Electric vehicle and discharging apparatus thereof

• US 10,173,545 B2
• Filed: 12/31/2012
• Issued: 01/08/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BYD Company Limited
• Original Assignee: BYD Company Limited, Shenzhen BYD Auto R&D Company Limited (BYD Company Limited)
• Inventors: Wang, Wei, Wang, Hongjun, Li, Zhen, Xu, Cong
• Primary Examiner(s): Henze-Gongola, David V
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rankine, Tarikh Kanem
• Application Number:
  US14/370,044
• Publication Number:
  US 20140354240A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,199 Days
• Field of Search: 320109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/006 to power outlets
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/42 Voltage source inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/22 Standstill, e.g. zero speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/26 Transition between different drive modes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/20 Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 : characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 : characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/60 : using power supplied by batteries in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 : DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 : Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/16 : Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 : Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 : characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 : Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 : Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 : Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 : Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 : for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 : responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/25 : by controlling the electric load
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 : Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/40 : adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 : for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 : the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 : Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0036 : using connection detecting circuits H02J7/0034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0063 : with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 : Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 : in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 : of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 : The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 : using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/542 : the information being in digital form
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle are provided. The discharging apparatus comprises: an AC charging interface, connected with a charging pile and configured to transmit an AC to a power grid via the charging pile; an instrument, configured to send a discharging preparation instruction; a controller, configured to detect whether the AC charging interface is connected with the charging pile after receiving the discharging preparation instruction, and to detect whether there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, and if there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, to switch to an external discharging mode; a battery manager, configured to control an external discharging circuit in a high-voltage distribution box of the electric vehicle to be connected after the controller switches to the external discharging mode; a power battery, connected with the high-voltage distribution box.

Claims

1. A discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle, comprising:

an AC charging interface, connected with a charging pile and configured to transmit AC to a power grid via the charging pile, the charging pile being connected with the power grid;

an instrument, configured to send a discharging preparation instruction after receiving a trigger signal;

a controller, configured to communicate with the instrument and to detect whether the AC charging interface is connected with the charging pile after receiving the discharging preparation instruction, and to detect whether there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, and if there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, to switch to an external discharging mode;

a battery manager, configured to communicate with the controller and to control an external discharging circuit in a high-voltage distribution box of the electric vehicle to be connected after the controller switches to the external discharging mode;

a power battery, connected with the high-voltage distribution box,

wherein the controller is configured to detect whether an electric quantity of the electric vehicle is greater than a predetermined value, and if yes, to convert a DC provided by the external discharging circuit into the AC and to output the AC to the AC charging interface so as to discharge to the power grid;

the external discharging circuit comprises;

a bidirectional DC-DC module connected to the power battery;

a bidirectional DC-AC module connected to the power battery, the bidirectional DC-DC module and a driving control switch connected between the power battery and the bidirectional DC-AC module; and

a charging-discharging control module connected between the bidirectional DC-AC module and the AC charging interface to provide the AC to the AC charging interface after the controller switches to the external discharging mode, the charging-discharging control module and the driving control switch are controlled by a controller module; and

the controller is further configured to detect whether the electric vehicle is currently in a P gear after it is determined that the AC charging interface is connected with the charging pile, and if yes, the controller switches to the external discharging mode, wherein when the controller switches to the external discharging mode, the controller is further configured to;

control the driving control switch to turn off to start the bidirectional DC-DC module;

control a motor control switch to turn off to remove a motor; and

control the charging-discharging control module to turn on.

2. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the instrument and the controller communicate via a CAN bus of a local area network of the controller, and the controller and the battery manager communicate via the CAN bus.

3. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to detect in real-time whether an internal circuit of the controller has a fault and to detect in real-time whether the electric vehicle has a fault during discharging.

4. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC if it is determined that the internal circuit has a fault and/or the electric vehicle has a fault.

5. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery manager is further configured to detect in real-time a current electric quantity of the power battery and to detect in real-time whether the power battery has a fault, if it is determined the power battery has a fault, the battery manager sends a battery fault instruction to the controller, and the controller stops outputting the AC after receiving the battery fault instruction.

6. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC after receiving a discharging finish instruction from the instrument.

7. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to detect a current discharging current in real-time.

8. The discharging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC if it is determined that the charging pile is disconnected with the AC charging interface or the charging pile is disconnected with the power grid.

9. An electric vehicle, comprising a discharging apparatus, the discharging apparatus comprising:

an AC charging interface, connected with a charging pile and configured to transmit AC to a power grid via the charging pile, the charging pile being connected with the power grid;

an instrument, configured to send a discharging preparation instruction after receiving a trigger signal;

a controller, configured to communicate with the instrument and to detect whether the AC charging interface is connected with the charging pile after receiving the discharging preparation instruction, and to detect whether there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, and if there is a PWM wave with a predetermined voltage in the controller, to switch to an external discharging mode;

a battery manager, configured to communicate with the controller and to control an external discharging circuit in a high-voltage distribution box of the electric vehicle to be connected after the controller switches to the external discharging mode;

a power battery, connected with the high-voltage distribution box,

wherein the controller is configured to detect whether an electric quantity of the electric vehicle is greater than a predetermined value, and if yes, to convert a DC provided by the external discharging circuit into the AC and to output the AC to the AC charging interface so as to discharge to the power grid;

the external discharging circuit comprises;

a bidirectional DC-DC module connected to the power battery;

a bidirectional DC-AC module connected to the power battery, the bidirectional DC-DC module and a driving control switch connected between the power battery and the bidirectional DC-AC module; and

a charging-discharging control module connected between the bidirectional DC-AC module and the AC charging interface to provide the AC to the AC charging interface after the controller switches to the external discharging mode, the charging-discharging control module and the driving control switch are controlled by a controller module; and

the controller is further configured to detect whether the electric vehicle is currently in a P gear after it is determined that the AC charging interface is connected with the charging pile, and if yes, the controller switches to the external discharging mode, wherein when the controller switches to the external discharging mode, the controller is further configured to;

control the driving control switch to turn off to start the bidirectional DC-DC module;

control a motor control switch to turn off to remove a motor; and

control the charging-discharging control module to turn on.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the instrument and the controller communicate via a CAN bus of a local area network of the controller, and the controller and the battery manager communicate via the CAN bus.

11. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to detect in real-time whether an internal circuit of the controller has a fault and to detect in real-time whether the electric vehicle has a fault during discharging.

12. The electric vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC if it is determined that the internal circuit has a fault and/or the electric vehicle has a fault.

13. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the battery manager is further configured to detect in real-time a current electric quantity of the power battery and to detect in real-time whether the power battery has a fault, if it is determined the power battery has a fault, the battery manager sends a battery fault instruction to the controller, and the controller stops outputting the AC after receiving the battery fault instruction.

14. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC after receiving a discharging finish instruction from the instrument.

15. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to detect a current discharging current in real-time.

16. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to stop outputting the AC if it is determined that the charging pile is disconnected with the AC charging interface or the charging pile is disconnected with the power grid.