Controlling inductive power transfer systems

• US 10,158,255 B2
• Filed: 12/06/2016
• Issued: 12/18/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Philips IP Ventures B.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Philips IP Ventures B.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Stevens, Michael Craig, Knill, Alexander Charles, Dunton, John Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): DEBERADINIS, ROBERT L
• Application Number:
  US15/370,770
• Publication Number:
  US 20170085135A1
• Time in Patent Office: 742 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

An inductive power transfer system comprises a primary unit, having a primary coil and an electrical drive unit which applies electrical drive signals to the primary coil so as to generate an electromagnetic field. The system also comprises at least one secondary device, separable from the primary unit and having a secondary coil which couples with the field when the secondary device is in proximity to the primary unit. A control unit causes a circuit including said primary coil to operate, during a measurement period, in an undriven resonating condition. In this condition the application of the drive signals to the primary coil by the electrical drive unit is suspended so that energy stored in the circuit decays over the course of the period. A decay measurement unit takes one or more measures of such energy decay during the measurement period. In dependence upon said one or more energy decay measures, the control unit controls the electrical drive unit so as to restrict or stop inductive power transfer from the primary unit.

Claims

1. A portable device separable from a primary unit, the portable device comprising:

a secondary adapted to couple with a field generated by a primary unit such that power is received inductively from the primary unit without direct electrical conductive contacts, said secondary adapted to impose a load associated with the portable device on the primary unit;

a load control unit operably coupled to said secondary, said load control unit capable of selectively changing said load imposed by the portable device on the primary unit;

wherein said load control unit is configured to affect said load to impose a first load on the primary unit during a first measurement period conducted by the primary unit to determine friendly parasitic information about the portable device;

wherein said load control unit is configured to affect said load to impose a second load on the primary unit during a second measurement period conducted by the primary unit to determine friendly parasitic information about the portable device, wherein said second load is different from said first load; and

wherein at least one of the first and second loads is based at least in part on a friendly parasitic load of the portable device.

2. The portable device of claim 1 comprising a communication unit operable to communicate with the primary unit, wherein, based on communication with the primary unit, said load control unit affects said load to impose at least one of the first and second loads.

3. The portable device of claim 2 wherein based on said communication from the primary unit being indicative of the primary unit operating to determine presence of a parasitic load, said load control unit isolates an actual load of the portable device.

4. The portable device of claim 3 wherein based on said communication from the primary unit being a synchronization signal, said load control unit isolates said actual load from said secondary.

5. The portable device of claim 4 wherein said synchronization signal enables said portable device to isolate said actual load from said secondary while the primary unit conducts a ring-down to detect presence of a parasitic load.

6. The portable device of claim 2 wherein said communication unit is operable to communicate information to the primary unit by imposing a communication load of said portable device on the primary unit.

7. The portable device of claim 6 wherein said information relates to a friendly parasitic load imposed by said portable device on the primary unit.

8. The portable device of claim 7 wherein said communication load is a dummy load, wherein said dummy load has a resistance value selected to communicate said friendly parasitic load of said portable device.

9. The portable device of claim 1 wherein a difference between said first and second loads is indicative of a friendly parasitic load of the portable device.

10. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the friendly parasitic information includes the friendly parasitic load of the portable device and provides a basis for a shutdown threshold utilized by the primary unit.

11. A method of controlling inductive power transfer in an inductive power transfer system comprising a primary unit having a primary and electrical drive circuitry connected to the primary, the system including a portable device separable from the primary unit and having a secondary adapted to couple with the primary to receive power inductively without direct electrical conductive contacts, said method comprising:

applying electrical drive signals to the primary so as to transfer power inductively to the portable device;

imposing on the primary a first load associated with the portable device;

measuring, in a first measurement period, a first quantity associated with the primary under the first load imposed on the primary;

imposing on the primary a second load associated with the portable device, the second load being different from the first load;

measuring, in a second measurement period, a second quantity associated with the primary unit under the second load imposed on the primary; and

determining, based on the first and second quantities measured respectively under the first and second loads, presence of a parasitic load in proximity to the primary unit.

12. The method of claim 11 comprising:

providing inductively received power from the secondary to a load of the portable device, wherein the portable device is capable of selectively connecting the secondary to the load;

receiving communication from the primary unit; and

based on communication from the primary unit, isolating the load from the secondary.

13. The method of claim 11 comprising:

obtaining, in a probing period, one or more measurements in the primary unit, wherein, in the probing period, a load of the portable device is isolated from the secondary; and

determining, based on the one or more measurements, presence of the parasitic load in proximity to the primary unit.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the probing period is a ring-down period in which the primary is substantially undriven.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein based on communication being indicative of the primary unit operating in at least one of the first and second measurement periods, changing a load of the portable device from the first load to the second load.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein at least one of the first and second loads is indicative of a friendly parasitic load of the portable device.

17. An inductive power transfer system including a primary unit having a primary and electrical drive circuitry connected to the primary for applying electrical drive signals thereto so as to generate an electromagnetic field, the system including a portable device separable from the primary unit and having a secondary adapted to couple with the primary to receive power inductively without direct electrical conductive contacts, the inductive power transfer system comprising:

a control unit operable to control the electrical drive circuitry to control application of the electrical drive signals to the primary;

a measurement unit operable to take a first measurement in a first measurement period and a second measurement in a second measurement period;

a load control unit configured to affect a load associated with the portable device, the load being imposed during the first measurement period and the second measurement period;

wherein the load control unit is configured to affect the load to impose a) a first load on the primary unit during the first measurement period and b) a second load on the primary unit during the second measurement period, wherein the first load is different from the second load; and

wherein the control unit is operable, in dependence upon the first measurement and the second measurement, to detect presence of a parasitic load in proximity to the primary.

18. The inductive power transfer system of claim 17 wherein the first load is substantially zero.

19. The inductive power transfer system of claim 17 wherein based on at least one of the first measurement and the second measurement exceeding a threshold, the control unit detects presence of a parasitic load.

20. The inductive power transfer system of claim 19 wherein the first measurement and the second measurement are energy decay rates, and wherein the first measurement period and the second measurement period are ring-down periods in which the primary is substantially undriven.

21. The inductive power transfer system of claim 17 wherein based on the first measurement and the second measurement, the control unit determines a friendly parasitic load of the portable device.

22. The inductive power transfer system of claim 17 wherein at least one of the first load and the second load is indicative of a friendly parasitic load of the portable device.

23. The inductive power transfer system of claim 17 wherein the first load and the second load are dummy loads.