Food processing method and system

• US 10,235,749 B2
• Filed: 12/27/2014
• Issued: 03/19/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Colgate-Palmolive Company
• Original Assignee: Colgate-Palmolive Company
• Inventors: Magana, Moses Alexander
• Primary Examiner(s): Valvis, Alexander
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ferrero, Eduardo R
• Application Number:
  US15/540,050
• Publication Number:
  US 20170352150A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,543 Days
• Field of Search: 53167, 53 52, 53 53, 53 54, 378 51- 86
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 3/001 Details of apparatus, e.g. for transport, for loading or unloading manipulation, pressure feed valves
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 3/003 Control or safety devices for sterilisation or pasteurisation systems
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2002/00 Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
• CPC Class Codes: B07C 5/3404 according to properties of containers or receptacles, e.g. rigidity, leaks, fill-level control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging B65B19/28; investigation of fluid-tightness of structures G01M3/00
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 25/22 Packaging articles of food, e.g. fish fillets, intended to be cooked in the package
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 3/04 Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 57/145 for fluent material
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 7/00 Closing containers or receptacles after filling
• CPC Class Codes: B67C 3/007 Applications of control, warning or safety devices in filling machinery flow-control B67C3/28
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/90 in a container or its contents G01N21/91 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/24 Classification techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10116 X-ray image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30128 Food products
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0004 Industrial image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0008 checking presence/absence
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/13 Edge detection

Abstract

A method and system for forming a packaged product (100) and ensuring that the packaged product (100) is adequately filled. In one aspect, the method includes forming a product (101); introducing the product (101) into a package (103), thereby forming a packaged product (100); obtaining an x-ray image (201) of the packaged product (100); analyzing the x-ray image (201) utilizing a processor (118) to identify whether bounded contours (200) exist in the x-ray image (201) for each of the bounded contours (200), the processor (118) determining whether the bounded contour (200) is a threshold defect based at least in part on bounded area (208) of the bounded contour (200) for each of the threshold defects, the processor (118) classifying the threshold defect as one of a plurality of pre-determined defect types; and determining a source of at least one of the threshold defects in the packaged product (100) based at least in part on the classification of the at least one of the threshold defects.

Claims

1. A method for forming a packaged product and ensuring that the packaged product is adequately filled, the method comprising:

a) forming a product, wherein forming the product comprises;

a-1) supplying a plurality of ingredients to a mixer; and

a-2) mixing the plurality of ingredients to form the product, the product having a viscosity;

b) introducing the product into a package, thereby forming the packaged product;

c) obtaining an x-ray image of the packaged product utilizing an x-ray apparatus;

d) analyzing the x-ray image utilizing a processor to identify whether bounded contours exist in the x-ray image;

e) for each of the bounded contours identified in step d), the processor determining whether the bounded contour is a threshold defect based at least in part on a bounded area of the bounded contour;

f) for each of the threshold defects identified in step e), the processor classifying the threshold defect as one of a plurality of pre-determined defect types; and

g) determining a source of at least one of the threshold defects in the packaged product based at least in part on the classification of the at least one of the threshold defects; and

h) adjusting the supply of one or more of the plurality of ingredients to adjust the viscosity of the product being formed in the mixer to minimize and/or eliminate the formation of threshold defects in a subsequent packaged product,

wherein the plurality of pre-determined defect types includes a spin hole, an air cell and a side void.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein in step f) the processor classifies the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types based at least in part on a location of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image, and the identification of the threshold defect in step e) is based on an empirical value of the bounded area or a ratio of the bounded area to a total area of a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.

3. The method of claim 1,

wherein step g) comprises determining that the viscosity of the product is the source of the least one of the threshold defects in the packaged product based on the at least one of the threshold defects being classified as an air cell or a side void that is formed during a retort process;

and

wherein step g) is performed by the processor, and

wherein step h) is performed automatically by the processor sending instructions to a product formation subsystem that includes the mixer and an ingredient supply apparatus.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein:

step b) comprises dispensing the product into the package at a flow rate;

step g) comprises determining that the flow rate of the product in step b) is the source of the least one of the threshold detects in the packaged product based on the at least one of the threshold defects being classified as a spin hole; and

the method further comprises

i) adjusting the flow rate of the product being dispensed in step b).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein step f) comprises:

f-1) the processor classifying the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types; and

f-2) the processor generating an output for the packaged product comprising data including the classified defect type of each threshold defect classified in step f-1) for the packaged product and a severity score for each threshold defect classified in step f-1), the severity score based at least in part on the bounded area of the contour.

