Emulsion including polymers containing a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound, adhesives, coatings, and methods thereof
First Claim
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1. An emulsion comprising:
- i) 30 weight percent or more of a continuous phase including a carrier fluid including water;
ii) a dispersed phase including a polymer and having a surfactant layer in contact with the polymer and with the carrier fluid;
wherein the polymer is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent or more, includes one or more monomers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, and has a number average molecular weight of about 700 g/mole or more, and wherein the polymer has a polydispersity index of about 1.7 or less.
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Abstract
The present teachings show that it is possible to polymerize 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in an emulsion (for example using a water based carrier liquid), despite the possible reactions between the monomer and water. Polymerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in an emulsion provides opportunities to better control the polymerization compared with bulk polymerization. The emulsion polymerization techniques can be employed for preparing homopolymers, copolymers (e.g., random copolymers), and block copolymers.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An emulsion comprising:
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i) 30 weight percent or more of a continuous phase including a carrier fluid including water; ii) a dispersed phase including a polymer and having a surfactant layer in contact with the polymer and with the carrier fluid; wherein the polymer is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent or more, includes one or more monomers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, and has a number average molecular weight of about 700 g/mole or more, and wherein the polymer has a polydispersity index of about 1.7 or less. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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10. An emulsion comprising:
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i) 30 weight percent or more of a continuous phase including a carrier fluid including water, wherein the carrier liquid is present in an amount of about 65 weight percent or less, based on the total weight of the emulsion; and ii) a dispersed phase including a polymer and having a surfactant layer in contact with the polymer and with the carrier fluid, wherein the dispersed phase includes micelles having a number average radius of about 0.10 μ
m to about 300 μ
m and wherein the concentration of the polymer is about 20 weight percent or more;wherein the polymer is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent or more, includes one or more monomers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, and has a number average molecular weight of about 700 g/mole or more; wherein the one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkenes includes methyl propyl methylene malonate, dihexyl methylene malonate, di-isopropyl methylene malonate, butyl methyl methylene malonate, ethoxyethyl ethyl methylene malonate, methoxyethyl methyl methylene malonate, hexyl methyl methylene malonate, dipentyl methylene malonate, ethyl pentyl methylene malonate, methyl pentyl methylene malonate, ethyl ethylmethoxy methylene malonate, ethoxyethyl methyl methylene malonate, butyl ethyl methylene malonate, dibutyl methylene malonate, diethyl methylene malonate (DEMM), diethoxy ethyl methylene malonate, dimethyl methylene malonate, di-n-propyl methylene malonate, ethyl hexyl methylene malonate, methyl fenchyl methylene malonate, ethyl fenchyl methylene malonate, 2-phenylpropyl ethyl methylene malonate, 3-phenylpropyl ethyl methylene malonate, or dimethoxy ethyl methylene malonate wherein the polymer includes a first polymer block including about 10 weight percent or more of a first 1,1-disubstituted alkene; and
a second polymer block including less than 10 weight percent of the first 1,1-disubstituted alkene.
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13. An emulsion comprising:
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i) 30 weight percent or more of a continuous phase including a carrier fluid including water; ii) a dispersed phase including a polymer and having a surfactant layer in contact with the polymer and with the carrier fluid; wherein the polymer is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent or more, includes one or more monomers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, and has a number average molecular weight of about 700 g/mole or more and, wherein the polymer includes a first polymer block including about 10 weight percent or more of a first 1,1-disubstituted alkene; and
a second polymer block including less than 10 weight percent of the first 1,1-disubstituted alkene.
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14. An emulsion comprising:
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i) 30 weight percent or more of a continuous phase including a carrier fluid including water; ii) a dispersed phase including a polymer and having a surfactant layer in contact with the polymer and with the carrier fluid; wherein the polymer is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent or more, includes one or more monomers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, and has a number average molecular weight of about 700 g/mole or more, and wherein the polymer is a block copolymer including a first block having a glass transition temperature of 15°
C. or more, and a second polymer block having a glass transition temperature of less than 15°
C.
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Specification