Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices
First Claim
1. A Faradaic solid-state energy storage device comprising:
- a first electrode,wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, andwherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting metal;
a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode,wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, andwherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure; and
a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte,wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, andwherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting metal.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Described are solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices and methods of making solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices in which components of the batteries are truly solid-state and do not comprise a gel. Nor do they rely on lithium-containing electrolytes. Electrolytes useful with the solid-state electrochemical energy storage described herein include, for example, ceramic electrolytes exhibiting a crystal structure including voids or crystallographic defects that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions across a layer of the ceramic electrolyte. Disclosed methods of making solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices include multi-stage deposition processes, in which an electrode is deposited in a first stage and an electrolyte is deposited in a second stage.
295 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A Faradaic solid-state energy storage device comprising:
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a first electrode, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting metal; a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, and wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure; and a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting metal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of making a Faradaic solid-state energy storage device, the method comprising:
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depositing a first electrode on a substrate, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, wherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting metal, and wherein depositing the first electrode includes depositing using a first controllable deposition method; depositing a solid electrolyte on the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure, and wherein depositing the solid electrolyte includes depositing using a second controllable deposition method; and depositing a second electrode on the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, wherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting metal, and wherein depositing the second electrode includes depositing using a third controllable deposition method. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A device comprising:
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a Faradaic solid-state energy storage device, wherein the Faradaic solid-state energy storage device includes; a first electrode, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting metal; a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, and wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure; and a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting metal; and one or more integrated circuit elements positioned in electrical communication with the first electrode or the second electrode such that the one or more integrated circuit elements receive electrical energy stored by the Faradaic solid-state energy storage device. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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Specification