Wireless battery charger with wireless control system
First Claim
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1. An electrical charging system configured to wirelessly charge an energy storage device, comprising:
- an electrical power supply configured to source electrical power having an alternating output current and an alternating output voltage;
an output current sensor configured to determine an output current value (io) based on an output current and an output voltage sensor configured to determine an output voltage value (vo) based on the output voltage;
a source coil in electrical communication with the electrical power supply and configured to generate an alternating magnetic field;
a capture coil configured to be magnetically coupled to said source coil, thereby inducing the capture coil to capture the electrical power;
a rectifier electrically coupled to the capture coil and the energy storage device and configured to provide captured electrical power having a direct voltage and a direct current;
a battery charging controller configured to determine a current command value (ic);
a direct current sensor configured to determine a direct current value (id) based on the direct current and a direct voltage sensor configured to determine a direct voltage value (vd) based on the direct voltage;
a transmitter configured to transmit a sampled current command value (ics), a sampled direct voltage value (vds), and a sampled direct current value (ids) at a transmission rate, wherein the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and direct current value (ids) are sampled from the current command value (ic), direct voltage value (vd), and the direct current value (id) respectively;
a receiver configured to wirelessly receive the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids) from the transmitter; and
a system controller in electrical communication with the receiver and the electrical power supply and configured to determine a voltage command value (vc) based on the output current value (io), the output voltage value (vo), the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids), wherein the electrical power supply is configured to adjust the output voltage value (vo) based on the voltage command value (vc), wherein a rate at which the voltage command value (vc) is determined by the system controller is greater than the transmission rate of the transmitter, wherein the system controller determines the voltage command value (vc) based on a difference between the sampled current command value (ics) and a predicted current value (ip) according to the Laplace transform formula;
vc=(ics−
ip)*(KP2+KI2/S), wherein a value of KP2 is a proportional constant and a value of KI2 is an integral constant, wherein the predicted current value (ip) is determined, via the system controller, according to an adaptive model formula;
ip=((K1*vo*io)−
K0)/vds, wherein a value of K0 is determined, via the system controller, based on the formula K0=(ids−
ip)*(KP3+KI3/S), wherein a value of KP3 is a proportional constant and a value of KI3 is an integral constant, wherein K0 is variable within a first predetermined range, wherein a value of K1 is determined, via the system controller, based on the formula K1=(ids−
ip-1)*(KP1+KI1/S), wherein a value of KP1 is a proportional constant and a value of KI1 is an integral constant, and wherein K1 is variable within a second predetermined range.
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Abstract
A wireless electrical charging system and a method of operating same wherein operating parameters from a remote portion of the system are wirelessly transmitted to a system controller controlling the output voltage of an alternating power supply. The system controller executes an adaptive model control algorithm that allows the system controller to update the output voltage at a greater rate than the transmission rate of the operating parameters from the remote portion of the system.
