Rewriting of data stored in defective storage regions into other storage regions

• US 10,210,900 B2
• Filed: 12/22/2016
• Issued: 02/19/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/2016
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Matsuo, Takashi, Yoshida, Kenji
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Denise
• Application Number:
  US15/389,254
• Publication Number:
  US 20170221519A1
• Time in Patent Office: 789 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2017 where memory access, memory control or I/O control functionality is redundant redundant communication control functionality G06F11/2005; redundant storage control functionality G06F11/2089
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/10 Address translation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/65 Details of virtual memory and virtual address translation
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1889 with discs

Abstract

A storage apparatus includes a storage disk including a plurality of tracks each of which includes a plurality of sectors, a head configured to write data in and read data from the storage disk, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the head to carry out reading of a group of data units from target sectors in a target track of the storage disk, the group of data units being associated with a command received from an external device, determine whether or not the target sectors include one or more defective sectors based on result of the reading, and control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track or another track, when the target sectors are determined to include the defective sectors.

Claims

1. A storage apparatus comprising:

a storage disk including a plurality of tracks each of which includes a plurality of sectors;

a head configured to write data in and read data from the storage disk; and

a controller configured to

control the head to carry out reading of a group of data units from target sectors in a target track of the storage disk, the group of data units being associated with a command received from an external device,

determine whether or not the target sectors include one or more defective sectors based on result of the reading, and

control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track or another track, when the target sectors are determined to include the defective sectors, wherein the controller is further configured to

determine whether or not the target track includes at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, where N is greater than or equal to the number of the target sectors, and if so, to control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track.

2. The storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of another track if the target track does not include at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors.

3. The storage apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether or not a track that is physically adjacent to the target track includes at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, where N is greater than or equal to the number of the target sectors, and if so, to control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the physical adjacent track.

4. The storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track and of another track that is physically adjacent to the target track.

5. The storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the controller determines a sector to be defective if a data unit stored therein is read by performing more than a threshold number of read operations.

6. The storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the controller is further configured to maintain a mapping between an identification or a logical address of the data to be read and a physical location of the storage disk, and specifies the group of data units associated with the command by referring to the mapping.

7. The storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the controller is further configured to control the head to write, in the physically consecutive non-written sectors, one or more other data units that are frequently read along with the group of data units.

8. A storage apparatus comprising:

a storage disk including a plurality of tracks each of which includes a plurality of sectors;

a head configured to write data in and read data from the storage disk; and

a controller configured to

control the head to carry out reading of a group of data units from target sectors in a target track of the storage disk, the group of data units being associated with a command received from an external device,

determine whether or not the target sectors include one or more defective sectors based on result of the reading, and

control the head to write the data units stored in the defective sectors in non-written sectors of the target track, if available, or otherwise, in non-written sectors of another track, when the target sectors are determined to include the one or more defective sectors.

9. The storage apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the controller is further configured to control the head to write the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of another track, the number of non-written sectors of the target track is less than the number of the defective sectors.

10. The storage apparatus according to claim 9, wherein

the controller is further configured to control the head to write, in the physically consecutive non-written sectors, one or more other data units that are frequently read along with the group of data units.

11. The storage apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the another track is physically adjacent to the target track.

12. The storage apparatus according to claim 8, wherein

the controller determines a sector to be defective if a data unit stored therein is read by performing more than a threshold number of read operations.

13. The storage apparatus according to claim 8, wherein

the controller is further configured to maintain a mapping between an identification or a logical address of the data to be read and a physical location of the storage disk, and specifies the group of data units associated with the command by referring to the mapping.

14. A method for storing data in a storage apparatus including a storage disk including a plurality of tracks each of which includes a plurality of sectors, the method comprising:

carrying out reading of a group of data units from target sectors in a target track of the storage disk, the group of data units being associated with a command received from an external device;

determining whether or not the target sectors include one or more defective sectors based on result of the reading;

writing the group of data units in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track or another track, when the target sectors are determined to include the defective sectors; and

determining whether or not the target track includes at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, where N is greater than or equal to the number of the target sectors, wherein

if the target track includes at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, the group of data units is written in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein

if the target track does not include at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, the group of data units is written in physically consecutive non-written sectors of another track.

16. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:

if the target track does not include at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, determining whether or not another track includes at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors, and if not, carrying out defragmentation of data stored in the storage disk to free up at least at least N physically consecutive non-written sectors.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the group of data units is written in physically consecutive non-written sectors of the target track and of another track that is physically adjacent to the target track.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein a sector is determined to be defective if a data unit stored therein is read by performing more than a threshold number of read operations.