Device detection using harmonics

• US 10,218,413 B2
• Filed: 07/31/2017
• Issued: 02/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 08/02/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP B.V. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: NXP B.V. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Inventors: Moonen, Oswald, Brink, Klaas, Ozenne, Patrick Andre Yves
• Primary Examiner(s): Vuong, Quochien B
• Application Number:
  US15/665,199
• Publication Number:
  US 20180041253A1
• Time in Patent Office: 575 Days
• Field of Search: 455 411, 455 412, 455 413, 4555561, 455574, 455573
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 15/00 Tags attached to, or associated with, an object, in order to enable detection of the object record carriers for use with machines having a detectable tag or marker G06K19/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/10 using induction coils
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/73 for taking measurements, e.g. using sensing coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

Wireless power is provided to a WPP-compliant wireless device by generating a first radio frequency (RF) signal at a first frequency. The transmitter circuit is inductively coupled to the compliant wireless device using the first RF signal. A second RF signal is generated at a second frequency. The presence of a WPP-noncompliant wireless device is detected by detecting a third RF signal at a third frequency that is a harmonic of the second frequency. The non-compliant wireless device is protected by reducing, in response to detecting the third RF signal, a signal strength for the first RF signal.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a wireless-power-providing (WPP) circuit configured to provide wireless power to a WPP-compliant wireless device, the wireless-power-providing circuit including;

a transmitter circuit configured to;

generate, in a wireless-power-providing mode, a first radio frequency (RF) signal at a first frequency, the first RF signal inductively coupling the transmitter circuit to the compliant wireless device; and

generate a second RF signal at a second frequency;

a detection circuit configured to detect a presence of a WPP-noncompliant wireless device, the detection circuit including;

a receiver circuit configured to detect a third RF signal at a third frequency that is a harmonic of the second frequency; and

a control circuit configured to;

control, for the wireless-power-providing mode, the generation each of the first RF signal and the second RF signal by the transmitter circuit; and

reduce, in response to detecting the third RF signal, a signal strength for the first RF signal;

wherein the control circuit is further configured to cause the transmitter circuit to generate the second RF signal for a burst having a duration that is set based upon a setup time for generation of the third RF signal by the noncompliant wireless device and a hold time for the detection circuit to detect the third RF signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the wireless-power-providing circuit further includes a wireless-power-providing receiver circuit configured to receive communications from the compliant wireless device and at the first frequency.

3. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the transmitter circuit includes impedance matching circuitry configured to provide impedance matching to an antenna at each of the first and second frequencies by adjusting an impedance element value of the impedance matching circuitry.

4. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the control circuit is configured to periodically stop the transmitter circuit from generating the first RF signal while generating the second RF signal during the wireless-power-providing mode.

5. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the second frequency is about 13.56 MHz and the third frequency is about 40.68 MHz.

6. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the control circuit is configured to reduce the signal strength for the first RF signal by disabling the transmitter circuit in response to detecting the noncompliant device.

7. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the WPP circuit is configured to detect the WPP-compliant wireless device by detecting a change in impedance at the transmitter circuit.

8. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the control circuit is configured to use one or more control signals to control the generation each of the first RF signal and the second RF signal by the transmitter circuit.

9. A method comprising:

providing wireless power to a wireless-power-providing (WPP)-compliant wireless device by, in a WPP mode;

generating, using a transmitter circuit, a first radio frequency (RF) signal at a first frequency; and

inductively coupling the transmitter circuit to the compliant wireless device using the first RF signal;

generating, using the transmitter circuit, a second RF signal at a second frequency;

detecting, using a detection circuit, a presence of a WPP-noncompliant wireless device by detecting a third RF signal at a third frequency that is a harmonic of the second frequency; and

protecting, using a control circuit, the noncompliant wireless device by reducing, in response to detecting the third RF signal, a signal strength for the first RF signal;

further comprising periodically polling for the presence of the non-compliant wireless device in response to providing wireless power to the compliant wireless device;

wherein the generating the second RF signal includes generating RF bursts having a duration that is set based upon a setup time for generation of the third RF signal by the non-compliant wireless device and a hold time for detecting the third RF signal.

10. The method of claim 9,

wherein the noncompliant wireless device includes a nonlinear component that produces the third RF signal by backscattering of the second RF signal.

11. The method of claim 9,

wherein the non-compliant wireless device is a near-field-communication (NFC) device and the transmitter circuit is an Alliance for Wireless Power compliant device.

12. The method of claim 9,

further comprising detecting an absence of the non-compliant wireless device by detecting an absence of the third RF signal.

13. The method of claim 12,

further comprising increasing, in response to detecting the absence of the third RF signal, the signal strength for the first RF signal.

14. The method of claim 9,

further comprising detecting the WPP-compliant wireless device by detecting a change in impedance at the transmitter circuit.

15. The method of claim 9,

further comprising using one or more control signals to control the generation each of the first RF signal and the second RF signal by the transmitter circuit.

16. An apparatus comprising:

a wireless-power-providing (WPP) circuit configured to provide wireless power to a WPP-compliant wireless device, the wireless-power-providing circuit including;

a transmitter circuit configured to;

generate, in a wireless-power-providing mode, a first radio frequency (RF) signal at a first frequency, the first RF signal inductively coupling the transmitter circuit to the compliant wireless device; and

generate a second RF signal at a second frequency;

a detection circuit configured to detect a presence of a WPP-noncompliant wireless device, the detection circuit including;

a receiver circuit configured to detect a third RF signal at a third frequency that is a harmonic of the second frequency; and

a control circuit configured to;

control, for the wireless-power-providing mode, the generation each of the first RF signal and the second RF signal by the transmitter circuit and

reduce, in response to detecting the third RF signal, a signal strength for the first RF signal;

wherein the detection circuit is further configured to detect an absence of the non-compliant wireless device by detecting an absence of the third RF signal; and

wherein the control circuit is further configured to increase, in response to detecting the absence of the third RF signal, the signal strength for the first RF signal.