Method and apparatus pertaining to radio-frequency identification tags

• US 10,140,567 B2
• Filed: 12/29/2017
• Issued: 11/27/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 04/27/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Walmart Apollo, LLC (WalMart Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Walmart Apollo, LLC (WalMart Inc.)
• Inventors: Wilkinson, Bruce W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brown, Vernal
• Application Number:
  US15/858,918
• Publication Number:
  US 20180144226A1
• Time in Patent Office: 333 Days
• Field of Search: 340 101
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 11/06 using intensity measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/751 wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/767 Responders; Transponders teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/825 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0712 the arrangement being capable of triggering distinct operating modes or functions dependent on the strength of an energy or interrogation field in the proximity of the record carrier active means for hindering electromagnetic reading or writing G06K19/07336
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 999/99 dummy group

Abstract

A presently-powered RFID tag can itself determine its own relative movement with respect to a reader. This RFID tag can responsively alter its read state to thereby permit the RFID tag to respond to a subsequent read inquiry. By one approach the RFID tag assesses its own movement by monitoring the strength of its received power. By another approach, the RFID tag has a power source that becomes electrically charged via radio-frequency energy received by the tag antenna and that power source is configured to become operably discharged at a point in time that corresponds to a typical null-sensing duration of time for a given application setting for that RFID tag.

Claims

1. A radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag configured to unilaterally detect its own motion relative to an RFID-tag reader, comprising:

an antenna;

a rectifier operably coupled to the antenna and configured to rectify a signal transmitted by the RFID-tag reader and provide a corresponding rectified output;

an analog-to-digital converter operably coupled to receive the rectified output and provide a corresponding digitized representation of the rectified output;

a control circuit operably coupled to the analog-to-digital converter and configured to carry out a unilateral motion detection capability by;

dynamically establishing a detection range;

monitoring the digitized representation of the rectified output and comparing the digitized representation to the detection range to thereby determine the RFID tag'"'"'s own relative movement with respect to the RFID-tag reader; and

upon detecting the relative movement, automatically re-setting a read state of the RFID tag to permit the RFID tag to respond to interrogations of the RFID-tag reader;

wherein the control circuit is further configured to selectively enable and disable the unilateral motion detection capability in response to transmitted content received via the antenna as part of an externally-sourced wireless transmission.

2. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the read state comprises a specific state per the Electronic Product Code (EPC) Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols Class-1 Generation-2 Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) RFID Protocol for Communications at 860 MHz-960 MHz Version 1.0.9 (EPC GEN2).

3. The RFID tag of claim 2 wherein the control circuit is configured to automatically re-set the read state by switching the read state from inventory state B as per the EPC GEN2 to inventory state A as per the EPC GEN2.

4. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the control circuit is configured to dynamically establish the detection range by defining the detection range to bracket a particular level of the digitized representation of the rectified output.

5. The RFID tag of claim 4 wherein the control circuit is further configured to identify the particular level of the digitized representation of the rectified output as a function of time.

6. The RFID tag of claim 5 wherein the control circuit is configured to identify the particular level of the digitized representation of the rectified output as a function of time by determining when the particular level of the digitized representation of the rectified output has persisted for at least a predetermined period of time.

7. The RFID tag of claim 6 wherein the predetermined period of time is selected from a group comprising:

0.1 second;

0.5 second;

1.0 second.

8. The RFID tag of claim 4 wherein the control circuit is configured to establish the detection range such that the particular level of the digitized representation of the rectified output is centered within the detection range.

9. The RFID tag of claim 8 wherein the control circuit is configured to establish the detection range such that the detection range spans 0.05 volts.

10. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the transmitted content comprises an instruction regarding enablement or disablement of the unilateral motion detection capability.

11. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the transmitted content comprises a signal regarding enablement or disablement of the unilateral motion detection capability.

12. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the transmitted content comprises a flag specifying at least one of enablement and non-enablement of the unilateral motion detection capability.

13. The RFID tag of claim 12 wherein the flag comprises a one-bit flag.

14. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the externally-sourced wireless transmission is sourced by an RFID-tag reader.

15. A method for use with a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag having its own selectively-enabled element configured to enable the RFID tag to unilaterally seek to detect its own motion relative to its environment, the method comprising:

receiving an externally-sourced wireless transmission;

retrieving transmitted content from the externally-sourced wireless transmission;

when the transmitted content comprises content to enable automatic motion detection capability, enabling the selectively-enabled element to thereby enable the RFID tag to unilaterally seek to detect its own motion relative to its environment; and

when the transmitted content comprises content to not enable automatic motion detection capability, not enabling the selectively-enabled element to thereby not enable the RFID tag to unilaterally seek to detect its own motion relative to its environment.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the externally-sourced wireless transmission comprises an RFID-tag reader-sourced wireless transmission.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein the content to enable automatic motion detection capability comprises an instruction to enable the automatic motion detection capability.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein the content to enable automatic motion detection capability comprises a signal to enable the automatic motion detection capability.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein the content to enable automatic motion detection capability comprises a flag specifying an enablement state for the automatic motion detection capability.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein the flag comprises a one-bit flag.