Systems and methods for inhibiting spoilage of stored crops

• US 10,076,129 B1
• Filed: 05/12/2017
• Issued: 09/18/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/15/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: JMC Enterprises Incorporated
• Original Assignee: JMC Enterprises Incorporated
• Inventors: Micka, Joel
• Primary Examiner(s): Chorbaji, Monzer R
• Application Number:
  US15/594,523
• Time in Patent Office: 494 Days
• Field of Search: 422 1, 422 28, 422 32, 422 37, 422305, 99467, 99470, 99473-476
• CPC Class Codes: A01F 25/00 Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit maturing fruit A23N15/06; arrangements in barns for preparatory treatment of tobacco A24B1/02; packing or storing hops C12C3/04
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/144 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 3/3409 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 3/34095 Details of apparatus for generating or regenerating gases
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2002/00 Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/50 Air quality properties
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/14 by humidification; by dehumidification
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 8/24 using sterilising media

Abstract

Systems and methods for treating large quantities of potatoes, other tubers, vegetables, produce, and/or other crops are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a crop storage facility configured in accordance with the present technology includes a treatment system configured to distribute a treatment agent configured to inhibit spoilage of the crops. The treatment system can include a combination of two or more chemical compositions configured to release different concentrations of the treatment agent to produce a desired level of the treatment agent in the storage facility.

Claims

1. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler positioned between the inlet and the crop storage area;

an air mover configured to move at least a first portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler; and

a container holding a crop treatment composition, wherein the container receives a second portion of air from the inlet that bypasses the air cooler and flows through the crop treatment composition to produce a crop treatment agent before flowing through the crop storage area, and wherein the crop treatment agent mixes with the first portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area.

2. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the second portion of air flowing through the crop treatment composition is warmer than the first portion of air flowing from the air cooler.

3. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the first portion of air flowing from the air cooler has a first humidity level, and wherein the second portion of air flowing through the crop treatment composition has a second humidity level, lower than the first humidity level.

4. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the crop treatment agent comprises gaseous chlorine dioxide.

5. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the crop treatment composition is a first treatment composition configured to generate a first concentration of the crop treatment agent, and wherein the crop storage facility further comprises:

a second treatment composition configured to generate a second concentration of the crop treatment agent, wherein the second concentration is higher than the first concentration.

6. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the air mover is a first air mover, and wherein the crop storage facility further comprises a second air mover configured to move the second portion of air through the crop treatment composition.

7. The crop storage facility of claim 6, further comprising:

an enclosure containing the second air mover; and

a conduit operably extending between the enclosure and the container, wherein the second air mover moves the second portion of air from the enclosure to the container via the conduit.

8. The crop storage facility of claim 6 wherein the container is a first container and the crop treatment composition is a first treatment composition, and wherein the crop storage facility further comprises:

a second container holding a second treatment composition;

a first conduit operably extending between the first container and the second container;

an enclosure containing the second air mover; and

a second conduit operably extending between the second container and the enclosure, wherein the second air mover moves the second portion of air from the enclosure to the second container via the second conduit, and from the second container to the first container via the first conduit.

9. The crop storage facility of claim 8 wherein the first and second treatment compositions are configured to generate different concentrations of the crop treatment agent.

10. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the crop treatment composition is a first treatment composition, and wherein the crop storage facility further comprises:

an agitator containing a second treatment composition and configured to produce the crop treatment agent, wherein the crop treatment agent produced by the agitator mixes with the first portion of air flowing toward the crop storage area.

11. The crop storage facility of claim 10 wherein the first treatment composition produces the crop treatment agent at a first concentration, and wherein the second treatment composition produces the crop treatment agent at a second concentration greater than the first concentration.

12. The crop storage facility of claim 1, further comprising a variable frequency drive operably coupled to the air mover and configured to adjust an amount of the air moving from the air mover toward the air cooler.

13. The crop storage facility of claim 1 wherein the crop treatment composition includes a mixture of a first crop treatment composition, a second crop treatment composition, and a third crop treatment composition, and wherein the first, second and third crop treatment compositions are mixed in part by the second portion of air flowing therethrough.

