Method and apparatus for autonomic nervous system sensitivity-point testing

• US 10,130,275 B2
• Filed: 06/13/2013
• Issued: 11/20/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: DyAnsys, Inc.
• Original Assignee: DyAnsys, Inc.
• Inventors: Nageshwar, Srini
• Primary Examiner(s): Kremer, Matthew
• Application Number:
  US13/916,944
• Publication Number:
  US 20140371621A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,986 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0533 Measuring galvanic skin response
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/24 Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4035 Evaluating the autonomic nervous system

Abstract

A method for autonomic nervous system sensitivity-point testing on a skin of a patient is described. The method includes generating an electrotherapy signal that stimulates a vagal response of an autonomic nervous system of the patient when the patient is tested. The method further includes providing an electrically conductive tip that electrically contacts but does not puncture the skin when the patient is tested and coupling the electrotherapy signal to the electrically conductive tip.

Claims

1. A method for autonomic nervous system sensitivity-point testing on a skin of a patient, the method comprising:

generating an electrotherapy signal that stimulates a vagal response of an autonomic nervous system of the patient when the patient is tested;

providing an electrically conductive tip that electrically contacts but does not puncture the skin when the patient is tested;

coupling the electrotherapy signal to the electrically conductive tip;

applying the electrotherapy signal to a first portion of the skin with the electrically conductive tip;

applying an electrode to a second portion of the skin, the electrode providing a return signal path for the electrotherapy signal;

measuring a first sympathovagal balance of the patient based on the electrotherapy signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode, wherein the first sympathovagal balance of the patient is associated with an arrow on a balance trajectory;

wherein the balance trajectory projecting on an abscissa running from smaller numbers to larger numbers such that movement of the balance trajectory toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa corresponds to the vagal response, while movement of the balance trajectory toward the larger numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a sympathetic response; and

determining a response outcome based on the arrow on the balance trajectory of the patient, wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is suitable for electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance moves towards the smaller numbers along the abscissa when the electrotherapy signal is passed through the patient, and wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is unsuitable for the electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance does not move towards smaller numbers along the abscissa, when the electrotherapy signal is passed through the patient.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein generating the electrotherapy signal includes wirelessly setting a characteristic of the electrotherapy signal.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, an amplitude, a pulse shape, and a duty cycle.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein providing an electrically conductive tip further comprising:

generating an electrical resistance-measuring signal; and

coupling the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

choosing the first portion of the skin of the patient.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

choosing a third portion of the skin of the patient abutting the first portion of the skin when the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is unsuitable for the electrotherapy; and

applying the electrotherapy signal to the third portion of the skin; and

measuring the first sympathovagal balance with the electrotherapy signal applied to the third portion of the skin.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein choosing the first portion of the skin includes obtaining a preliminary location of the first portion of the skin from a graphical user interface coupled to a computer executing a program responsive to a symptom of the patient.

8. The method of claim 5 wherein the first portion of the skin is located on an ear of the patient.

9. The method of claim 5 wherein the electrode providing the return signal path for the electrotherapy signal thereby enables a gloved medical practitioner to facilitate applying the electrotherapy signal.

10. The method of claim 5 wherein measuring the first sympathovagal balance includes:

coupling an autonomic nervous system monitor to the patient; and

analyzing a state of the autonomic nervous system of the patient from a time-varying signal representing a chaotic series of time intervals between quasi-periodical events produced by a cardiac system of the patient.

11. The method of claim 5 further comprising inserting an electrotherapy needle at the first portion of the skin when the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is suitable for the electrotherapy.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

measuring after inserting the electrotherapy needle at the first portion of the skin, a second sympathovagal balance of the patient, wherein the second sympathovagal balance of the patient is associated with a second arrow on the balance trajectory; and

determining a reversal outcome based on the second arrow on the second sympathovagal balance;

wherein the reversal outcome equates to a larger number of the abscissa of the balance trajectory than obtained on the first sympathovagal balance, when the second sympathovagal balance reverses in comparison to the first sympathovagal balance; and

wherein the reversal outcome equates to a smaller number of the abscissa of the balance trajectory than obtained on the first sympathovagal balance, when the second sympathovagal balance does not reverse in comparison to the first sympathovagal balance.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

removing the electrotherapy needle from the first portion of the skin, wherein the reversal outcome is an arrow pointing to a negative direction on the abscissa, wherein the negative direction points to negative numbers;

choosing a third portion of the skin of the patient abutting the first portion of the skin;

inserting the electrotherapy needle at the third portion of the skin; and

measuring the second sympathovagal balance with the electrotherapy needle at the third portion of the skin.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

determining a number of inserted electrotherapy needles when the reversal outcome equates to the larger number of the abscissa of the balance trajectory;

and

finishing the testing when the number of inserted electrotherapy needles is equal to a predetermined number of electrotherapy needles.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the predetermined number of electrotherapy needles is equal to three.

16. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

generating an electrical resistance-measuring signal;

coupling the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip;

applying the electrical resistance-measuring signal to a first tested portion of the skin with the electrically conductive tip;

measuring an electrical resistance at the first tested portion of the skin;

providing an indication responsive to a value of the electrical resistance;

iteratively moving the electrically conductive tip in response to the indication to selectively find an optimal location of the skin in a vicinity of the first tested portion of the skin, wherein the location has a lower resistance than the resistance at the first tested portion of the skin; and

choosing the first portion of the skin as the location having a lower resistance.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein applying the resistance-measuring signal includes applying the electrode to a third portion of the skin, the electrode being a return signal path for the resistance-measuring signal.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein applying the electrotherapy signal includes switching an electrical probe including the electrically conductive tip and the electrode from a resistance-measuring mode to an autonomic nervous system mode.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the vagal response is a response toward pain relief.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the sympathetic response is a response toward more pain.

21. An electrical system for autonomic nervous system sensitivity-point testing on a skin of a patient, the electrical system comprising:

a stimulator apparatus, including;

a circuit configured to generate an electrotherapy signal that stimulates a response of an autonomic nervous system of the patient when the patient is tested;

an electrically conductive tip configured to electrically contact but not puncture a first portion of the skin when the patient is tested, wherein the electrotherapy signal is coupled to the electrically conductive tip; and

an electrode configured to be applied to a second portion of the skin, the electrode configured to provide a return signal path for the electrotherapy signal to facilitate measurement of a first sympathovagal balance of the patient based on the electrotherapy signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode; and

a computing apparatus, including processing circuitry configured to;

measure the first sympathovagal balance of the patient based on the electrotherapy signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode, wherein the first sympathovagal balance of the patient is associated with an arrow on a balance trajectory, the balance trajectory projecting on an abscissa running from smaller numbers to larger numbers such that movement of the balance trajectory toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a vagal response, while movement of the balance trajectory toward the larger numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a sympathetic response; and

determining a response outcome based on the arrow on the balance trajectory of the patient, wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is suitable for electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance moves towards the smaller numbers along the abscissa when the electrotherapy signal is passed through the patient, and wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is unsuitable for the electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance does not move towards the smaller numbers along the abscissa, when the electrotherapy signal is passed through the patient.

22. The electrical system of claim 21 wherein the electrode being configured to provide the return signal path for the electrotherapy signal thereby enables a gloved medical practitioner to facilitate applying the electrotherapy signal to the patient.

23. The electrical system of claim 21 wherein the circuit includes:

a wireless radio transceiver; and

a control circuit adapted to set a characteristic of the electrotherapy signal, the characteristic received by an input of the wireless transceiver.

24. The electrical system of claim 23 wherein the wireless radio transceiver operates on a transmission standard.

25. The electrical system of claim 23 wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, an amplitude, a pulse shape, and a duty cycle.

26. The electrical system of claim 21 wherein the circuit is further adapted to generate an electrical resistance-measuring signal, wherein the electrical resistance-measuring signal is coupled to the electrically conductive tip responsive to a switch position that selectively couples the electrotherapy signal or the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip.

27. The electrical system of claim 26 wherein the electrode is further configured to provide a return signal path for the electrical resistance-measuring signal.

28. The electrical system of claim 26 further comprising an indicator responsive to a value of electrical resistance measured by the circuit.

29. The electrical system of claim 28 wherein the indicator is selected from the group consisting of a visual indicator, a sonic indicator, and a vibrational indicator.

30. An electrical testing system, comprising:

a stimulator apparatus, including;

a battery;

a circuit configured to generate a periodic signal in time;

an electrically conductive tip configured to electrically contact but not puncture a first portion of a surface when the surface is tested, wherein the periodic signal is coupled to the electrically conductive tip;

an electrode configured to be applied to a second portion of the surface, the electrode being configured to provide a return signal path for the periodic signal to facilitate measurement of a first sympathovagal balance of a patient based on the periodic signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode; and

a computing apparatus, including processing circuitry configured to;

measure the first sympathovagal balance of the patient based on the periodic signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode, wherein the first sympathovagal balance of the patient is associated with an arrow on a balance trajectory;

the balance trajectory projecting on an abscissa running from smaller numbers to larger numbers such that movement of the balance trajectory toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a vagal response, while movement of the balance trajectory toward the larger numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a sympathetic response; and

determine a response outcome based on the arrow on the balance trajectory of the patient, wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the surface is suitable for electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance moves towards smaller-numbers along the abscissa when the periodic signal is passed through the patient, and wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the surface is unsuitable for the electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance does not move toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa, when the periodic signal is passed through the patient.

