Constrained diameter phased array antenna system and methods

• US 10,069,214 B1
• Filed: 08/31/2016
• Issued: 09/04/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Inventors: Hooper, Ralph David, Meagher, Christopher Joseph, Chieh, Jia-Chi
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Graham
• Application Number:
  US15/253,398
• Time in Patent Office: 734 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/065 Patch antenna array
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/205 providing an omnidirectional coverage turnstile aerials H01Q21/26
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/24 Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction circularly polarised patch antennas H01Q9/0428; circularly polarised horns H01Q13/0241; cross-polarised horns H01Q13/0258; polarisation converters H01Q15/242; cross-polarised rear feeds H01Q19/136; crossed polarisation dual antenna H01Q25/001
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence

Abstract

A constrained diameter phased array antenna system involving at least one dielectric superstrate, a generally cylindrical arrangement of antennas in a generally circular array, the arrangement proximate to the at least one dielectric superstrate, and at least one phase shifter coupled with the arrangement in an orientation corresponding to at least one scanning plane, whereby a communication range is increasable.

Claims

1. A constrained diameter phased array antenna system, comprising:

at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate, each tubular shaped dielectric superstrate having approximately the same diameter;

a generally circular array of antennas, the diameter of the circular array being less than the diameter of the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate and being disposed proximate to the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate, wherein the generally circular array comprises a plurality of sectors, each sector comprising a corresponding antenna array, whereby the generally circular array is configured to achieve full azimuth coverage; and

at least one phase shifter coupled to the generally circular array in an orientation corresponding to at least one scanning plane, and

wherein the at least one dielectric superstrate comprises a superstrate lens configured to increase antenna gain and narrow beam width of a sector in the plurality of sectors without significantly increasing the surface area of the corresponding antenna array.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the generally cylindrical arrangement of antennas comprises at least one high-gain omnidirectional antenna.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the generally cylindrical arrangement of antennas comprises at least one dual polarized antenna.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one phase shifter is oriented in a vertical orientation relative to the axis of the circular array.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one phase shifter is oriented in a horizontal orientation relative to the axis of the circular array.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one scanning plane comprises at least one of an elevation plane and an azimuth plane.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate comprises at least one material of a magneto-dielectric material having at least one metallic patch, a magneto-dielectric material having at least one metallic print, a magneto-dielectric material having a periodic metallic print, a ceramic thermoset polymer composite material, an FR-4 dielectric material, a Duroid®

dielectric material, Rogers®

R04003 dielectric material, Rogers®

R04350 dielectric material, a Rogers®

TMM10 dielectric material, or any circuit board material.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a controller operable by way of a set of executable instructions storable in relation to a non-transitory memory device, and

a plurality of sensors configured to determine a detected signal strength in relation to a beam direction.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein providing the generally cylindrical arrangement of antennas comprises providing at least one high-gain omnidirectional antenna.

9. A method of fabricating a constrained diameter phased array antenna system, the method comprising:

providing at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate, each tubular shaped dielectric superstrate having approximately the same diameter;

providing a generally circular array of antennas, the diameter of the circular array being less than the diameter of the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate, wherein the generally circular array is disposed proximate to the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate, and wherein the generally circular array comprises a plurality of sectors, each sector comprising a corresponding antenna array, whereby the generally circular array is configured to achieve full azimuth coverage; and

coupling at least one phase shifter to the generally circular array in an orientation corresponding to at least one scanning plane, and

wherein the at least one dielectric superstrate comprises a superstrate lens configured to increase antenna gain and narrow beam width of a sector in the plurality of sectors without significantly increasing the surface area of the corresponding antenna array.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the generally cylindrical arrangement of antennas comprises providing at least one dual polarized antenna.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the at least one phase shifter comprises orienting the at least one phase shifter in a vertical orientation relative to the at least one tubular shaped superstrate.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the at least one phase shifter comprises orienting the at least one phase shifter in a horizontal orientation relative to the at least one tubular shaped superstrate.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the at least one phase shifter comprises orienting the at least one phase shifter in at least one scanning plane of an elevation plane and an azimuth plane.

15. The method of claim 9,

wherein providing the at least one dielectric superstrate comprises providing the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate with a generally disk shape and a diameter approximating that of the generally cylindrical arrangement, and

wherein providing the at least one tubular shaped dielectric superstrate comprises providing at least one material of a magneto-dielectric material having at least one metallic patch, a magneto-dielectric material having at least one metallic print, a magneto-dielectric material having a periodic metallic print, a ceramic thermoset polymer composite material, an FR-4 dielectric material, a Duroid®

dielectric material, Rogers®

R04003 dielectric material, Rogers®

R04350 dielectric material, a Rogers®

TMM10 dielectric material, and any circuit board material.

16. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

a controller operable by way of a set of executable instructions storable in relation to a non-transitory memory device, and

plurality of sensors configured to determine a signal strength in relation to a beam direction.