HVAC unit with hot gas reheat

• US 10,101,041 B2
• Filed: 10/12/2016
• Issued: 10/16/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 02/11/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Company (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Blanton, Norman J., Wilson, Stephen C., Pickle, Stephen B.
• Primary Examiner(s): VAZQUEZ, ANA M
• Application Number:
  US15/291,970
• Publication Number:
  US 20170030599A1
• Time in Patent Office: 734 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 1/00075 receiving air from a central station
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 1/00077 receiving heat exchange fluid entering and leaving the unit as a liquid
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/61 using timers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/63 Electronic processing
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/64 using pre-stored data
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/65 for selecting an operating mode
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/77 by controlling the speed of ventilators
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/84 using valves
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/86 by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/871 by controlling outdoor fans
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 13/20 Casings or covers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/20 Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2140/12 Heat-exchange fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/183 combined with a hot-water boiler
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/54 Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/044 Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/153 with subsequent heating, i.e. with the air, given the required humidity in the central station, passing a heating element to achieve the required temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/0271 the discharge pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/111 : of condenser fans
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 41/20 : Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves expansion valves F25B41/31
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 47/022 : hot gas defrosting
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 5/02 : arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 7/00 : Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit F25B9/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F25D 17/06 : by forced circulation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 : Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to a single compressor HVAC system with hot gas reheat. The system includes a single compressor, a pair of condensers, a reheat heat exchanger, an evaporator, and an expansion device. Within the system, the refrigerant exiting the compressor is separated into two portions. In the cooling mode, the first and second portions of the refrigerant are directed from the compressor through the two condensers in parallel. In the reheat mode, the first portion of the refrigerant is directed through the first condenser, while the second portion of the refrigerant is directed through the reheat heat exchanger. The system also may include a head pressure control device that is designed to maintain the compressor discharge pressure within a desired range by adjusting the condenser fan speed.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a compressor configured to circulate a refrigerant through a refrigerant circuit;

a first condenser disposed along the refrigerant circuit, wherein the system is configured to direct a first portion of the refrigerant to the first condenser in a first operating mode of the system and in a second operating mode of the system;

a second condenser disposed along the refrigerant circuit, wherein the system is configured to direct a second portion of the refrigerant to the second condenser in the first operating mode, wherein the first condenser and the second condenser are arranged in parallel with respect to a flow of the refrigerant in the first operating mode, and wherein the system is configured to direct the second portion of the refrigerant to bypass the second condenser in the second operating mode;

a reheat heat exchanger disposed along the refrigerant circuit, wherein the system is configured to provide the second portion of the refrigerant to the reheat heat exchanger during the second mode of system operation, wherein the reheat heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat from the second portion of the refrigerant to a conditioned space, wherein the first condenser and the reheat heat exchanger are arranged in parallel with respect to the flow of the refrigerant in the second operating mode, and wherein the system is configured to direct the second portion of the refrigerant to bypass the reheat heat exchanger in the first operating mode;

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the conditioned space;

a humidity sensor configured to measure a humidity of the conditioned space; and

a controller configured to receive feedback from the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, or both, wherein the controller is configured to switch between the first operating mode and the second operating mode based on the feedback.

2. The system of claim 1, comprising a three-way valve electronically coupled to the controller, wherein the three-way valve comprises a first position and a second position, the three-way valve is configured to direct the first portion of the refrigerant toward the first condenser and to direct the second portion of the refrigerant toward the second condenser in the first position, and the three-way valve is configured to direct the first portion of the refrigerant toward the first condenser and to direct the second portion of the refrigerant toward the reheat heat exchanger in the second position.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to adjust a position of the three-way valve to switch between the first position and the second position.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to store a temperature threshold, and wherein the controller is configured to operate the system in the first operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the temperature threshold.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller is configured to store a humidity threshold, and wherein the controller is configured to operate the system in the second operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is less than or equal to the temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is greater than the humidity threshold.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to store an additional temperature threshold greater than the temperature threshold, and wherein the controller is configured to operate the system in the first operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the additional temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is greater than the humidity threshold.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to receive the temperature threshold, the humidity threshold, the additional temperature threshold, or any combination thereof, from a thermostat.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the humidity sensor is a dehumidistat.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first operating mode of the system is a cooling mode and the second operating mode of the system is a reheat mode.