31. The electrical testing system of claim 30 wherein the electrode being configured to provide the return signal path for the periodic signal thereby enables a gloved tester to facilitate applying the periodic signal to the first portion of the surface when the surface is tested.

32. The electrical testing system of claim 30, wherein the stimulator apparatus further includes a housing having an insulating surface and at least a first orifice in the insulating surface, the electrically conductive tip adapted to protrude outside the housing through the first orifice, the housing enclosing the battery and the circuit, the housing having a shape being adapted to be handheld when the surface is tested.

33. The electrical testing system of claim 32, wherein the housing is adapted to hermetically seal the stimulator apparatus.

34. The electrical testing system of claim 30 wherein the circuit includes:

a wireless radio transceiver; and

a control circuit adapted to set a characteristic of the periodic signal, the characteristic received by an input of the wireless transceiver.

35. The electrical testing system of claim 34 wherein the wireless radio transceiver operates on a transmission standard.

36. The electrical testing system of claim 34 wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, an amplitude, a pulse shape, and a duty cycle.

37. The electrical testing system of claim 30 wherein the circuit is further adapted to generate an electrical resistance-measuring signal, wherein the electrical resistance-measuring signal is coupled to the electrically conductive tip responsive to a switch position that selectively couples the periodic signal or the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip.

38. The electrical testing system of claim 37 wherein the electrode is further configured to provide a return signal path for the electrical resistance-measuring signal.

39. The electrical testing system of claim 37, wherein the stimulator apparatus further includes an indicator responsive to a value of electrical resistance measured by the circuit.

40. The electrical testing system of claim 39 wherein the indicator is selected from the group consisting of a visual indicator, a sonic indicator, and a vibrational indicator.

41. A method for electrical testing comprising:

providing a battery;

generating a periodic signal in time from a circuit;

providing an electrically conductive tip adapted to electrically contact but not puncture a first portion of a skin when the skin is tested;

coupling the periodic signal to the electrically conductive tip;

applying an electrode to a second portion of the skin, the electrode being a return signal path for the periodic signal;

measuring a first sympathovagal balance of the patient based on the periodic signal passed through the electrically conductive tip and the electrode, wherein the first sympathovagal balance of the patient is associated with an arrow on a balance trajectory;

the balance trajectory projecting on an abscissa running from smaller numbers to larger numbers such that movement of the balance trajectory toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a vagal response, while movement of the balance trajectory toward the larger numbers along the abscissa corresponds to a sympathetic response; and

determine a response outcome based on the arrow on the balance trajectory of the patient, wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is suitable for electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance moves towards the smaller-numbers along the abscissa when the periodic signal is passed through the patient, and wherein the response outcome indicates that the first portion of the skin is unsuitable for the electrotherapy when the arrow of the first sympathovagal balance does not move toward the smaller numbers along the abscissa when the periodic signal is passed through the patient.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the electrode being the return signal path for the periodic signal thereby enables a gloved tester to facilitate applying the periodic signal to the first portion of the skin when the first portion of the skin is tested.

43. The method of claim 41, further comprising:

providing a housing having an insulating surface and at least a first orifice in the insulating surface;

protruding the electrically conductive tip outside the housing through the first orifice;

enclosing the battery and the circuit with the housing; and

shaping the housing to be handheld when the skin is tested.

44. The method of claim 43, further comprising hermetically sealing the housing.

45. The method of claim 41, further comprising:

providing a wireless radio transceiver;

setting a characteristic of the periodic signal via the circuit; and

receiving the characteristic by an input of the wireless transceiver.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the wireless radio transceiver operates on a transmission standard.

47. The method of claim 45, wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, an amplitude, a pulse shape, and a duty cycle.

48. The method of claim 41, further comprising:

generating an electrical resistance-measuring signal by the circuit; and

coupling the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip responsive to a switch position that selectively couples the periodic signal or the electrical resistance-measuring signal to the electrically conductive tip.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the electrode is further configured to provide a return signal path for the electrical resistance-measuring signal.

50. The method of claim 48, further comprising:

providing an indicator responsive to a value of electrical resistance measured by the circuit when the skin is tested.

51. The method of claim 50 wherein the indicator is selected from the group consisting of a visual indicator, a sonic indicator, and a vibrational indicator.