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Citations
16 Claims
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1. An electrical charging system configured to wirelessly charge an energy storage device, comprising:
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an electrical power supply configured to source electrical power having an alternating output current and an alternating output voltage; an output current sensor configured to determine an output current value (io) based on an output current and an output voltage sensor configured to determine an output voltage value (vo) based on the output voltage; a source coil in electrical communication with the electrical power supply and configured to generate an alternating magnetic field; a capture coil configured to be magnetically coupled to said source coil, thereby inducing the capture coil to capture the electrical power; a rectifier electrically coupled to the capture coil and the energy storage device and configured to provide captured electrical power having a direct voltage and a direct current; a battery charging controller configured to determine a current command value (ic); a direct current sensor configured to determine a direct current value (id) based on the direct current and a direct voltage sensor configured to determine a direct voltage value (vd) based on the direct voltage; a transmitter configured to transmit a sampled current command value (ics), a sampled direct voltage value (vds), and a sampled direct current value (ids) at a transmission rate, wherein the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and direct current value (ids) are sampled from the current command value (ic), direct voltage value (vd), and the direct current value (id) respectively; a receiver configured to wirelessly receive the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids) from the transmitter; and a system controller in electrical communication with the receiver and the electrical power supply and configured to determine a voltage command value (vc) based on the output current value (io), the output voltage value (vo), the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids), wherein the electrical power supply is configured to adjust the output voltage value (vo) based on the voltage command value (vc), wherein a rate at which the voltage command value (vc) is determined by the system controller is greater than the transmission rate of the transmitter, wherein the system controller determines the voltage command value (vc) based on a difference between the sampled current command value (ics) and a predicted current value (ip) according to the Laplace transform formula;
vc=(ics−
ip)*(KP2+KI2/S), wherein a value of KP2 is a proportional constant and a value of KI2 is an integral constant, wherein the predicted current value (ip) is determined, via the system controller, according to an adaptive model formula;
ip=((K1*vo*io)−
K0)/vds, wherein a value of K0 is determined, via the system controller, based on the formula K0=(ids−
ip)*(KP3+KI3/S), wherein a value of KP3 is a proportional constant and a value of KI3 is an integral constant, wherein K0 is variable within a first predetermined range, wherein a value of K1 is determined, via the system controller, based on the formula K1=(ids−
ip-1)*(KP1+KI1/S), wherein a value of KP1 is a proportional constant and a value of KI1 is an integral constant, and wherein K1 is variable within a second predetermined range. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method of operating an electrical charging system configured to wirelessly charge an energy storage device having an electrical power supply configured to source electrical power having an alternating output current and an alternating output voltage at a desired frequency, a source coil in electrical communication with the electrical power supply and configured to generate an alternating magnetic field, a capture coil configured to be magnetically coupled to said source coil, thereby inducing the capture coil to capture the electrical power, a rectifier electrically coupled to the capture coil and the energy storage device and configured to provide captured electrical power having a direct voltage and a direct current, and a system controller in electrical communication with the electrical power supply and configured to adjust the alternating output voltage, said method comprising the steps of:
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providing an output current sensor configured to determine an output current value (io) based on an output current and providing an output voltage sensor configured to determine an output voltage value (vo) based on the output voltage; providing a battery charging controller configured to determine a current command value (ic);
providing a direct current sensor configured to determine a direct current value (id) based on the direct current and providing a direct voltage sensor configured to determine a direct voltage value (vd) based on the direct voltage;sampling the values of the current command value (ic), direct voltage value (vd), and the direct current value (id); providing a transmitter configured to transmit a sampled current command value (ics), a sampled direct voltage value (vds), and a sampled direct current value (ids) at a transmission rate and providing a receiver configured to wirelessly receive the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids) from the transmitter; transmitting the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids) from the transmitter to the receiver; determining a voltage command value (vc), via the system controller, based on the output current value (io), the output voltage value (vo), the sampled current command value (ics), the sampled direct voltage value (vds), and the sampled direct current value (ids), wherein a rate at which the voltage command value (vc) is determined by the system controller is greater than the transmission rate of the transmitter; and adjusting the output voltage value (vo) of the electrical power supply based on the voltage command value (vc), wherein the voltage command value (vc) is determined, via the system controller, based on a difference between the sampled current command value (ics) and a predicted current value (ip) according to the Laplace transform formula;
vc=(ics−
ip)*(KP2+KI2/S), wherein a value of KP2 is a proportional constant and a value of KI2 is an integral constant, wherein the predicted current value (ip) is determined, via the system controller, according to an adaptive model formula;
ip=((K1*vo*io)−
K0)/vds, wherein a value of K0 is determined by the system controller based on the formula K0=(ids−
ip)*(KP3+KI3/S), wherein a value of KP3 is a proportional constant and a value of KI3 is an integral constant, wherein K0 is variable within a first predetermined range, wherein a value of K1 is determined by the system controller based on the formula K1=(ids−
ip-1)*(KP1+KI1/S), wherein a value of KP1 is a proportional constant and a value of KI1 is an integral constant, and wherein K1 is variable within a second predetermined range. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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Specification