Medication management systems and methods for health and health related facilities

• US 10,192,035 B2
• Filed: 02/22/2016
• Issued: 01/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BTP Fund, LP
• Original Assignee: Cerx Pharmacy Partners, LP
• Inventors: Stephens, Stewart W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tomaszewski, Michael
• Application Number:
  US15/050,460
• Publication Number:
  US 20160171176A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,072 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/22 Social work or social welfare, e.g. community support activities or counselling services
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 9/001 Interfacing with vending machines using mobile or wearable devices
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 9/002 Vending machines being part of a centrally controlled network of vending machines
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 10/60 for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/13 delivered from dispensers

Abstract

A system and method for control of prescription drug packaging and dispensing machines located in an in-patient health care facility including centralized control and enhanced communication between system components. Delay and errors in processing item data in the prescription dispensing system are reduced by using concise ID data incorporated into each canister memory chip and storing canister contents data elsewhere. Canisters are configured in a pharmacy using interchangeable parts. Data being processed is synchronized by a combination of user tokens (who), data identifiers (what), and unique Ids for the entities in the system (where). The foregoing combination enables substantial efficiency improvements and error reduction.

Claims

1. A drug management system for initiating and tracking dispensation and administration of medications to individual patients, the drug management system comprising:

an order entry system configured to;

receive a first patient specific medication order for a first patient and a first medication,

communicate at least a portion of the first patient specific medication order through one or more networks,

receive a second patient specific medication order for a second patient and a second medication, and

communicate at least a portion of the second patient specific medication order through the one or more networks;

an order management system configured with one or more processors associated with one or more servers, the order management system in communication with the one or more networks and operable to receive the at least a portion of the first patient specific medication order, and further configured to;

generate at least a first electronic record associated with the first patient, wherein the first electronic record is at least partially based on the at least a portion of the first patient specific medication order, and wherein the first electronic record is configured to include information regarding;

(i) dispensation actions of the first medication, and (ii) administration actions of the first medication, the administration actions of the first medication associated with an administration schedule of the first medication for the first patient,

communicate through the one or more networks the dispensation actions of the first medication,

communicate through the one or more networks the administration actions of the first medication to the first patient,

store the first electronic record associated with the first medication for the first patient, the first electronic record being capable of storing at least a first dispensation action for the first medication, and being capable of storing at least a first administration action of the first medication to the first patient,

generate at least a second electronic record associated with the second patient, wherein the second electronic record is at least partially based on the at least a portion of the second patient specific medication order, and wherein the second electronic record is configured to include information regarding;

(i) dispensation actions of the second medication, and (ii) administration actions of the second medication associated with an administration schedule of the second medication for the second patient,

communicate through the one or more networks at least a first dispensation action of the second medication,

communicate through the one or more networks at least a first administration action of the second medication to the second patient, and

store the second electronic record associated with the second medication for the second patient, the second electronic record being capable of storing the at least the first dispensation action for the second medication, and being capable of storing at least the first administration action of the second medication to the second patient;

a first medication dispensing system located at a first facility, the first medication dispensing system configured with one or more processors, and in communication with the order management system through the one or more networks, the first medication dispensing system further configured to;

receive a first request to dispense the first medication associated with the first electronic record,

release the first medication associated with the first request, enabled by a first automated medication packaging and dispensing machine (first ADM) that includes a plurality of canisters retained in the first ADM during operation and containing and being coded for a particular medication, at least one canister coded for the first medication being initiated by the first request to release at least one of the first medication contained therein, the at least one of the first medication being in a form of an individual pill, individual tablet, individual caplet, or individual capsule,

package the released at least one of the first medication for the first patient into at least a first package after release by the first ADM,

dispense, after packaging, at least the first package for the first patient by the first ADM,

update the first electronic record associated with the first patient to indicate that the packaged and dispensed first medication in accordance with the first request has been dispensed,

update the first electronic record associated with the first patient to indicate that the packaged and dispensed first medication for the first patient, packaged and dispensed in accordance with the first request, has been administered to the first patient, and

store the updated first electronic record; and

a second medication dispensing system located at a second facility, the second medication dispensing system configured with one or more processors, and in communication with the order management system through the one or more networks, the second medication dispensing system further configured to;

receive a second request to dispense the second medication associated with the second electronic record,

release the second medication associated with the second request, enabled by a second automated medication packaging and dispensing machine (second ADM) that includes a plurality of canisters retained in the second ADM during operation and containing and being coded for a particular medication, at least one canister coded for the second medication being initiated by the second request to release at least one of the second medication contained therein, the at least one of the second medication being in a form of an individual pill, individual tablet, individual caplet, or individual capsule,

package the released at least one of the second medication for the second patient into at least a second package after release by the second ADM,

dispense, after packaging, at least the second package for the second patient by the second ADM,

update the second electronic record associated with the second patient to indicate that the packaged and dispensed second medication in accordance with the second request has been dispensed,

update the second electronic record associated with the second patient to indicate that the packaged and dispensed second medication for the second patient, packaged and dispensed in accordance with the second request, has been administered to the second patient, and

store the updated second electronic record.

2. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the first medication for the first patient is released from more than one canister.

3. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the first ADM generates an identifier on the at least the first package, the identifier for associating the packaged and dispensed first medication with the first patient, and with the first patient specific medication order, and for providing information to the first electronic record.

4. The drug management system of claim 3, wherein the identifier is one or more from the group that includes a bar code, an optical code, a printed element, a badge, a label, a magnetic element, and a readable image.

5. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the update the first electronic record associated with the first patient includes recording a time the packaged and dispensed first medication is dispensed, and recording information associated with identity of a health care professional initiating dispensation of the packaged and dispensed first medication.

6. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the update of the first electronic record associated with the first patient includes recording a time the first medication is administered, and recording information associated with identity of a health care professional administering the packaged and dispensed first medication to the first patient.

7. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein one or more canisters further comprise at least a canister code to identify a particular canister.

8. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein one or more canisters further comprise at least a canister code to identify the particular medication contained therein, the canister code based in part on dimensional attributes of the particular medication type contained therein.

9. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the first request is initiated at a device having a touch screen display.

10. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the first facility is a healthcare facility having associated with at least the first medication dispensing system at least one database in operable communication with the order management system via the one or more networks.

11. The drug management system of claim 1, wherein the first facility is a retail facility having associated with at least the first medication dispensing system at least one database in operable communication with the order management system via the one or more networks.

12. A method for initiating and tracking dispensation and administration of medications to individual patients, the method comprising:

receiving a first patient specific medication order for a first patient and a first medication, the first patient specific medication order accessible by an order entry system;

receiving a second patient specific medication order for a second patient and a second medication, the second patient specific medication order accessible by the order entry system;

communicating at least a portion of the first patient specific medication order through one or more networks to at least an order management system at least partially remote from the order entry system, the order management system accessible through the one or more networks;

communicating at least a portion of the second patient specific medication order through the one or more networks to at least the order management system,

generating, via one or more processors associated with one or more servers, at least a first electronic record associated with the first medication for the first patient, and based at least in part on the at least a portion of the first patient specific medication order, wherein the first electronic record is accessible through the one or more networks, and includes information regarding;

(i) dispensation actions of the first medication, and (ii) administration actions of the first medication to the first patient, the administration actions of the first medication associated with an administration schedule of the first medication for the first patient;

storing the at least the first electronic record associated with the first medication for the first patient at the order management system;

dispensing, at a first location the first medication in one or more first packets in accordance with the at least the first electronic record associated with the first patient and the first patient specific medication order, the dispensing provided by a first automated medication packaging and dispensing machine (first ADM) including a plurality of canisters retained during operation in the first ADM, and containing and being coded for a particular medication, in which the canister coded for the first medication for the first patient is configured to release the first medication in a form of at least one individual pill, individual tablet, individual caplet, or individual capsule;

updating the at least the first electronic record to indicate dispensing of the one or more first packets; and

updating the at least the first electronic record upon administration of the one or more first packets to the first patient, the updating indicating administration of the first medication contained in the one or more first packets to the first patient.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

using a wireless device to indicate when the first medication contained in the one or more first packets has been administered to the first patient.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein at least a portion of the at least the first electronic record is saved locally.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein updating the at least the first electronic record to indicate dispensing, and updating the at least the first electronic record upon administration, are provided to the order management system periodically.

16. The method of claim 12 further comprising encoding the one or more first packets, and scanning the encoding when administering the one or more first packets to the first patient.

17. The method of claim 12 further comprising providing a work station in operable communication with the first ADM, wherein the work station communicates with the order management system through the one or more networks.

18. The method of claim 12 further comprising accessing the at least the first electronic record, and communicating the at least the first electronic record with at least one or more of the order entry system, the first ADM, a resource center, a billings system, a pharmacy information system, a pharmacy user system, and an electronic health record.

19. The method of claim 12 further comprising assigning an access token to each authorized user to enable access to the at least the first electronic record.

20. The method of claim 12 further comprising storing a subset of information about the dispensing, and the administration to the first patient, remote from the order management system to ensure continuity in case of a network outage.

21. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

generating, via one or more processors associated with one or more servers, at least a second electronic record associated with the second medication for the second patient, and based at least in part on the at least a portion of the second patient specific medication order, wherein the second electronic record is accessible through the one or more networks, and includes information regarding;

(i) dispensation actions of the second medication, and (ii) administration actions of the second medication to the second patient, the administration actions of the second medication associated with an administration schedule of the second medication for the second patient;

storing the at least the second electronic record associated with the second medication for the second patient at the order management system;

dispensing, at a second location the second medication in one or more second packets in accordance with the at least the second electronic record associated with the second patient and the second patient specific medication order, the dispensing provided by a second automated medication packaging and dispensing machine (second ADM) including a plurality of canisters retained during operation in the second ADM, and containing and being coded for a particular medication, in which the canister coded for the second medication for the second patient is configured to release the second medication in a form of at least one individual pill, individual tablet, individual caplet, or individual capsule;

updating the at least the second electronic record to indicate dispensing of the one or more second packets; and

updating the at least the second electronic record upon administration of the one or more second packets to the second patient, the updating indicating administration of the second medication contained in the one or more second packets to the second patient.