Protection of ranging sounding signals from physical level attacks

• US 10,135,638 B2
• Filed: 04/02/2018
• Issued: 11/20/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Lindskog, Erik David, Zhang, Ning, Kakani, Naveen Kumar, Raissinia, Alireza, Zhang, Xiaoxin
• Primary Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US15/943,243
• Publication Number:
  US 20180287826A1
• Time in Patent Office: 232 Days
• Field of Search: 375260, 375295
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0204 of multiple channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0224 using sounding signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0226 sounding signals per se
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/14 for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/122 Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/126 Anti-theft arrangements, e.g. protection against subscriber identity module [SIM] cloning
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/12 WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Generally, the described techniques provide for protection mechanisms for sounding training signals transmitted between wireless devices when performing ranging sounding estimation. For example, sounding training signals may be encoded to include a sequence of phase rotations or cyclic shifts to protect the sounding training signal from peer devices. In some cases, encoding information associated with a long training field (LTF) may be transmitted either before or after the LTF is transmitted. Additionally or alternatively, a time delay may be introduced to the sounding training signal, where timing information may be removed from one or more fields of the sounding training signal and the time delay may be appended to an interframe spacing. Alternatively, a frame may be split into multiple frames with the sounding training signal in a first frame, and timing information in a second frame that is offset in time from the first frame.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication, comprising:

encoding a long training field of a sounding training signal, wherein the encoding comprises applying a phase rotation to the long training field;

configuring an extension field of the sounding training signal to include an indication of the encoding; and

transmitting the sounding training signal including the encoded long training field and the configured extension field.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extension field is transmitted after the long training field.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to a long training field base sequence, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising transmitting a second long training field of a second sounding training signal, the second long training field encoded using a second phase rotation from the sequence of phase rotations, wherein the second phase rotation is different than the phase rotation.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the extension field of the sounding training signal comprises a packet extension field modulated according to a legacy portion of a frame.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sounding training signal is included in a null data packet frame.

7. A method for wireless communication, comprising:

receiving a long training field of a sounding training signal;

determining a channel estimate based at least in part on the sounding training signal;

receiving an extension field of the sounding training signal;

identifying a phase rotation of the long training field based at least in part on the received extension field;

applying the identified phase rotation to the channel estimate to obtain a phase-compensated channel estimate based at least in part on the sounding training signal; and

transmitting a signal based on the phase-compensated channel estimate.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising performing a ranging sounding estimation based at least in part on an impulse response associated with the phase-compensated channel estimate.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to a long training field base sequence, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising receiving a second long training field of a second sounding training signal, the second long training field encoded using a second phase rotation from the sequence of phase rotations, wherein the second phase rotation is different than the phase rotation.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to tones of a set of modulation symbols of the sounding training signal, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

12. The method of claim 7, further comprising storing the determined channel estimate before receiving the extension field of the sounding training signal.

13. The method of claim 7, wherein the extension field of the sounding training signal comprises a packet extension field modulated according to a legacy portion of a frame.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising demodulating the packet extension field based at least in part on a legacy long training field of the legacy portion of the frame.

15. The method of claim 7, wherein the sounding training signal is included in a null data packet frame.

16. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a processor;

memory in electronic communication with the processor; and

instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to;

encode a long training field of a sounding training signal, wherein the encoding comprises applying a phase rotation to the long training field;

configure an extension field of the sounding training signal to include an indication of the encoding; and

transmit the sounding training signal including the encoded long training field and the configured extension field.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the extension field is transmitted after the long training field.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to a long training field base sequence, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit a second long training field of a second sounding training signal, the second long training field encoded using a second phase rotation from the sequence of phase rotations, wherein the second phase rotation is different than the phase rotation.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the extension field of the sounding training signal comprises a packet extension field modulated according to a legacy portion of a frame.

21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the sounding training signal is included in a null data packet frame.

22. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a processor;

memory in electronic communication with the processor; and

instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to;

receive a long training field of a sounding training signal;

determine a channel estimate based at least in part on the sounding training signal;

receive an extension field of the sounding training signal;

identify a phase rotation of the long training field based at least in part on the received extension field;

apply the identified phase rotation to the channel estimate to obtain a phase-compensated channel estimate based at least in part on the sounding training signal; and

transmit a signal based on the phase-compensated channel estimate.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a ranging sounding estimation based at least in part on an impulse response associated with the phase-compensated channel estimate.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to a long training field base sequence, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive a second long training field of a second sounding training signal, the second long training field encoded using a second phase rotation from the sequence of phase rotations, wherein the second phase rotation is different than the phase rotation.

26. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the long training field is encoded using the phase rotation applied to tones of a set of modulation symbols of the sounding training signal, and wherein the phase rotation is from a sequence of phase rotations associated with different phase rotations of respective tones.

27. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to store the determined channel estimate before receiving the extension field of the sounding training signal.

28. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the extension field of the sounding training signal comprises a packet extension field modulated according to a legacy portion of a frame.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to demodulate the packet extension field based at least in part on a legacy long training field of the legacy portion of the frame.

30. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the sounding training signal is included in a null data packet frame.