API namespace virtualization

• US 10,089,119 B2
• Filed: 03/03/2010
• Issued: 10/02/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Kishan, Arun, Thirumalai, Karthik, Pletcher, Richard A., Fagan, Bryan W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wathen, Brian W
• Assistant Examiner(s): Yun, Carina
• Application Number:
  US12/716,381
• Publication Number:
  US 20110154378A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,135 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/44521 Dynamic linking or loading; Link editing at or after load time, e.g. Java class loading
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/44536 Selecting among different versions
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4486 Formation of subprogram jump address

Abstract

A computer operating system with a map that relates API namespaces to components that implement an interface contracts for the namespaces. When an API namespace is to be used, a loader within the operating system uses the map to load components based on the map. An application can reference an API namespace in the same way as it references a dynamically linked library, but the implementation of the interface contract for the API namespace is not tied to a single file or to a static collection of files. The map may identify versions of the API namespace or values of runtime parameters that may be used to select appropriate files to implement an interface contract in scenarios that may depend on factors such as hardware in the execution environment, a version of the API namespace against which an application was developed or the application accessing the API namespace.

Claims

1. A method performed on a computing device that includes at least one processor and memory, the method comprising:

receiving, by the computing device from a component that was coded against an interface contract that corresponds to an application programming interface (“

API”

) namespace, a request to load the API namespace that represents a predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract, where the received request includes parameters that identify;

the API namespace, a particular version of the API namespace required by the component, and the component;

identifying, by the computing device based on the parameters and a map, a set of components that implement the predefined collection of functions represented by the particular version of the API namespace, where the interface contract is decoupled from the set of components, where the interface contract defines APIs of the predefined collection of functions, and where the map links the particular version of the API namespace to the set of components that implements the predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract; and

loading the identified set of components.

2. The method of claim 1 the identifying further based on a runtime parameter that indicates a configuration of a runtime environment of the computing device.

3. The method of claim 2 where the runtime parameter comprises an identification of a hardware capability of the computing device.

4. The method of claim 1, where:

the received request is a first request that the API namespace is to be loaded;

the component is a first component;

the loaded set of components comprises a first set of components; and

the method further comprising;

in response to receiving a second request to load the API namespace;

identifying, based on the parameters and the map, a second set of components that implements other functions that fulfill the interface contract; and

loading the identified second set components.

5. The method of claim 4 further comprising:

receiving a call through an interface implemented by the loaded first set of components;

determining, in response to the received call, whether a function is to be implemented according to computer executable instructions in the loaded first set of components according to computer executable instructions in the loaded second set of components; and

executing, in response to the received call, the implemented function.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the set of components comprises a plurality of dynamically linked libraries, and wherein the loading comprises loading the plurality of dynamically linked libraries.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising dynamically modifying the map.

8. At least one computer memory storing computer-executable instructions that, based on execution by at least one computing device, configure the at least one computing device to:

receive, from a component that was coded against an interface contract that corresponds to an application programming interface (“

API”

) namespace, a request to load the API namespace that represents a predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract, where the received request includes parameters that identify;

the API namespace, a particular version of the API namespace required by the component, and the component;

identify, based on the parameters and a map a, a set of components that implement the predefined collection of functions represented by the particular version of the API namespace, where the interface contract is decoupled from the set of components, where the interface contract defines APIs of the predefined collection of functions, and where the map links the particular version of the API namespace to the set of components that implements the predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract; and

load the identified set of components.

9. The at least one computer memory of claim 8, where the map comprises a value for at least one runtime parameter associated with the interface contract.

10. The at least one computer memory of claim 8, where the map is further configured for linking each of a plurality of versions of the API namespace to a respective set of components.

11. The at least one computer memory of claim 8, where the identifying is further based on a current hardware configuration.

12. The at least one computer memory of claim 8, where the map further links at least two interface contracts to a same set of components, and where the identified set of components comprises at least one of a plurality of dynamically linked libraries.

13. The at least one computer memory of claim 8 where the identifying is further based on a current hardware configuration.

14. A computing device comprising:

at least one processor;

memory; and

at least one program module according to which the computing device is configured to;

receive, from a component that was coded against an interface contract that corresponds to an application programming interface (“

API”

) namespace, a request to load the API namespace that represents a predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract, where the received request includes parameters that identify;

the API namespace, a particular version of the API namespace required by the component, and the component;

identify, based on the parameters and a map a, a set of components that implement the predefined collection of functions represented by the particular version of the API namespace, where the interface contract decoupled from the set of components, where the interface contract defines APIs of the predefined collection of functions, and where the map links the particular version of the API narnespace the set of components that implements the predefined collection of functions that fulfill the interface contract; and

load the identified set of components.

15. The computing device of claim 14 further configured to:

execute a first component of the set of components;

determine, based on the executing, that a function is to be performed that is not in the set of components,

request, based on determining that a function is to be performed that is not in the set of components, a second request to load a second API namespace;

identify, based on the map and in response to the second request, a second set of components that implements the function that is not in the set of components and that fulfills an interface contract of the second API namespace; and

load the identified second set of components.

16. The computing device of claim 14 where the map is associated with an operating system of the computing device.

17. The computing device of claim 16, where the map comprises a plurality of linkages that each link a namespace with a set of components, where at least some of the linkages are based on one or more runtime parameters.

18. The computing device of claim 17, where the one or more runtime parameters comprise a hardware capability of the computing device.