Hybrid energy storage module arrangements

• US 10,211,632 B2
• Filed: 08/05/2016
• Issued: 02/19/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 08/05/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Wilhide, Matthew L., Courtney, Christopher J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kaplan, Hal
• Application Number:
  US15/230,181
• Publication Number:
  US 20180041028A1
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 307 52
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/102 being switching converters H02J1/108, H02J1/12 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 15/00 Systems for storing electric energy mechanical systems therefor F01-F04; in chemical form H01M
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/18 The network being internal to a power source or plant
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/04 by static converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/50 On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency

Abstract

A hybrid energy storage module includes a bus lead and two or more high-power modules connectable to the bus lead. A controller is operably connected to a first of the high-power modules and a second of the high-power module. The controller has a pulse mode, where the first high-power module is connected to the bus lead. The controller also has an extended mode, where both the first high-power module and the second high-power module are connected to the bus lead.

Claims

1. A hybrid energy storage module (ESM), comprising:

a bus lead;

a first high-power module connectable to the bus lead, the first high-power module including a high-power DC/DC converter and an ultracapacitor or a supercapacitor;

a second high-power module connectable to the bus lead, the second high-power module including a DC/DC converter and a lithium-ion battery of a phosphate or manganese descriptor or nickel metal hydrate chemistry; and

a controller operably connected to the first high-power module and the second high-power module,

wherein the controller has (a) a pulse mode wherein the controller connects the first high-power module to the bus lead, and (b) an extended mode wherein the controller connects the first high-power module and the second high-power module to the bus lead to supplement electrical power applied to the lead with power from a low-power module according to electrical load on a power bus.

2. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, further comprising a low-power module connectable to the bus lead, the controller being operably connected to the low-power module, the low-power module having lower power than the high-power module.

3. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 2, wherein the low-power module comprises a low-power battery source.

4. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 2, wherein the low-power module comprises a low-power DC/DC power converter.

5. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 2, wherein the extended mode is a high-power extended mode, wherein the controller further comprises (c) a low-power extended mode wherein the low-power module is connected to the bus lead.

6. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, further comprising an electromagnetic interference filter connected in series between the power modules and the bus lead.

7. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, further comprising an input lead connected to the controller for providing an input to the controller indicative of electrical load on a power bus of an aircraft power distribution system.

8. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, wherein the first high-power module is configured to provide about 10 kilowatts of more of electrical power to the power bus.

9. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, wherein the low-power module is configured to provide a relative long run time relative to the first high-power module.

10. The hybrid ESM as recited in claim 1, wherein the low-power module includes a battery source having a nickel metal hydride or a lithium ion cell.

11. A power distribution system, comprising:

a power bus;

a hybrid energy storage module (ESM), comprising;

a bus lead connected to the power bus;

two or more high-power modules connectable to the bus lead, wherein the two or more high-power modules have a capacity of about 10 kilowatts or more;

a low-power module connectable to the bus lead; and

a controller operably connected to the first high-power module, the second high-power module, and the low-power module,

wherein the controller selects (a) a pulse mode wherein the controller connects a first of the two or more high-power modules to the bus lead, (b) an extended mode wherein the controller connects two of the two or more high-power modules to the bus lead, and (c) a low-power extended mode wherein the controller connects the low power module to the bus lead according to electrical load on the power bus.

12. The power distribution system as recited in claim 11, wherein the first high-power module comprises a high-power DC/DC power converter, and wherein the low-power module comprises a low-power DC/DC power converter.

13. The power distribution system as recited in claim 12, further comprising an electromagnetic interference filter connected in series between the bus lead and the power bus.

14. The power distribution system as recited in claim 11, wherein the first high-power module comprises a non-battery power source, wherein the second high-power module comprises a high-power battery source, wherein the second high-power module comprises a high-power DC/DC power converter, and wherein the low-power module comprises a low-power battery source.

15. The power distribution system as recited in claim 11, further comprising a generator connected to the power bus.

16. The power distribution system as recited in claim 11, further comprising (a) a base load, (b) a high-energy pulse load, and (c) a high-energy extended load connected to the power bus.

17. The power distribution system as recited in claim 11, further comprising a sensor communicative with the controller and connected to the power bus for determining electrical load on the bus.

18. A method of providing power to an electrical system, comprising:

applying base load power to a power bus;

applying generator power to the power bus;

determining load characteristics of an electrical load connected to the power bus;

connecting a first high-power module to the power bus when the electrical load has pulse load characteristics; and

connecting a second high-power module to the power bus when the electrical load has extended load characteristics.