Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus

• US 10,168,403 B2
• Filed: 10/30/2014
• Issued: 01/01/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/22/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: FUJIFILM Healthcare Corp. (Fujifilm Holdings Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Hanada, Hikaru
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Tung X
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hawkins, Dominic
• Application Number:
  US15/032,698
• Publication Number:
  US 20160266221A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,524 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/36 Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/3621 NMR receivers or demodulators, e.g. preamplifiers, means for frequency modulation of the MR signal using a digital down converter, means for analog to digital conversion [ADC] or for filtering or processing of the MR signal such as bandpass filtering, resampling, decimation or interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/3852 Gradient amplifiers; means for controlling the application of a gradient magnetic field to the sample, e.g. a gradient signal synthesizer
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/543 Control of the operation of the MR system, e.g. setting of acquisition parameters prior to or during MR data acquisition, dynamic shimming, use of one or more scout images for scan plane prescription G01R33/546 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/561 by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences

Abstract

In order to obtain highly accurate images with a high SNR without extending measurement time or increasing hardware costs and software processing costs, the present invention narrows a dynamic range (amplitude) of an NMR signal to be received by a reception coil (reception NMR signal) in an MRI apparatus. In order to narrow the amplitude of the reception NMR signal, according to the position of an imaging region, a peak position of the reception NMR signal is shifted from the said position in the present embodiment. The shift is achieved by applying frequency encoding gradient magnetic field pulses whose application amount in the time direction is different according to the position. This is realized by a plurality of gradient magnetic field generating systems that can be driven independently.

Claims

1. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, comprising:

a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies two or more gradient magnetic field pulses composed of respective waveforms different from each other, according to respective spatial positions on a single gradient magnetic field application axis in an imaging region,

wherein the gradient magnetic field pulses with two or more different waveforms applied by the gradient magnetic field application unit on the single gradient magnetic field application axis are generated based on one predetermined waveform.

2. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the gradient magnetic field application unit applies gradient magnetic field pulses so as to have different waveforms according to the respective spatial positions on the single gradient magnetic field application axis in the imaging region, and

wherein the different waveforms are determined by a variation amount in the time direction of magnetic field strength per unit distance.

3. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 2,

wherein the gradient magnetic field pulses are trapezoidal waves, and

wherein the gradient magnetic field application unit applies gradient magnetic field pulses having different shapes, in the rising and falling portions according to the spatial position on the single gradient magnetic field application axis.

4. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the gradient magnetic field application unit comprises:

a pair of gradient magnetic field coils configured for the single gradient magnetic field application axis; and

a drive unit that supplies driving electric currents, whose integration values to an arbitrary time are different, to the pair of gradient magnetic field coils respectively.

5. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 4,

wherein the drive unit supplies the driving electric currents so as to have a period when only one of the pair of gradient magnetic field coils is driven.

6. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 4,

wherein the drive unit comprises:

a signal generation supply unit; and

a pair of gradient magnetic field power sources,

wherein the signal generation supply unit generates waveform signals instructing to apply gradient magnetic field pulses according to a predetermined pulse sequence and supplies the generated waveform signals to each of the gradient magnetic field power sources so that integration values to an arbitrary time are different, and

wherein the pair of gradient magnetic field power sources is connected to the pair of the gradient magnetic field coils respectively to supply driving electric currents to the said gradient magnetic field coils according to the waveform signals.

7. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 6,

wherein the signal generation supply unit supplies the generated waveform signals to each of the gradient magnetic field power sources at different timings.

8. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 6,

wherein the signal generation supply unit changes shapes of the generated waveform signals and supplies them to each of the gradient magnetic field power sources.

9. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 4,

wherein the drive unit comprises:

a signal generation supply unit;

gradient magnetic field power sources; and

a delay circuit,

wherein the signal generation supply unit generates waveform signals instructing to apply gradient magnetic field pulses according to a predetermined pulse sequence and supplies the generated waveform signals to the gradient magnetic field power sources,

wherein the gradient magnetic field power sources supply driving electric currents to one of the pair of gradient magnetic field coils according to the waveform signal, and

wherein the delay circuit delays the driving electric current supplied to the one gradient magnetic field coil by the gradient magnetic field power sources to supply the driving electric current to the other gradient magnetic field coil.

10. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 4,

wherein the gradient magnetic field coils are respectively provided in each axis direction in pairs, and

wherein, when frequency encoding gradient magnetic field pulses are applied, the drive unit supplies the driving electric currents to the pair of gradient magnetic field coils in the axis direction to apply the said frequency encoding gradient magnetic field pulses.

11. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 9,

wherein a CR circuit, which functions as a low-pass filter and is composed of a resistance and a condenser, is used as the delay circuit.