Hub-link liquid cooling system

• US 10,191,521 B2
• Filed: 05/25/2017
• Issued: 01/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WUXI Kalannipu Thermal Management Technology Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Coolanyp LLC
• Inventors: Cheng, Peng, Wu, Dai Ying
• Primary Examiner(s): Buttar, Mandeep S
• Application Number:
  US15/605,693
• Publication Number:
  US 20180341298A1
• Time in Patent Office: 614 Days
• Field of Search: 165185, 165 804, 165101, 16510421, 165174, 165272, 16510426, 165 46, 361699, 361689, 361700, 36167953, 361688, 361696, 361698, 361697
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/20 Cooling means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2200/201 Cooling arrangements using cooling fluid
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20318 Condensers
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20327 Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20336 Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20772 within server blades for removing heat from heat source
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20809 within server blades for removing heat from heat source
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20818 within cabinets for removing heat from server blades

Abstract

A cooling system for computer systems includes one or more cooling hubs and one or more heat spreading devices. The heat spreading devices have nodes and paths defining inner pathways that enclose a two-phase working fluid. The nodes and paths network acts as links for the two-phase working fluid to absorb and transfer thermal energy from the heat-generating components of the electronic device to the cooling hub. The hub-link structure decouples the direct geometrical relationship between heating components and cooling sources to enable a higher degree of design freedom, space management, and cooling redundancy.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling system, comprising:

a first-heat spreading apparatus having a solid body defining a node-path network that includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of paths, wherein individual paths of the plurality of paths are internal capillary channels and individual nodes of the plurality of nodes join two or more of the internal capillary channels;

a two phase working fluid contained with the node-path network of the heat spreading apparatus;

a cooling hub, in conductive thermal contact with the heat spreading apparatus;

a cooling medium contained within a cooling loop that extends at least partially through the cooling hub; and

a circulation pump configured to circulate the cooling medium within the cooling loop;

wherein the node-path network of the heat spreading apparatus has a self-organized criticality for flow of the two-phase working fluid therein.

2. The liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein:

the cooling hub comprises a body with a closed end and a port end haying a first port and a second port,

the body defines a first lumen extending through the body from the first port toward the closed end and a second lumen extending through the body from the second port toward the closed end, and

the first lumen and the second lumen are in fluid communication at the closed end.

3. The liquid cooling system of claim 2, wherein the cooling hub further comprises a plurality of fins extending longitudinally within the first lumen and the second lumen.

4. The liquid cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a separate heat transfer device integrated to the heat spreading apparatus to adjust heat flow.

5. The liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein the heat spreading apparatus has a first planar surface and a second planar surface for transferring heat from heat sources that are not co-planar.

6. The liquid cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a secondary heat exchanger to transfer heat from the cooling medium to an ambient environment.

7. A method, comprising:

providing a heat spreading apparatus in contact with one or more heat-generating components of a first electronic device, the heat spreading apparatus containing a two-phase working fluid within a node-path network defined by a solid body of the heat spreading apparatus, wherein the node-path network includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of paths, wherein individual paths of the plurality of paths are internal capillary channels and individual nodes of the plurality of nodes join two or more of the internal capillary channels;

providing a cooling hub in surface contact with at least a portion of the heat spreading apparatus, the cooling hub containing a cooling fluid configured to circulate through a cooling loop that extends at least partially through the cooling hub;

transferring heat from the one or more heat-generating components into the heat spreading apparatus and to the two-phase working fluid to cause heat and mass flow of the two-phase working fluid through the node-path network, the heat and mass flow of the two-phase working fluid achieving self-organized criticality;

transferring heat from the two-phase working fluid in the heat spreading apparatus to the cooling fluid within the cooling hub via conductive thermal contact between the heat spreading apparatus and the cooling hub; and

transferring the heat from the cooling fluid to an ambient environment by circulating the cooling fluid through the cooling loop from the cooling hub to a heat exchanger.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

providing a second heat spreading apparatus in contact with one or more additional heat generating components of the first electronic device and in thermal communication with the cooling hub.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

providing a second cooling hub in thermal contact with the heat spreading apparatus and the second heat spreading apparatus;

transferring heat from the heat spreading apparatus to the cooling hub and the second cooling hub; and

transferring heat from the second heat spreading apparatus to the cooling hub and the second cooling hub.

11. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

providing a second heat spreading apparatus in thermal communication with a second electronic device;

providing a second cooling hub in thermal communication with the second heating spreading apparatus to collect and transfer heat away from the second electronic device via the second heat spreading apparatus and the second cooling hub; and

providing a circulatory pump connecting the cooling hub and the second cooling hub in series.

12. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

providing a fluid manifold in fluid communication with the cooling hub;

providing a second cooling hub in fluid communication with the fluid manifold;

providing a first circulatory pump coupled to the fluid manifold;

providing a second circulatory pump coupled to the fluid manifold; and

circulating, by the first circulatory pump and the second circulatory pump, the cooling fluid through the cooling hub and the second cooling hub.

8. The method of 7, further comprising:

providing a second heat spreading apparatus in contact with one or more second heat-generating components of a second electronic device, the second heat spreading apparatus containing a second two-phase working fluid within a second node-path network; and

placing the second heat spreading apparatus in surface contact with the cooling hub, thereby configuring the cooling hub to provide thermal transfer from both the first electronic device and the second electronic device.

13. A system, comprising:

a closed cooling loop at least partially defined by an internal fluid pathway of a cooling hub, the closed cooling loop containing a two-phase cooling fluid and comprising a condenser for condensing the two-phase cooling fluid from a vapor phase to a liquid phase; and

a heat spreading apparatus containing a two-phase working fluid within a node-path network defined by a solid body of the heat spreading apparatus, wherein the node-path network includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of paths, wherein individual paths of the plurality of paths are internal capillary channels and individual nodes of the plurality of nodes join at least two of the internal capillary channels, and wherein the heat spreading apparatus is in thermal contact with the cooling hub such that heat energy from the two-phase working fluid of the heat spreading apparatus is transferred to transfer heat to the two-phase cooling fluid of the closed cooling loop;

wherein the node-path network of the heat spreading apparatus has a self-organized criticality for flow of the two-phases working fluid therein.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising a second heat spreading apparatus in thermal contact with the cooling hub.

15. The system of as in claim 14, wherein the heat spreading apparatus is located within a first electronic device and the second heat spreading apparatus is located within a second electronic device.

16. The system of claim 13, further comprising a pump to circulate the two-phase cooling fluid within the closed cooling loop.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein the heat spreading apparatus is in thermal contact with one or more heat-generating components mounted to a printed circuit board of an electronic device.

18. The system of claim 13, wherein the heat spreading apparatus is configured to mount inside an electronic device and to make surface contact with one or more heat generating components attached to a printed circuit board within the electronic device.

19. The system of claim 13, wherein the plurality of nodes contains one or more heat absorption nodes and one or more heat dissipation nodes, the one or more heat dissipation nodes being positioned at a location of the thermal contact between the heat spreading apparatus and the cooling hub.