Wireless inductive power transfer

• US 10,193,393 B2
• Filed: 09/11/2015
• Issued: 01/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Koninklijke Philips N.V.
• Original Assignee: Koninklijke Philips N.V.
• Inventors: Ettes, Wilhelmus Gerardus Maria, Staring, Antonius Adriaan Maria, Lulofs, Klaas Jacob, Veltman, Eddy Gerrit
• Primary Examiner(s): Amaya, Carlos
• Application Number:
  US15/506,119
• Publication Number:
  US 20180219419A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,236 Days
• Field of Search: 307104
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/015 with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/3376 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/266 One coil at each side, e.g. with primary and secondary coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A wireless power transfer system includes a power receiver and a power transmitter providing power to this using an inductive power signal. The power transmitter comprises a variable resonance circuit (201) having a variable resonance frequency and generating the inductive power signal. A driver (203) generates the drive signal and a load modulation receiver (303) demodulates load modulation of the inductive power signal. An adaptor (305) adapts the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to converge, and specifically is arranged to control the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to be substantially the same. The adaptation of the operating frequency and the resonance frequency is further in response to a demodulation quality measure. The invention may allow improved communication, and in particular may reduce intermodulation distortion.

Claims

1. A power transmitter for wirelessly providing power to a power receiver using an inductive power signal;

the power transmitter comprising;

a variable resonance circuit for generating the inductive power signal in response to a drive signal, the variable resonance circuit having a resonance frequency being a variable resonance frequency;

a driver for generating the drive signal for the variable resonance circuit, the drive signal having an operating frequency;

a load modulation receiver for demodulating load modulation of the inductive power signal by the power receiver and for generating a demodulation quality measure; and

an adaptor for adapting the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to converge, the adaptation of the operating frequency and the resonance frequency further being in response to the demodulation quality measure.

2. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the demodulation quality measure comprises a modulation depth measure reflecting a difference measure for measurements of at least one of a current and a voltage of the variable resonance circuit for different modulation loads of the inductive power transfer.

3. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the demodulation quality measure comprises a data demodulation error rate.

4. The power transmitter of claim 3 wherein the adaptor is arranged to change the operating frequency and the resonance frequency in response to a detection of the data demodulation error rate exceeding a threshold.

5. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the adaptor is further arranged to determine a power transfer property being a property of a power transfer to the power receiver, and the adaptor is arranged to adapt the operating frequency and the resonance frequency in response to the power transfer property.

6. The power transmitter of claim 5 wherein the power transfer property reflects at least one of a power level for the power signal and a power transfer efficiency measure.

7. The power transmitter of claim 5 further comprising a power controller for adapting a duty cycle of the drive signal in response to a power request received from the power receiver.

8. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the adaptor is arranged to adapt the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to deviate from a maximum power transfer efficiency frequency.

9. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the adaptor is arranged to adapt the resonance frequency and the operating frequency in response to an intermodulation measure indicative of an intermodulation between the resonance frequency and the operating frequency.

10. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the adaptor is arranged to perform a joint adaptation of the operating frequency and the resonance frequency in response to the demodulation quality measure, the joint adaptation maintaining a fixed relationship between the operating frequency and the resonance frequency.

11. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the adaptor is arranged to adapt the resonance frequency and the operating frequency to be substantially equal.

12. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the power transmitter is arranged to determine the demodulation quality measure in response to a comparison of measured load modulation and expected load modulation for a reference data pattern.

13. The power transmitter of claim 1 wherein the resonance circuit comprises a capacitive impedance and an inductive impedance;

the power transmitter further comprises a frequency modification circuit for controlling the resonance frequency by slowing a state change for at least one of the capacitive impedance and the inductive impedance for a fractional time interval of at least some cycles of the drive signal, the frequency modification circuit being arranged to align at least one of a start time and an end time for the fractional time interval to transitions of a timing signal; and

the driver is arranged to generate the timing signal to have transitions synchronized to the drive signal.

14. The power transmitter of claim 13 wherein the frequency modification circuit comprises a switch and rectifier and the frequency modification circuit is arranged to align one of the start time and the end time to the transitions and to align the other of the start time and the end time to the rectifier switching between a non-conductive and a conductive state.

15. A method of operation for a power transmitter for wirelessly providing power to a power receiver using an inductive power signal, the power transmitter comprising a variable resonance circuit for generating the inductive power signal in response to a drive signal, the variable resonance circuit having a resonance frequency being a variable resonance frequency;

the method comprising;

generating the drive signal for the variable resonance circuit, the drive signal having an operating frequency;

demodulating load modulation of the inductive power signal by the power receiver;

generating a demodulation quality measure; and

adapting the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to converge, the adaptation of the operating frequency and the resonance frequency further being in response to the demodulation quality measure.

16. A wireless power transfer system including a power receiver and a power transmitter for wirelessly providing power to the power receiver using an inductive power signal;

the power transmitter comprising;

a variable resonance circuit for generating the inductive power signal in response to a drive signal, the variable resonance circuit having a resonance frequency being a variable resonance frequency;

a driver for generating the drive signal for the variable resonance circuit, the drive signal having an operating frequency;

a load modulation receiver for demodulating load modulation of the inductive power signal by the power receiver and for generating a demodulation quality measure; and

an adaptor for adapting the operating frequency and the resonance frequency to converge, the adaptation of the operating frequency and the resonance frequency further being in response to a demodulation quality measure.

17. The wireless power transfer system of claim 16 wherein the power transmitter further comprises a transmitter for transmitting an indication of a reference data pattern to the power receiver, the power receiver is arranged to load modulate the power signal with the reference data pattern indicated by the indication of the reference data pattern, and the power transmitter is arranged to determine the demodulation quality measure in response to a comparison of measured load modulation and expected load modulation for the reference data pattern.

18. The wireless power transfer system of claim 16 wherein the power receiver is arranged to load modulate the power signal with a reference data pattern, and the power transmitter is arranged to determine the demodulation quality measure in response to a comparison of measured load modulation and expected load modulation for the reference data pattern, the power receiver being arranged to determine a timing for load modulating the power signal by the reference data pattern relative to a timing signal received from the power transmitter.