrical device responsive to a history of the difference during use; and

a second controller coupled to the first controller and to the electrical device, wherein the second controller constrains the operation of the electrical device during use responsive to the one or more controls from the first controller.

2. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the history is gathered since a most recent reboot of the system.

3. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the history is gathered since an initial boot of the system.

4. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the one or more controls comprise a maximum operating temperature for the electrical device.

5. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first controller accumulates credit responsive to the difference being positive during use, and wherein the first controller permits less constrained operation responsive to the accumulated credit during use.

6. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first controller initializes a credit during boot of the system, and wherein the first controller permits less constrained operation responsive to the credit during use.

7. A method comprising:

detecting one or more operating parameters of an electrical device, wherein an operating temperature of a semiconductor substrate in an integrated circuit within the electrical device is one of the operating parameters;

generating, responsive to the one or more operating parameters, an acceleration factor that represents an acceleration of an end of life of the electrical device with respect to values of the one or more operating parameters at which the electrical device is expected to meet a defined failure rate at a defined end of life;

generating, responsive to the acceleration factor and a target acceleration factor, one or more constraints for operation of the electrical device; and

operating the electrical device within the constraints to preserve the defined end of life.

8. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein a supply voltage magnitude is another one of the operating parameters.

9. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein the acceleration factor and the target acceleration factor are normalized to values of the one or more operating parameters at which the electrical device is operable continuously over its lifetime to meet the defined end of life.

10. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein generating the one or more constraints permit operation at greater than the normalized value responsive to a credit in the constraint generation.

11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the credit is an initial credit loaded at initialization of the electrical device.

12. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein the target acceleration factor is calculated to offset the initial credit.

13. The method as recited in claim 10 further comprising accumulating the credit responsive to operating the electrical device at less than the constraints.

14. A non-transitory computer accessible storage medium storing a plurality of instructions which, when executed by a processor in an electrical device:

receive a difference between a target acceleration factor determined to prevent premature end of life for the electrical device and an instantaneous acceleration factor;

generate one or more constraints for the operation of the electrical device responsive to the difference; and

constrain the operation of the electrical device responsive to the constraints, wherein the constraints permit operation of the electrical circuit above a point at which continuous operation is possible to reach the end of life responsive to a credit accumulated due to the instantaneous acceleration factor being less than the target acceleration factor for one or more previous samples of the instantaneous acceleration factor.

15. The non-transitory computer accessible storage medium as recited in claim 14 wherein the instructions, when executed, load an initial credit during initialization of the electrical system, wherein the initial credit causes generation of constraints that permit operation of the electrical circuit above a point at which continuous operation is possible to reach the end of life.

16. The non-transitory computer accessible storage medium as recited in claim 14 wherein the plurality of instructions, when executed, save state that represents a history of the differences prior to the electrical device shutting down.

17. The non-transitory computer accessible storage medium as recited in claim 14 wherein the plurality of instructions, when executed, generate the instantaneous acceleration factor from one or more operating parameters of the electrical device.

18. A system comprising:

an electrical device operating responsive to a supply voltage during use, wherein the electrical device includes one or more sensors that measure one or more operating parameters in the electrical device during use;

a monitor circuit coupled to receive the one or more operating parameters wherein, during use, the monitor circuit determines an instantaneous acceleration factor measuring a current acceleration of end of life experienced by the electrical device responsive to the one or more operating parameters; and

a controller coupled the monitor circuit, wherein the controller constrains operation of the electrical device responsive to a difference between a target acceleration factor and the instantaneous acceleration factor, wherein the target acceleration factor is calculated to result in no more than a targeted failure rate of the electrical device over a targeted lifetime of the electrical device, wherein the controller constrains operation of the electrical device responsive to a history of the difference during use.

19. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein the history is gathered since a most recent reboot of the system.

20. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein the history is gathered since an initial boot of the system.

21. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein the controller constrains a maximum operating temperature of the electrical device.

22. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein the controller accumulates credit responsive to the difference being positive during use, and wherein the controller permits less constrained operation responsive to the accumulated credit during use.

23. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein the controller initializes a credit during boot of the system, and wherein the controller permits less constrained operation responsive to the credit during use.