High energy density redox flow device
First Claim
1. An electrochemical cell comprising:
- an anode;
a semi-solid cathode including an electrode composition comprising a suspension of ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing ions; and
an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the semi-solid cathode;
wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution in which the finest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume, is at least a factor of 5 smaller than the largest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume.
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Abstract
Redox flow devices are described including a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector, and an ion-permeable membrane separating said positive and negative current collectors, positioned and arranged to define a positive electroactive zone and a negative electroactive zone; wherein at least one of said positive and negative electroactive zone comprises a flowable semi-solid composition comprising ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing said ions during operation of the cell, and wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution in which the finest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume, is at least a factor of 5 smaller than the largest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume.
194 Citations
31 Claims
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1. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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an anode; a semi-solid cathode including an electrode composition comprising a suspension of ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing ions; and an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the semi-solid cathode; wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution in which the finest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume, is at least a factor of 5 smaller than the largest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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an anode; a semi-solid cathode including an electrode composition comprising a suspension of ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing ions; and an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the semi-solid cathode; wherein the volume percentage of the ion storage compound particles is between 5% and 70%, and wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution and the particle packing fraction is at least 50 vol %. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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an anode; a cathode; and an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode includes a semi-solid electrode composition comprising a suspension of ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing ions, and wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution and the particle packing fraction is at least 50 vol %. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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an anode; a cathode; and an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode includes a slurry electrode composition comprising a suspension of ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing ions, and wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution and the particle packing fraction is at least 50 vol %. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification