Renewable energy monitoring system

• US 10,215,783 B2
• Filed: 12/30/2015
• Issued: 02/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tesla Inc.
• Original Assignee: SolarCity Corporation (Tesla Inc.)
• Inventors: Mumtaz, Asim
• Primary Examiner(s): Fleming, Fritz M
• Application Number:
  US14/985,316
• Publication Number:
  US 20160248373A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,154 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/133 by using digital technique
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 2201/40 Remote control systems using repeaters, converters, gateways
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 2201/41 Remote control of gateways
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 40/32 comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 50/00 Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/155 Ground-based stations H04B7/204 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/43 using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth or ZigBee
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/84 Measuring functions
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/886 using energy harvesting, e.g. solar, wind or mechanical
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/00 Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/10 Photovoltaic [PV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/126 using wireless data transmission

Abstract

We describe a solar photovoltaic monitoring system for monitoring and controlling a solar photovoltaic inverter, comprising: a wireless transceiver coupled to a solar photovoltaic inverter, the inverter comprising a device monitor for monitoring and controlling the inverter, wherein the monitoring comprises generating monitoring data defining a status of the system and transmitting the data using the transceiver coupled to the inverter; a wireless repeater for receiving data from the inverter and retransmitting the data; a transceiver coupled to a gateway capable of communicating the retransmitted data received to a monitoring station, the gateway transmitting control data received from the monitoring station; wherein the repeater receives control data from the gateway and retransmits data to the inverter; and wherein the controlling in the inverter comprises receiving the retransmitted control data from the transceiver coupled to the inverter and controlling the inverter dependent on the data.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic (PV) monitoring system for use on a metal roof of a structure, the PV monitoring system comprising:

a plurality of solar PV inverters for converting DC power to AC power, each of the plurality of solar PV inverters including a device monitor for generating monitoring data corresponding to operation of that solar PV inverter and a wireless transceiver for (1) transmitting the monitoring data and (2) receiving control data for controlling operation of that solar PV inverter;

a gateway comprising a wireless transceiver for receiving the monitoring data and for transmitting the control data; and

a wireless repeater for wirelessly relaying the monitoring data from the plurality of solar PV inverters to the gateway and for wirelessly relaying the control data from the gateway to the plurality of solar PV inverters, the wireless repeater comprising;

a PV inverter antenna positioned on an outside surface of the metal roof to wirelessly exchange data with at least one of the plurality of solar PV inverters located on the outside surface of the metal roof, and a gateway antenna located on an underside of the metal roof to wirelessly exchange data with the transceiver of the gateway.

2. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wireless repeater has a plurality PV inverter antennas.

3. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the PV inverter antenna is located proximate the plurality of PV inverters to minimise power requirements for communication between the wireless repeater and the plurality of PV inverters.

4. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the gateway antenna is located proximate the gateway to minimise power requirements for communication between the wireless repeater and the gateway.

5. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wireless repeater includes a PV inverter transceiver for bi-directional communication through the PV inverter antenna, a gateway transceiver for bi-directional communication through the gateway antenna and a communication link between the PV inverter transceiver and the gateway transceiver.

6. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 5, wherein a wireless communication technology of the PV inverter transceiver is different from a wireless communication technology of the gateway transceiver.

7. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the wireless communication technology of the PV inverter transceiver is Zigbee and the wireless communication technology of the gateway transceiver is WIFI.

8. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wireless repeater includes a transceiver having an antenna interface that is coupled to the PV inverter antenna and the gateway antenna.

9. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 8, wherein a transmission line splitter couples the antenna interface of the transceiver to the PV inverter antenna and to the gateway antenna.

10. A solar photovoltaic (PV) monitoring system for a solar PV system installed on a building, the solar PV monitoring system comprising:

a plurality of solar PV inverters for converting DC power to AC power, each of the plurality of solar PV inverters including a wireless transceiver for transmitting monitoring data and for receiving control data;

a gateway comprising a wireless transceiver for receiving the monitoring data and for transmitting the control data; and

a wireless repeater including at least one transceiver connected to a PV inverter antenna and a gateway antenna, wherein the PV inverter antenna is positioned on a top surface of a roof of the building to wirelessly exchange data with at least one of the plurality of solar PV inverters located on the top surface of the roof of the building, and the gateway antenna is positioned below the roof of the building to wirelessly exchange data with the transceiver of the gateway.

11. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the wireless repeater includes a plurality PV inverter antennas.

12. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the PV inverter antenna is located proximate the plurality of PV inverters to minimise power requirements for communication between the wireless repeater and the plurality of PV inverters.

13. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the gateway antenna is located proximate the gateway to minimise power requirements for communication between the wireless repeater and the gateway.

14. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the wireless repeater includes a PV inverter transceiver for bi-directional communication through the PV inverter antenna, a gateway transceiver for bi-directional communication through the gateway antenna and a communication link between the PV inverter transceiver and the gateway transceiver.

15. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 14, wherein a wireless communication technology of the PV inverter transceiver is different from a wireless communication technology of the gateway transceiver.

16. The solar PV monitoring system of claim 15, wherein the wireless communication technology of the PV inverter transceiver is Zigbee and the wireless communication technology of the gateway transceiver is WIFI.

17. A method of monitoring a solar photovoltaic (PV) system mounted on or adjacent to a building, the method comprising:

generating monitoring data with a PV inverter that converts DC power received from a PV panel to AC power;

wirelessly transmitting the monitoring data from the PV inverter to a first antenna that is coupled to a wireless repeater, wherein the first antenna is positioned on an exterior surface of a roof of the building;

processing the monitoring data by the wireless repeater;

wirelessly transmitting the monitoring data from a second antenna coupled to the wireless repeater, wherein the second antenna is positioned under the roof in an interior roof region of the building; and

receiving the monitoring data transmitted by the second antenna with a gateway that is configured to transmit the monitoring data to a monitoring site.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first antenna is located proximate the PV inverter to minimize wireless communication power requirements for communication between the wireless repeater and the PV inverter.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein a wireless communication technology of the PV inverter is different from a wireless communication technology of the gateway.

20. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

wirelessly transmitting control data from the gateway to the second antenna;

processing the control data by the wireless repeater;

wirelessly transmitting the control data from the first antenna; and

receiving, by the PV inverter, the control data transmitted by the first antenna.

21. A renewable energy monitoring system for monitoring a renewable energy generation device mounted on or adjacent to a building, comprising:

a device monitor coupled to a renewable energy generation device to monitor said renewable energy generation device and generate monitoring data defining a status of said renewable energy generation device, said device monitor wirelessly communicating said monitoring data to a gateway using a wireless communications link, said gateway receiving said monitoring data from said device monitor and communicating said monitoring data to a monitoring station; and

a wireless repeater providing said communications link between said device monitor and said gateway, wherein said wireless repeater comprises;

a wireless transceiver module;

a plurality of spaced apart antennas coupled to said wireless transceiver module;

at least one antenna interface having one or more of said plurality of spaced apart antennas electrically coupled thereto;

wherein said wireless transceiver module is coupled to said at least one antenna interface, said wireless transceiver module comprising data receiving and transmission means to receive said monitoring data from at least one of said plurality of spaced apart antennas and to transmit said monitoring data using one or more other of said plurality of spaced apart antennas, and a processing element coupled to said data receiving and transmission means to process said monitoring data received and transmitted from said one or more of said plurality of antennas; and

wherein a first of said plurality of spaced apart antennas is located proximally to said device monitor and a second of said plurality of spaced apart antennas is located proximally to said gateway.

22. A method of monitoring a renewable energy generation device mounted on or adjacent to a building, the method comprising:

generating monitoring data at a renewable energy generation device, said monitoring data defining a status of said renewable energy generation device;

wirelessly communicating said monitoring data to a gateway using a wireless communications link, said gateway communicating said monitoring data to a monitoring station;

using a wireless repeater to provide said wireless communications link, the wireless repeater comprising;

a plurality of spaced apart antennas each having an associated region of transmission and reception, and at least one antenna interface having one or more of said plurality of spaced apart antennas electrically coupled thereto;

the method further comprising using a wireless transceiver module to receive monitoring data from at least one of said plurality of spaced apart antennas using data receiving means, processing said received monitoring data, and transmitting said processed and received monitoring data using said data transmission means to one or more other of said plurality of spaced apart antennas, wherein a first of said plurality of spaced apart antennas is located proximally to said device monitor and a second of said plurality of spaced apart antennas is located proximally to said gateway.