Transmission medium having multiple cores and methods for use therewith

• US 10,128,553 B2
• Filed: 01/02/2018
• Issued: 11/13/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Henry, Paul Shala, Taylor, William Scott, Bennett, Robert, Barzegar, Farhad, Gerszberg, Irwin, Barnickel, Donald J., Willis, III, Thomas M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Khai
• Application Number:
  US15/859,985
• Publication Number:
  US 20180123205A1
• Time in Patent Office: 315 Days
• Field of Search: 375256, 375257, 356301, 333 4, 333 5, 333238
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/06 Coaxial lines
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/16 Dielectric waveguides, i.e. without a longitudinal conductor
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5425 improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5487 cables
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/32 Reducing cross-talk, e.g. by compensating
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/54 Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/56 Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals

Abstract

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a transmission medium for propagating electromagnetic waves. The transmission medium can include a plurality of cores for selectively guiding an electromagnetic wave of a plurality of electromagnetic waves longitudinally along each core, and a shell surrounding at least a portion of each core for reducing exposure of the electromagnetic wave of each core. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Claims

1. A transmission medium, comprising:

a plurality of cables bundled together, different cables of the plurality of cables comprising a differing number of cores, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables reduce cross-talk between the plurality of cables; and

a material surrounding at least a portion of the differing number of cores of each cable of the plurality of cables, wherein an electromagnetic wave propagating on a cable of the plurality of cables has an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the material, wherein the electromagnetic wave has a non-optical frequency range, and wherein the material reduces exposure of the electromagnetic wave to an environment.

2. The transmission medium of claim 1, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables comprise a conductor having an insulation layer disposed between the conductor and the material.

3. The transmission medium of claim 2, wherein the insulation layer has a first dielectric constant, wherein the material has a second dielectric constant, and wherein the first dielectric constant exceeds the second dielectric constant.

4. The transmission medium of claim 2, wherein the insulation layer comprises a high density dielectric material, and wherein the material comprises a dielectric foam.

5. The transmission medium of claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic wave is bound to the insulation layer.

6. The transmission medium of claim 1, wherein the material disposed on each core of the plurality of cables is a dielectric layer.

7. The transmission medium of claim 1, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables comprise an uninsulated conductor.

8. The transmission medium of claim 7, wherein the material is disposed on an outer surface of the uninsulated conductor, and wherein the electromagnetic wave has a fundamental guided wave mode bound to the uninsulated conductor.

9. The transmission medium of claim 1, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables comprise a non-conducting core, wherein a first portion of fields emitted by the electromagnetic wave is confined to the non-conducting core, and wherein a second portion of the fields is confined to the material.

10. The transmission medium of claim 9, wherein the non-conducting core comprises a dielectric core.

11. The transmission medium of claim 10, wherein the dielectric core has a first dielectric constant, wherein the material has a second dielectric constant, and wherein the first dielectric constant exceeds the second dielectric constant.

12. The transmission medium of claim 1, further comprising a cover that surrounds an outer surface of the material to prevent exposure of the electromagnetic wave, and wherein the cover comprises a dielectric material.

13. The transmission medium of claim 12, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables are optically opaque, thereby restricting a propagation of light waves in each core.

14. The transmission medium of claim 1, further comprising a carbon material that absorbs a portion of the electromagnetic wave to prevent the cross-talk between the plurality of cables.

15. A method, comprising:

receiving, by a transmission medium, a plurality of signals supplied by a plurality of launchers, wherein each signal of the plurality of signals conveys different data, and wherein the transmission medium comprises a plurality of cables, different cables of the plurality of cables comprising a differing number of cores, wherein each core of the differing number of cores is surrounded at least in part by a covering, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables reduce cross-talk between the differing number of cores; and

selectively coupling, by the transmission medium, to each signal of the plurality of signals to generate a guided electromagnetic wave at each core of the differing number of cores, each guided electromagnetic wave having an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the covering, wherein the guided electromagnetic wave propagating at each core of the differing number of cores has a non-optical frequency range, and wherein the covering of each core of the differing number of cores reduces exposure of the guided electromagnetic wave propagating at each core.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the covering comprises a dielectric foam disposed on an outer surface of each core, and wherein each core of the differing number of cores is opaque, thereby restricting a propagation of light waves in each core.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein each core of the differing number of cores comprises a conductor, and the covering comprises an insulation layer over each core, and wherein the guided electromagnetic wave coupled to each core is bound to the insulation layer.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein each core of the differing number of cores comprises an uninsulated conductor, and wherein the guided electromagnetic wave coupled to each core is bound to the uninsulated conductor.

19. A plurality of cables, comprising:

a differing number of cores in different cables of the plurality of cables, wherein the differing number of cores of the different cables reduce cross-talk between the plurality of cables; and

a covering surrounding at least a portion of each core of the differing number of cores, wherein each core is configured to enable one of a plurality of electromagnetic waves to be bound to each core rather than the covering, wherein the plurality of electromagnetic waves has an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the covering, wherein each core is configured to have a reduced propagation loss for electromagnetic waves, wherein the plurality of electromagnetic waves has a non-optical frequency range, and wherein the covering reduces exposure of the plurality of electromagnetic waves.

20. The plurality of cables of claim 19, wherein each core of the differing number of cores comprises an antenna for radiating a signal.