Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium

• US 10,135,145 B2
• Filed: 12/06/2016
• Issued: 11/20/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Henry, Paul Shala, Johnson, Shikik, Bennett, Robert, Barzegar, Farhad, Gerszberg, Irwin, Willis, III, Thomas M., Barnickel, Donald J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Jones, Stephen E
• Application Number:
  US15/370,514
• Publication Number:
  US 20180159196A1
• Time in Patent Office: 714 Days
• Field of Search: 333240, 333 24 R, 333 21 R
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/10 Wire waveguides, i.e. with a single solid longitudinal conductor
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/024 between hollow waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/103 Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 13/0241 radiating a circularly polarised wave H01Q13/0258 takes precedence; polarisation converters H01Q15/244, in a waveguide H01P1/17
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/064 using horn or slot aerials slotted waveguides arrays H01Q21/005
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/205 providing an omnidirectional coverage turnstile aerials H01Q21/26

Abstract

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, generating, by a plurality of dielectric antennas of a waveguide system, a plurality of instances of electromagnetic waves that combines to form a combined electromagnetic wave, and directing, by the waveguide system, the combined electromagnetic wave to an interface of a transmission medium for guiding propagation of the combined electromagnetic wave along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Claims

1. A waveguide system, comprising:

a plurality of dielectric antennas coupled to a plurality of cores, wherein each core facilitates propagation of an electromagnetic wave to a corresponding one of the plurality of dielectric antennas, and wherein the plurality of dielectric antennas radiates, according to the electromagnetic wave received by each dielectric antenna, a plurality of instances of electromagnetic waves that combines to form a resultant electromagnetic wave; and

a structure that facilitates directing the resultant electromagnetic wave to an interface of a transmission medium for guiding propagation of the resultant electromagnetic wave along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path.

2. The waveguide system of claim 1, wherein at least one dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas comprises a strip antenna or a polyrod antenna.

3. A launcher, comprising:

a plurality of dielectric antennas coupled to a plurality of dielectric cores, wherein at least one transmitter facilitates launching an electromagnetic wave that propagates along one of the plurality of dielectric cores, and wherein the plurality of dielectric antennas radiates, according to the electromagnetic wave received by each dielectric antenna, a plurality of instances of electromagnetic waves that combines to form a combined electromagnetic wave; and

a structure that facilitates directing the combined electromagnetic wave to an interface of a transmission medium for guiding propagation of the combined electromagnetic wave along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path.

4. The launcher of claim 3, wherein at least one dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas comprises a dielectric strip antenna or a polyrod antenna.

5. A method, comprising:

generating, by a plurality of dielectric antennas of a waveguide system, a plurality of instances of electromagnetic waves that combines to form a combined electromagnetic wave; and

directing, by the waveguide system, the combined electromagnetic wave to an interface of a transmission medium for guiding propagation of the combined electromagnetic wave along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the waveguide system comprises a tapered structure or a cylindrical structure for directing the combined electromagnetic wave to the interface of the transmission medium.

7. The method of claim 5, comprising receiving, by the plurality of dielectric antennas, an electromagnetic wave from the transmission medium that does not interfere with the combined electromagnetic wave.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein a structure of the waveguide system directs the combined electromagnetic wave to the interface of the transmission medium.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the structure comprises a cover that substantially prevents the combined electromagnetic wave from radiating.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antenna comprises a dielectric strip antenna.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the dielectric strip antenna comprises a tapered end.

12. The method of claim 5, wherein each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antenna comprises a polyrod antenna.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the polyrod antenna comprises a tapered end.

14. The method of claim 5, wherein each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas is positioned in a corresponding slot of a structure of the waveguide system.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein a length of exposed surfaces of each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas is adjustable in the corresponding slot of the structure of the waveguide system, and wherein the length of exposed surfaces of each dielectric antenna determines an operating frequency of each dielectric antenna.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the length of exposed surfaces of each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas is adjustable in the corresponding slot of the structure of the waveguide system utilizing an electromechanical device.

17. The method of claim 5, wherein the combined electromagnetic waves has symmetrical electric field patterns.

18. The method of claim 5, wherein each dielectric antenna of the plurality of dielectric antennas is coupled to a corresponding dielectric core.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the waveguide system comprises at least one transmitter that launches an electromagnetic wave that propagates along the corresponding dielectric core, and wherein the dielectric antenna coupled to the corresponding dielectric core generates one of the plurality of instances of electromagnetic waves.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the at least one transmitter comprises at least one microwave transmitter.