Variable voltage converter control in vehicles

• US 10,173,534 B2
• Filed: 01/12/2017
• Issued: 01/08/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/12/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Xu, Fan, Yang, Shuitao, Zhou, Yan, Alam, Mohammed Khorshed, Chen, Lihua
• Primary Examiner(s): Kaplan, Hal
• Application Number:
  US15/404,537
• Publication Number:
  US 20180194234A1
• Time in Patent Office: 726 Days
• Field of Search: 307 91, 307 101
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/08 using pulses
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/526 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/13 using AC generators and AC motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/15 with additional electric power supply with capacitors charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/40; with batteries charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/61
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1423 with multiple batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/143 with multiple generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/08 with pulse width modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/085 wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/14 Electronic commutators
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/00 Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output Ward-Leonard arrangements H02P7/34; vector control H02P21/00; feeding a network by two or more generators H02J; for charging batteries H02J7/14
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A vehicle power system may include a gate driver configured to drive a traction gate and a generator gate corresponding to switches of a variable voltage controller such that the gates have alternating pulse width modulation ON periods. The gates may be driven in response to a throughput magnitude falling below a threshold. The gate driver may be further configured to drive the gates such that a duty cycle of one of the gates is zero in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold.

Claims

1. A vehicle power system comprising:

a gate driver configured to, in response to a throughput magnitude falling below a threshold, drive a traction gate and a generator gate corresponding to switches of a variable voltage converter such that the gates have alternating pulse width modulation ON periods, and in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold, drive the gates such that a duty cycle of one of the gates is zero.

2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the throughput is based on power drawn from a battery by a motor electrically coupled through the variable voltage converter (VVC) and power fed to the battery by a generator electrically coupled through the VVC.

3. The vehicle of claim 2, wherein the threshold is based on a maximum power rating of the motor.

4. The vehicle of claim 2, wherein the threshold is based on a maximum power rating of the generator.

5. The vehicle of claim 2, wherein driving the gate such that a duty cycle of one of the gates is zero prevents a sign of current flow through an inductor of the VVC from changing.

6. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the traction gate is the one of the gates when the throughput is negative.

7. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the generator gate is the one of the gates when the throughput is positive.

8. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the gate driver is further configured to set a duty cycle of the other of the gates in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold.

9. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the gate driver is further configured to set a duty cycle of the one of the gates to an isolated period greater in duration than the ON period in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the gate driver is further configured to set the duty cycle of the one of the gates to an isolated period equal to a sum of the ON period and a dead time between ON periods of the switches, in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold.

11. A vehicle comprising:

a variable voltage converter (VVC), electrically coupled to a battery, a traction motor, and a generator, having a voltage converter portion that includes switches controlled by a gate driver that is configured to;

in response to VVC power throughput being balanced, operate the switches in a combination switching mode such that a traction gate and a generator gate of the switches of the voltage converter portion have alternating pulse width modulation ON periods,

in response to VVC power throughput recharging the battery, operate the gate driver in a generation switching mode such that a duty cycle of the traction gate is zero, and

in response to VVC power throughput depleting the battery, operate the gate driver in a traction switching mode such that a duty cycle of the generator gate is zero.

12. The vehicle of claim 11, wherein the gate driver alternates between independent duty cycles for a traction gate and a generator gate in the combination switching mode.

13. The vehicle of claim 11, wherein the duty cycle of the traction gate is greater in duration than a corresponding ON period.

14. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the duty cycle of the traction gate is equal to a sum of the corresponding ON period and a dead time associated with the corresponding ON period.

15. The vehicle of claim 11, wherein the duty cycle of the generation gate is greater in duration than a corresponding ON period.

16. The vehicle of claim 15, wherein the duty cycle of the generation gate is equal to a sum of the corresponding ON period and a dead time associated with the corresponding ON period.

17. The vehicle of claim 11, wherein the VVC power throughput being balanced is based on a power rating of the motor and the generator.

18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the VVC power throughput recharging the battery is based on a power rating of the motor and generator.

19. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the VVC power throughput depleting the battery is based on a power rating of the motor and generator.

20. A vehicle power system comprising:

a variable voltage converter configured to, in response to a throughput magnitude falling below a threshold, toggle switches associated with a traction mode and generator mode such that the switches have alternating pulse width modulation ON periods, and in response to the throughput exceeding the threshold, toggle the switches such that a duty cycle of one of the switches is zero.