6. The method according to claim 5 further comprising:

rejecting the packaged product based on at least one of (i) the severity score of at least one of the threshold defects and (ii) the classified defect type of the at least one threshold defect.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bounded contours of the x-ray image are formed partially by the product and partially by the package.

8. A system for forming packaged products, the system comprising:

a product formation subsystem configured to form a gel or paste product;

a filling subsystem configured to dispense the product into packages to form packaged products;

an x-ray apparatus configured to generate an x-ray image of each of the packaged products;

a memory device configured to store a plurality of pre-determined defect types; and

a processor operably coupled to the x-ray apparatus and the memory device, the processor configured to;

(1) analyze the x-ray images to determine whether bounded contours exist in the x-ray images;

(2) for each of the bounded contours, determine whether the bounded contour is a threshold defect based at least in part on the bounded area of the bounded contour; and

(3) for each of the threshold defects, classify the threshold defect as one of a plurality of pre-determined detect types,

wherein the plurality of pre-determined defect types includes a spin hole, an air cell, and a side void; and

wherein the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types is based on a shape of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.

9. The system according to claim 8 further comprising:

a package enclosing subsystem configured to enclose the packages having the product therein;

a retort subsystem configured to cook the packaged product; and

, a conveyor system for transporting the packaged product from the filling subsystem to the package enclosing subsystem, from the package enclosing subsystem to the retort subsystem, and from the retort subsystem to the x-ray apparatus.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein:

the processor is further configured to determine a source of at least one of the threshold defects in the packaged product based at least in part on the classification of the at least one of the threshold defects, and wherein the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types is based on a location of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.

11. A method for ensuring a packaged product is adequately filled, the method comprising:

a) generating an x-ray image of the packaged product;

b) detecting at least one bounded contour in the image;

c) for each bounded contour detected in step b), (i) determining a bounded area and (ii) identifying whether the bounded contour is a threshold defect based at least in part on the bounded area;

d) for each of the threshold defects identified in step c), (i) calculating a severity score based on the bounded area and (ii) classifying the threshold defect as one of a plurality of pre-determined defect types, wherein the plurality of pre-determined defect types includes a spin hole, an air cell, and a side void, and wherein the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types is based on a shape of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image; and

e) rejecting the packaged product based on the severity score and the classified defect type.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein:

the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types in step d) is based at least in part on a location or a shape of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image, and the identification of the threshold defect in step c) is based on an empirical value of the bounded area or a ratio of the bounded area to a total area of a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.

13. The method according to claim 11, further comprising:

f) repeating steps a) to d) for a plurality of packaged products;

g) discontinuing the repeating of steps a) to d), the discontinuation based on the calculated severity scores and the classified threshold defects,

wherein the rejection of the packaged product in step e) is further based on a sum total of the at least one bounded area determined in step c).

14. A system for ensuring packaged products are adequately filled, the system comprising:

an x-ray apparatus configured to generate an x-ray image of a packaged product in a processing system;

a memory device configured to store a plurality of pre-determined defect types, wherein the plurality of pre-determined defect types includes a spin hole, an air cell, and a side void;

a rejection mechanism configured to remove the packaged product from the processing system; and

a processor operably coupled to the x-ray apparatus, the memory device, and the rejection mechanism, the processor configured to;

detect at least one bounded contour in the image;

for each of the bounded contours, (i) determine a bounded area and (ii) identify whether the bounded contour is a threshold defect based at least in part on the bounded area;

for each of the identified threshold defects, (i) calculate a severity score based on the bounded area and (ii) classify the threshold defect as one of a plurality of pre-determined defect types, wherein the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types is based on a shape of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image; and

send an instruction to the rejection mechanism to remove the packaged product from the processing system, the sending of the instruction based on the severity score and the classified defect type.

15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to determine a source of at least one of the threshold defects in the packaged product based at least in part on the classification of the at least one of the threshold defects.

16. The system according to claim 14, wherein the classification of the threshold defect as one of the plurality of pre-determined defect types is based at least in part on a location of the threshold defect in a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.

17. The system according to claim 14, wherein the identification of the threshold defect is based on an empirical value of the bounded area or a ratio of the bounded area to a total area of a packaged product portion of the x-ray image.