Constructing a self-organizing mesh network using 802.11AD technology

• US 10,149,311 B2
• Filed: 11/30/2015
• Issued: 12/04/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Hart, Michael J., Jayaraman, Arunkumar, Samuel, Rajkumar, Gelbman, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Haile, Awet
• Application Number:
  US14/953,587
• Publication Number:
  US 20170156153A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,100 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/16 Multipoint routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/42 Centralised routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/72 Routing based on the source address
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/244 using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/246 Connectivity information discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/12 Wireless traffic scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/20 Control channels or signalling for resource management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/10 Connection setup
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/12 WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A method includes receiving one or more node connections from a mesh network external to the data processing hardware. The mesh network includes a network of nodes each operative to transmit and/or receive directional beams containing packets of data. The method also includes identifying a route within the mesh network for providing a data packet from a source to a destination and determining schedule information associated with the identified route, the schedule information coordinating wireless communication between at least a first node and a second node along the route to transfer the data packet. The method also includes providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving, at data processing hardware, one or more node connections from a mesh network external to the data processing hardware, the mesh network including a network of nodes, each node operating in a station mode, the station mode non-communicative with any direct access point within the mesh network;

identifying, using the data processing hardware, a route within the mesh network for providing a data packet from a source to a destination;

determining, using the data processing hardware, schedule information associated with the identified route, the schedule information coordinating wireless communication between at least a first node and a second node along the route to transfer the data packet, the schedule information specifying a first beacon transmission interval and a first communication period for transmitting the data packet from the first node to the second node; and

providing, using the data processing hardware, the schedule information to the first node and the second node, the scheduling information, when provided to the first node and the second node, instructing a first media access control layer of the first node to operate in a transmitter mode and a second media access control layer of the second node to operate in a receiving mode to execute beam tracking during the first beacon transmission interval to determine a first directional beam for transmitting the data packet from the first node to the second node during the first communication period.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node comprises:

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node, the first application layer providing the schedule information to the first media access control layer associated with the first node; and

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a second application layer associated with the second node, the second application layer providing the schedule information to the second media access control layer associated with the second node.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node comprises:

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node, the first application layer providing the schedule information to the first media access control layer associated with the first node; and

instructing the first node to transmit the schedule information to the second node using a wireless communication link between the first media access control layer and the second media access control layer associated with the second node.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

when the second node is disconnected from the mesh network;

transmitting discovery instructions from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node for discovering the second node, the received discovery instructions causing the first media access control layer associated with the first node to;

execute transmission of discovery frames to enable the second node operating in a station scanning mode to discover the first node;

establish a wireless communication link with the second node when the second node discovers one or more of the discovery frames; and

inform the first application layer to notify the data processing hardware that the wireless communication link is established between the first node and the second node.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first media access control layer executes the transmission of discovery frames using a sector level sweep during one or more beacon transmission intervals specified by the discovery instructions.

6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

when the wireless communication link is established between the first node and the second node;

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to the first node; and

instructing, using the data processing hardware, the first node to transmit the schedule information to the second node.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the mesh network comprises a mmWave mesh network;

the first node includes a first PHY layer interoperable with the first media access control layer and employing one or more antennas to transmit the first directional beam containing the data packet to the first node during the first communication period, the first PHY layer and the first media access control layer residing on a first IEEE 802.11ad wireless chipset of the first node; and

the second node includes a second PHY layer interoperable with the second media access control layer and employing one or more antennas to receive the first directional beam containing the data packet from the second node during the first communication period, the second PHY layer and the second media access control layer residing on a second IEEE 802.11ad wireless chipset of the second node.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the scheduling information provided to the second node further specifies a second communication period and instructs the second media access control layer to operate in the transmitter mode to transmit a second directional beam containing the data packet to a third node during the second communication period after the second node receives the data packet from the first node.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a software application layer associated with the second node inspects a destination address within the received data packet to determine a receiver address associated the third node, and the second media access control layer uses the receiver address associated with the third node to transmit the second directional beam.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the software application layer associated with the second node uses the receiver address associated with the third node to select a transmitter address associated with an optimal sector of the second media access control layer for transmitting the second directional beam.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the received data packet includes one of the following data frame formats:

a first data frame format including the receiver address, a transmitter address, the destination address, and a source address in a same header;

a second data frame format including the receiving address and the transmitter address in a 802.11ad header and the source address and the destination address included as a special header or in a special field of a payload portion;

or

a third data frame format including the destination address and the source address encapsulated in an aggregated-Media Access Control Service Data Unit.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first media access control layer and the second media access control layer contend with each other to determine which one of the first node or the second node will operate in the transmitter mode during the first communication period.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein media access control layers associated with the nodes of the mesh network execute contention-based access period procedures when contending with other nodes in the mesh network.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein media access control layers associated with the nodes of the mesh network update beam tracking to optimize multi-hop wireless communication links.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the scheduling information comprises multi-hop schedule information and includes at least one of:

a selected channel for transmitting the data packet associated with each hop along the route;

one or more beacon transmission interval associated with each hop along the route;

or

communication periods for transferring the data packet between selected node pairs along the route.