10. A method, comprising:

circulating a refrigerant within a first refrigerant circuit through a compressor, from the compressor to a first condenser and a second condenser in parallel, from the first condenser and the second condenser to an expansion device, and from the expansion device to an evaporator in a first operating mode;

circulating the refrigerant within a second refrigerant circuit through the compressor, from the compressor to the first condenser and a reheat heat exchanger in parallel, from the first condenser and the reheat heat exchanger to the expansion device, and from the expansion device to the evaporator in a second operating mode;

detecting a temperature of a conditioned space using a temperature sensor;

detecting a humidity of the conditioned space using a humidity sensor; and

selectively switching between the first operating mode and the second operating mode based at least on the temperature and the humidity of the conditioned space.

11. The method of claim 10, comprising comparing the temperature of the conditioned space to a temperature threshold and operating the first refrigerant circuit in the first operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the temperature threshold.

12. The method of claim 11, comprising comparing the humidity of the conditioned space to a humidity threshold and operating the second refrigerant circuit in the second operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is less than or equal to the temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is greater than the humidity threshold.

13. The method of claim 12, comprising comparing the temperature of the conditioned space to an additional temperature threshold greater than the temperature threshold and operating the first refrigerant circuit in the first operating mode when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the additional temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is less than or equal to the humidity threshold.

14. The method of claim 13, comprising receiving the temperature threshold, the humidity threshold, the additional temperature threshold, or any combination thereof from a thermostat.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein selectively switching between the first operating mode and the second operating mode comprises adjusting a position of a three-way valve disposed along the first and second refrigerant circuits.

16. The method of claim 15, comprising:

opening a first valve of a refrigerant recovery circuit positioned downstream of the second condenser and upstream of the compressor when switching from the first operating mode and the second operating mode; and

opening a second valve of the refrigerant recovery circuit positioned downstream of the reheat heat exchanger and upstream of the compressor when switching from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

17. One or more tangible, non-transitory machine-readable media comprising processor-executable instructions to:

receive one or more inputs indicative of a temperature of a conditioned space, a humidity of the conditioned space, or both; and

send a signal to a three-way valve of a refrigerant circuit to switch between a first position and a second position based at least on the inputs; and

wherein the first position corresponds to a first operating mode of the refrigerant circuit, wherein a refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit is configured to circulate through a compressor, from the compressor to a first condenser and a second condenser in parallel, from the first condenser and the second condenser to an expansion device, and from the expansion device to an evaporator in the first operating mode of the refrigerant circuit, and wherein the second position corresponds to a second operating mode of the refrigerant circuit, and wherein the refrigerant is configured to circulate through the compressor, from the compressor to the first condenser and a reheat heat exchanger in parallel instead of to the first condenser and the second condenser in parallel, from the first condenser and the reheat heat exchanger to the expansion device, and from the expansion device to the evaporator in the second operating mode of the refrigerant circuit.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the processor-executable instructions are configured to compare the temperature of the conditioned space to a temperature threshold and switch the three-way valve to the first position when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the temperature threshold.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the processor-executable instructions are configured to compare the humidity of the conditioned space to a humidity threshold and switch the three-way valve to the second position when the temperature of the conditioned space is less than or equal to the temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is greater than the humidity threshold.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the processor-executable instructions are configured to compare the temperature of the conditioned space to an additional temperature threshold, greater than the temperature threshold, and switch the three-way valve to the first position when the temperature of the conditioned space is greater than the additional temperature threshold and when the humidity of the conditioned space is less than or equal to the humidity threshold.