Bad sector repair method and apparatus

• US 10,127,099 B2
• Filed: 02/29/2016
• Issued: 11/13/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/27/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (Huawei Investment & Holding Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (Huawei Investment & Holding Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Zhou, Meng, Li, Yan, Zhou, Jianhua
• Primary Examiner(s): Bonzo, Bryce P
• Assistant Examiner(s): Amoroso, Anthony J
• Application Number:
  US15/056,402
• Publication Number:
  US 20160179609A1
• Time in Patent Office: 988 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/0727 in a storage system, e.g. in a DASD or network based storage system drivers for digital recording or reproducing units G06F3/06; circuits for error detection or correction within digital recording or reproducing units G11B20/18; for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS], H04L67/1097
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/0751 Error or fault detection not based on redundancy power supply failures G06F1/30; network fault management H04L41/06
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/079 Root cause analysis, i.e. error or fault diagnosis in a hardware test environment G06F11/22; in a software test environment G06F11/36
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/0793 Remedial or corrective actions recovery from an exception in an instruction pipeline G06F9/3861; by retry G06F11/1402; for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity H04L69/40
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/10 Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/16 Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0246 in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/1024 Latency reduction
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/1032 Reliability improvement, data loss prevention, degraded operation etc
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/7203 Temporary buffering, e.g. using volatile buffer or dedicated buffer blocks
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/7209 Validity control, e.g. using flags, time stamps or sequence numbers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0617 in relation to availability
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0653 Monitoring storage devices or systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0659 Command handling arrangements, e.g. command buffers, queues, command scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0679 Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 29/44 Indication or identification of errors, e.g. for repair
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 29/82 for EEPROMs
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 7/00 Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store G11C5/00 takes precedence; auxiliary circuits for stores using semiconductor devices G11C11/4063, G11C11/413

Abstract

A bad sector repair method includes receiving a first write operation instruction sent by a host, reading data of a physical page including the first sector according to a logical block address (LBA) of a first sector included in the first write operation instruction, allocating storage space with a same size as the physical page in a cache and setting data in the storage space to preset data when reading the data of the physical page fails, updating preset data of a storage area corresponding to the first sector and in the storage space with data that needs to be written to the first sector, and writing data in the storage space to the physical page to repair the first sector.

Claims

1. A bad sector repair method, comprising:

receiving, by a solid state disk (SSD), a first write operation instruction from a host, the first write operation instruction comprising a logical block address (LBA) of a first sector and data that needs to be written to the first sector;

reading, according to the LBA of the first sector, data of a physical page in which the first sector is located;

allocating, in a cache, storage space with a same size as the physical page, wherein the cache is a volatile memory;

writing preset data from the host into the storage space allocated in the cache in response to when reading the data of the physical page fails, the storage space comprising at least two storage areas, and each of the storage areas corresponding to a sector of the physical page;

updating, according to the LBA of the first sector, preset data that is of a storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector; and

writing the updated data in the storage space to a flash memory of the SSD to repair the first sector.

2. The bad sector repair method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

setting a flag of each storage area in the storage space to a first flag after allocating, in the cache, storage space with the same size as the physical page, the first flag indicating that data in the storage area is invalid data;

setting the flag of the storage area corresponding to the first sector to a second flag after updating, according to the LBA of the first sector, preset data of the storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector, the second flag indicating that data in the storage area is valid data; and

writing the flag of each storage area in the storage space to redundant space of the SSD after updating, according to the LBA of the first sector, preset data of the storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector.

3. The bad sector repair method of claim 2, wherein after writing data in the storage space to the flash memory of the SSD according to the address of the physical page, the method further comprises:

receiving a second write operation instruction from the host, the second write operation instruction comprising an LBA of a second sector in the physical page and data that needs to be written to the second sector;

reading the data of the physical page and a flag of each sector in the physical page into the cache according to the LBA of the second sector;

updating preset data of the second sector with the data that needs to be written to the second sector according to the LBA of the second sector;

setting a flag of the second sector to the second flag; and

writing updated data of the physical page and the flag of each sector in the physical page to the flash memory of the SSD to repair the second sector, the flag of each sector in the physical page being written to the redundant space of the SSD.

4. The bad sector repair method of claim 2, further comprising:

receiving a read operation instruction from the host, the read operation instruction comprising an LBA of a to-be-read sector;

acquiring a flag of the to-be-read sector according to the LBA of the to-be-read sector; and

sending a response message to the host When the flag of the to-be-read sector is the first flag, the response message notifying the host that data of the sector is invalid data.

5. The bad sector repair method of claim 4, further comprising:

reading the data of the sector when the flag of the to-be-read sector is the second flag; and

sending the data of the sector to the host.