16. A network system comprising:

data processing hardware external to a mesh network, the mesh network including a network of nodes, each node operating in a station mode, the station mode non-communicative with any direct access point within the mesh network;

memory hardware in communication with the data processing hardware, the memory hardware storing instructions that when executing on the data processing hardware cause the data processing hardware to perform operations comprising;

receiving one or more node connections from the mesh network;

identifying a route within the mesh network for providing a data packet from a source to a destination;

determining schedule information associated with the identified route, the schedule information coordinating wireless communication between at least a first node and a second node along the route to transfer the data packet, the schedule information specifying a first beacon transmission interval and a first communication period for transmitting the data packet from the first node to the second node; and

providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node, the scheduling information, when provided to the first node and the second node, instructing a first media access control layer of the first node to operate in a transmitter mode and a second media access control layer of the second node to operate in a receiving mode to execute beam tracking during the first beacon transmission interval to determine a first directional beam for transmitting the data packet from the first node to the second node during the first communication period.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node comprises:

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node, the first application layer providing the schedule information to the first media access control layer associated with the first node; and

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a second application layer associated with the second node, the second application layer providing the schedule information to the second media access control layer associated with the second node.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein providing the schedule information to the first node and the second node comprises:

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node, the first application layer providing the schedule information to the first media access control layer associated with the first node; and

instructing the first node to transmit the schedule information to the second node using a wireless communication link between the first media access control layer and the second media access control layer associated with the second node.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:

when the second node is disconnected from the mesh network;

transmitting discovery instructions from the data processing hardware to a first application layer associated with the first node for discovering the second node, the received discovery instructions causing the first media access control layer associated with the first node to;

execute transmission of discovery frames to enable the second node operating in a station scanning mode to discover the first node;

establish a wireless communication link with the second node when the second node discovers one or more of the discovery frames; and

inform the first application layer to notify the data processing hardware that the wireless communication link is established between the first node and the second node.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the first media access control layer executes the transmission of discovery frames using a sector level sweep during one or more beacon transmission intervals specified by the discovery instructions.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the operations further comprise:

when the wireless communication link is established between the first node and the second node;

transmitting the schedule information from the data processing hardware to the first node; and

instructing, using the data processing hardware, the first node to transmit the schedule information to the second node.

22. The system of claim 16, wherein:

the mesh network comprises a mmWave mesh network;

the first node includes a first PHY layer interoperable with the first media access control layer and employing one or more antennas to transmit the first directional beam containing the data packet to the first node during the first communication period, the first PHY layer and the first media access control layer residing on a first IEEE 802.11ad wireless chipset of the first node; and

the second node includes a second PHY layer interoperable with the second media access control layer and employing one or more antennas to receive the first directional beam containing the data packet from the second node during the first communication period, the second PHY layer and the second media access control layer residing on a second IEEE 802.11ad wireless chipset of the second node.

23. The system of claim 16, wherein the scheduling information provided to the second node further specifies a second communication period and instructs the second media access control layer to operate in the transmitter mode to transmit a second directional beam containing the data packet to a third node during the second communication period after the second node receives the data packet from the first node.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein a software application layer associated with the second node inspects a destination address within the received data packet to determine a receiver address associated the third node, and the second media access control layer uses the receiver address associated with the third node to transmit the second directional beam.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the received data packet includes one of the following data frame formats:

a first data frame format including the receiver address, a transmitter address, the destination address, and a source address in a same header;

a second data frame format including the receiving address and the transmitter address in a 802.11ad header and the source address and the destination address included as a special header or in a special field of a payload portion;

or

a third data frame format including the destination address and the source address encapsulated in an aggregated-Media Access Control Service Data Unit.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein the software application layer associated with the second node uses the receiver address associated with the third node to select a transmitter address associated with an optimal sector of the second media access control layer for transmitting the second directional beam.

27. The system of claim 16, wherein the first media access control layer and the second media access control layer contend with each other to determine which one of the first node or the second node will operate in the transmitter mode during the first communication period.

28. The system of claim 16, wherein media access control layers associated with the nodes of the mesh network execute contention-based access period procedures when contending with other nodes in the mesh network.

29. The system of claim 16, wherein media access control layers associated with the nodes of the mesh network update beam tracking to optimize multi-hop wireless communication links.

30. The system of claim 16, wherein the scheduling information comprises multi-hope scheduling information and includes at least one of:

a selected channel for transmitting the data packet associated with each hop along the route;

one or more beacon transmission interval associated with each hop along the route;

or

communication periods for transferring the data packet between selected node pairs along the route.