Disposable glucose biosensor including an activity sensor

• US 10,154,805 B2
• Filed: 10/05/2017
• Issued: 12/18/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: DexCom Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Verily Life Sciences LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Biederman, William, Drumond, Miguel
• Primary Examiner(s): Ball, J. Christopher
• Application Number:
  US15/725,562
• Publication Number:
  US 20180103882A1
• Time in Patent Office: 439 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1451 for interstitial fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14514 using means for aiding extraction of interstitial fluid, e.g. microneedles or suction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3592 using telemetric means, e.g. radio or optical transmission
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/001 Enzyme electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/006 for glucose
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3275 Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16Z 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0079 Receiver details

Abstract

Example disposable biosensor devices having an activity sensor are disclosed. One example device includes a disposable biosensor that has a first electrode having a distal end to be inserted into a subcutaneous layer beneath a person'"'"'s skin, the first electrode having a reactive material disposed on the distal end, and a second electrode. The disposable biosensor device also includes an activity sensor that can be activated upon an activity by the person, the activity sensor for detecting the activity and providing data about the activity. The disposable biosensor also includes a radio frequency transmitter for transmitting data obtained from the first or second electrode and the activity sensor.

Claims

1. A disposable biosensor comprising:

a glucose sensor comprising;

a first electrode having a distal end insertable into a subcutaneous layer beneath a patient'"'"'s skin, the first electrode having a reactive material disposed on the distal end;

a second electrode comprising a counter electrode to the first electrode; and

wherein the glucose sensor is configured to provide glucose sensor data;

an activity sensor to sense activity and provide an activity sensor data, the activity sensor data comprising information about a physical movement of the patient;

wherein, a sensor data comprises both glucose sensor data provided by said glucose sensor and activity sensor data provided by said activity sensor;

a memory;

a processor to;

receive the sensor data;

generate a time stamp for said sensor data; and

store activity information based on the activity sensor data, and glucose information based on the glucose sensor data in the memory with the generated time stamp; and

a radio frequency (“

RF”

) transmitter in communication with the first and second electrodes and the activity sensor to transmit biosensor information, wherein the activity sensor, the first electrode, and the second electrode are included in the disposable biosensor.

2. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein the reactive material comprises a glucose oxidase material.

3. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein the activity sensor comprises at least one of an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a heart rate sensor, a galvanic skin response sensor, an inertial measurement unit, or a temperature sensor.

4. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein the information about the physical movement of the patient comprises at least one of:

a duration of the physical movement, a number of steps taken by the patient during the physical movement, a heart rate of the patient, a respiration rate of the patient, an intensity of the physical movement, or an amount of sweat produced by the patient during the physical movement.

5. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, further comprising:

a battery electrically coupled or couplable to the first and second electrodes, the activity sensor, and the RF transmitter to apply a voltage across the first and second electrodes and to the activity sensor and RF transmitter, the voltage for generating a current for determining an amount of glucose in interstitial fluid under the patient'"'"'s skin.

6. The disposable biosensor of claim 5, further comprising:

a memory; and

a processor to receive the glucose sensor data from the first or second electrodes and the activity sensor data from the activity sensor and to transmit the sensor data to the RF transmitter.

7. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein the RF transmitter is further to transmit the sensor data and the time stamp to a remote device.

8. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein:

the first electrode comprises platinum; and

the second electrode comprises a silver/silver-chloride material.

15. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, wherein the activity sensor is enabled to provide the activity sensor signal to be transmitted in response to sensing activity.

16. The disposable biosensor of claim 1, further comprising a battery electrically connected to, and configured to supply electrical power to, the first and second electrodes and the activity sensor.

17. The disposable biosensor of claim 16, wherein the disposable biosensor is configured to provide the stored activity information, glucose information, and the generated time stamp after the battery is depleted.

9. A method comprising:

inserting a distal end of a first electrode of a disposable glucose biometric sensor into a subcutaneous layer beneath a patient'"'"'s skin, the disposable glucose biometric sensor comprising an activity sensor and the first electrode having a reactive material disposed on the distal end;

applying a second electrode of the disposable glucose biometric sensor to the patient, the second electrode comprising a counter electrode to the first electrode;

wherein, a sensor data comprises both glucose biometric sensor data provided from said glucose biometric sensor and activity sensor data provided from an activity sensor;

wherein, a sensor data comprises both glucose biometric sensor data provided from said glucose biometric sensor and activity sensor data provided from an activity sensor,

the glucose biometric sensor data indicating the patient'"'"'s glucose level, and;

the activity sensor data comprising information about a physical movement of the patient;

receiving said sensor data;

generating a time stamp for said sensor data; and

storing activity information based on the activity sensor data, and glucose information based on the glucose biometric sensor data in a memory with the generated time stamp,

wherein the activity sensor, the first electrode, and the second electrode are included in the disposable glucose biometric biosensor.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the reactive material comprises a glucose oxidase material.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the activity sensor signal further comprises at least one of:

a duration of the physical movement of the patient, a number of steps taken by the patient during the physical movement, a heart rate of the patient, a respiration rate of the patient, or an amount of sweat produced by the patient during the physical movement.

12. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting the activity information, the glucose information, and the generated time stamp to a remote device.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the transmitting is performed using a radio frequency identification (“

RFID”

) or near-field communication (“

NFC”

) technique.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein:

the first electrode comprises platinum; and

the second electrode comprises a silver/silver-chloride material.