6. A bad sector repair apparatus, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a first write operation instruction from a host, the first write operation instruction comprising a logical block address (LBA) of a first sector and data that needs to be written to the first sector;

a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to;

read, according to the LBA of the first sector that is obtained by the receiver, data of a physical page in which the first sector is located;

allocate, in a cache, storage space with a same size as the physical page, wherein the cache is a volatile memory;

write preset data from the host into the storage space allocated in the cache in response to when reading the data of the physical page fails, the storage space comprising at least two storage areas, and each of the storage areas corresponding to a sector of the physical page;

update, according to the LBA of the first sector obtained by the receiver, preset data that is of a storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector; and

write the updated data in the storage space to a flash memory of a solid state disk (SSD) to repair the first sector.

7. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to:

set a flag of each storage area in the storage space to a first flag after allocating, in the cache, storage space with a same size as the physical page, the first flag indicating that data in the storage area is invalid data;

set the flag of the storage area corresponding to the first sector to a second flag after updating, according to the LBA of the first sector, the preset data that is of the storage area corresponding to the first sector and in the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector, the second flag indicating that data in the storage area is valid data; and

write the flag of each storage area in the storage space to redundant space of the SSD.

8. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 7, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a second write operation instruction from the host after the processor writes the data in the storage space to the flash memory of the SSD according to the address of the physical page, the second write operation instruction comprising an LBA of a second sector in the physical page and data that needs to be written to the second sector, and the processor being further configured to:

read the data of the physical page and a flag of each sector in the physical page into the cache according to the LBA of the second sector that is obtained by the receiver;

update preset data of the second sector with the data that needs to be written to the second sector according to the LBA of the second sector that is obtained by the receiving module;

set a flag of the second sector to the second flag; and

write updated data of the physical page and the flag of each sector in the physical page to the flash memory of the SSD to complete repair on the second sector, the flag of each sector in the physical page being written to the redundant space of the SSD.

9. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 7, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a read operation instruction from the host, the read operation instruction comprising an LBA of a to-be-read sector, and the processor being further configured to:

acquire a flag of the to-be-read sector according to the IBA of the to-be-read sector that is obtained by the receiver; and

send a response message to the host when the flag of the to-be-read sector that is obtained is the first flag, the response message notifying the host that data of the sector is invalid data.

10. The bad sector repair apparatus of to claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to:

read the data of the sector when the flag of the to-be-read sector that is obtained is the second flag; and

send the data of the sector to the host.

11. A bad sector repair apparatus, comprising:

a bus interface configured to receive a first write operation instruction from a host, the first write operation instruction including a logical block address (LBA) of a first sector and data that needs to be written to the first sector; and

a processor coupled to the bus interface and configured to;

receive the first write operation instruction from the host, the first write operation instruction comprising the LBA of the first sector and data that needs to be written to the first sector;

read, according to the LBA of the first sector, data of a physical page in which the first sector is located;

allocate, in a cache, storage space with a same size as the physical page, wherein the cache is a volatile memory;

write preset data from the host into the storage space allocated in the cache in response to when reading the data of the physical page fails, the storage space comprising at least two storage areas, and each of the storage areas corresponding to a sector of the physical page;

update, according to the LBA of the first sector, preset data that is of the storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector; and

write the updated data in the storage space to a flash memory of a solid state disk (SSD) to repair the first sector.

12. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

set a flag of each storage area in the storage space to a first flag after allocating, in the cache, storage space with the same size as the physical page, the first flag indicating data in the storage area is invalid data; and

set the flag of the storage area corresponding to the first sector to a second flag after the processor updates, according to the LBA of the first sector, preset data of a storage area corresponding to the first sector and within the storage space with the data that needs to be written to the first sector, the second flag indicating that data in the storage area is valid data; and

write the flag of each storage area in the storage space to redundant space of the SSD.

13. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive a second write operation instruction from the host after writing data in the storage space to the flash memory of the SSD according to an address of the physical page, the second write operation instruction comprising an LBA of a second sector in the physical page and data that needs to be written to the second sector;

read the data of the physical page and a flag of each sector in the physical page into the cache according to the LBA of the second sector;

update preset data of the second sector with the data that needs to be written to the second sector according to the LBA of the second sector;

set a flag of the second sector to the second flag; and

write updated data of the physical page and the flag of each sector in the physical page to the flash memory of the SSD to repair the second sector, the flag of each sector in the physical page being written to the redundant space of the SSD.

14. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive a read operation instruction from the host, the read operation instruction comprising an LBA of a to-be-read sector;

acquire a flag of the to-be-read sector according to the LBA of the to-be-read sector; and

send a response message to the host when the flag of the to-be-read sector is the first flag, the response message notifying the host that data of the sector is invalid data.

15. The bad sector repair apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

read the data of the sector when the flag of the to-be-read sector is the second flag; and

send the data of the sector to the host.