Spectral analysis with spectrum deconvolution
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method comprising:
- transmitting electromagnetic radiation through a fluid, the electromagnetic radiation including x-ray or gamma radiation;
receiving a portion of the electromagnetic radiation at a detector; and
analyzing the fluid based on the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received at the detector, wherein analyzing the fluid includes;
measuring the energy spectrum of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector;
using, via a processor, the measured energy spectrum and a physical model of detector response to electromagnetic radiation to infer incident count rates for discrete energy levels of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector, wherein;
the physical model includes a detector response function that is based on physical characteristics of the detector and on a component response function for each of multiple components of a detection chain for the detector that relates inputs at each of the multiple components to corresponding outputs;
the multiple components of the detection chain include a first component and a second component that receives an output from the first component; and
the component response function for each of the multiple components of the detection chain includes a first component response function that relates an input at the first component to the output from the first component and a second component response function that relates the output from the first component, as an input to the second component, to an output from the second component; and
characterizing a physical attribute of the fluid based on the inferred incident count rates.
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Abstract
A method for inferring incident count rates of electromagnetic energy at a detector is provided. In one embodiment, the method includes transmitting electromagnetic radiation through a fluid and receiving a portion of the electromagnetic radiation at a detector. The method also includes measuring the energy spectrum of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector and using the measured energy spectrum and a physical model of detector response to electromagnetic radiation to infer incident count rates for discrete energy levels of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.
42 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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transmitting electromagnetic radiation through a fluid, the electromagnetic radiation including x-ray or gamma radiation; receiving a portion of the electromagnetic radiation at a detector; and analyzing the fluid based on the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received at the detector, wherein analyzing the fluid includes; measuring the energy spectrum of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector; using, via a processor, the measured energy spectrum and a physical model of detector response to electromagnetic radiation to infer incident count rates for discrete energy levels of the portion of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector, wherein;
the physical model includes a detector response function that is based on physical characteristics of the detector and on a component response function for each of multiple components of a detection chain for the detector that relates inputs at each of the multiple components to corresponding outputs;
the multiple components of the detection chain include a first component and a second component that receives an output from the first component; and
the component response function for each of the multiple components of the detection chain includes a first component response function that relates an input at the first component to the output from the first component and a second component response function that relates the output from the first component, as an input to the second component, to an output from the second component; andcharacterizing a physical attribute of the fluid based on the inferred incident count rates. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An apparatus comprising:
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a detector of electromagnetic radiation including x-rays or gamma rays the detector including a detection chain having a first component and a second component, wherein the second component is connected to receive an output from the first component as an input to the second component; a multi-channel analyzer configured to measure an energy spectrum of electromagnetic radiation received by the detector; and a controller configured to analyze, via a processor, a fluid through which the electromagnetic radiation is passed from an emitter to the detector, wherein such analysis includes deconvolving the measured energy spectrum using a physical model representative of the response of the detector to characterize the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector, the physical model representative of the response of the detector is based on physical characteristics of the detector and includes a component response function for each of multiple components of the detection chain for the detector, and the component response function for each of the multiple components of the detection chain includes a first component response function that relates an input at the first component to the output from the first component and a second component response function that relates the output from the first component, as the input to the second component, to an output from the second component. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method comprising:
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emitting x-ray or gamma radiation into a fluid; receiving photons of the x-ray or gamma radiation having different energies at a detector; and analyzing, via a processor, the fluid based on the photons received at the detector, wherein analyzing the fluid includes; measuring an energy spectrum of the photons; using multiple monoenergetic response functions based on physical characteristics of the detector to derive spectral components of the energy spectrum for multiple energy levels of the photons; measuring count rates for at least two energy levels of the received photons based on the derived spectral components, wherein measuring the count rates for the at least two energy levels of the received photons based on the derived spectral components includes inferring the count rates through comparing the measured energy spectrum with a physical model of detector response to electromagnetic radiation that includes response functions for multiple components of a detection chain of the detector, wherein;
the multiple components of the detection chain include a first component and a second component that receives an output from the first component;
the response functions for the multiple components of the detection chain include the multiple monoenergetic response functions;
the multiple monoenergetic response functions relate an input at the first component to the output from the first component; and
the response functions for the multiple components of the detection chain include a second component response function that relates the output from the first component, as an input to the second component, to an output from the second component; andcharacterizing a physical attribute of the fluid based on the measured count rates. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17)
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18. A multiphase flow meter comprising:
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a fluid conduit; an emitter and a detector of electromagnetic radiation including x-rays or gamma rays, the emitter and the detector arranged with respect to the fluid conduit so as to enable the detector to receive photons transmitted from the emitter through a fluid within the fluid conduit, wherein the detector includes a detection chain having a scintillator, a photomultiplier tube, and an amplifier; a multi-channel analyzer coupled to the detector to receive electrical signals from the amplifier and output a measured energy spectrum of the photons received by the detector; and a flow computer encoded with a response model for the detector, the response model based on physical characteristics of the emitter and the detector, wherein the response model includes response functions for multiple components of the detection chain of the detector and the response functions include a response function for the scintillator, a response function for the photomultiplier tube, and a response function for the amplifier; and
wherein the flow computer is operable to analyze the fluid, such analysis including comparing the measured energy spectrum with the response model to infer count rates for the photons received by the detector and characterizing a physical attribute of the fluid based on the inferred count rates. - View Dependent Claims (19)
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Specification