14. The crop storage facility of claim 1, further comprising a duct operably coupled to the container and configured to receive the second portion of air that flows through the crop treatment composition.

15. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler;

a first air mover configured to move at least a first portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler;

a container holding a crop treatment composition, wherein the container receives a second portion of air from the inlet that bypasses the air cooler and flows through the crop treatment composition to produce a crop treatment agent, and wherein the crop treatment agent mixes with the first portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area;

a second air mover configured move the second portion air through the crop treatment composition; and

a sensor configured to detect operation of the first air mover, wherein the sensor is configured to transmit a signal to deactivate the second air mover in the absence of detected operation of the first air mover.

16. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler;

an air mover configured to move at least a portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler;

a container including one or more mixing elements and holding a crop treatment composition, wherein at least one of the container or the one or more mixing elements is configured to move relative to the other to agitate the crop treatment composition to produce gaseous chlorine dioxide, wherein the gaseous chlorine dioxide mixes with a portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area;

a plenum extending between the air cooler and the crop storage area, wherein the plenum includes a plurality of openings in a sidewall thereof, and wherein the container is positioned in the plenum; and

a plurality of ducts operably disposed in the crop storage area, wherein each of the ducts is in fluid communication with a corresponding one of the openings in the sidewall of the plenum to receive a portion of the gaseous chlorine dioxide from the container, and wherein each of the ducts includes a plurality of apertures for distributing the gaseous chlorine dioxide to crops stored in the crop storage area.

17. The crop storage facility of claim 16, further comprising an electric motor configured to rotate the container about an axis.

18. The crop storage facility of claim 16 wherein the crop treatment composition includes zeolite and/or sodium chlorite.

19. The crop storage facility of claim 16 wherein the air cooler is an evaporative water cooler.

20. The crop storage facility of claim 16 wherein the crop treatment composition includes zeolite and one or more of citric acid, acetic acid, ferric chloride, or phosphoric acid.

21. The crop storage facility of claim 16, further comprising a variable frequency drive operably connected to the air mover and configured to adjust an amount of air moving from the air mover toward the air cooler.

22. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler;

an air mover configured to move at least a portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler;

a container holding a crop treatment composition configured to produce gaseous chlorine dioxide, wherein the gaseous chlorine dioxide mixes with a portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area;

a variable frequency drive operably connected to the air mover and configured to adjust the flow of air from the air mover to the air cooler;

a sensor configured to sense a concentration of chlorine dioxide; and

a controller in communication with the variable frequency drive and the sensor, wherein the controller is configured to control a speed of the variable frequency drive based on the concentration of the chlorine dioxide sensed by the sensor.

23. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler;

an air mover configured to move at least a portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler;

a rotatable container including one or more mixing elements and holding a crop treatment composition configured to produce gaseous chlorine dioxide, wherein the gaseous chlorine dioxide mixes with a portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area; and

a variable frequency drive operably coupled to the rotatable container and configured to rotate the rotatable container at least at a first speed and a second speed different than the first speed, wherein rotating the rotatable container at the first speed produces a first concentration of chlorine dioxide and rotating the rotatable container at the second speed produces a second concentration of chlorine dioxide different than the first concentration.

24. A crop storage facility comprising:

a crop storage area;

an inlet configured to receive air from outside the crop storage facility;

an air cooler;

an air mover configured to move a portion of air from the inlet toward the air cooler; and

a container including one or more mixing elements and holding a crop treatment composition, wherein at least one of the container or the one or more mixing elements is configured to move relative to the other to agitate the crop treatment composition to produce a crop treatment agent, wherein agitating the crop treatment composition at a first speed produces a first concentration of the crop treatment agent, and agitating the crop treatment composition at a second speed produces a second concentration of the crop treatment agent different than the first concentration, and wherein the crop treatment agent mixes with a portion of air flowing from the air cooler and flows toward the crop storage area.

25. The crop storage facility of claim 24 wherein the crop treatment agent is gaseous chlorine dioxide.