System and method for a biosensor integrated in a vehicle

• US 10,238,346 B2
• Filed: 11/13/2017
• Issued: 03/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Trilinear Bioventures LLC
• Original Assignee: Sanmina-SCI Corporation
• Inventors: Newberry, Robert Steven
• Primary Examiner(s): Winakur, Eric
• Assistant Examiner(s): Fardanesh, Marjan
• Application Number:
  US15/811,479
• Publication Number:
  US 20180116604A1
• Time in Patent Office: 498 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0223 of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0022 Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4845 Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products A61B5/4848 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/681 Wristwatch-type devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6817 Ear canal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6826 Finger
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6893 Cars
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7225 Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation A61B5/30, A61B5/316 take precedence; transformers for specific applications H01F38/00; amplifiers H03F
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7275 Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/743 Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/30 for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment

Abstract

A vehicle includes one or more integrated biosensors, such as finger sensors or other user touchpoints. The integrated biosensors are configured to obtain biosensor data, such as a patient'"'"'s vitals or concentrations of substances in the blood flow of a user. A control module of a vehicle receives the biosensor data and controls operation of one or more systems of the vehicle in response to the biosensor data. The control module may also present the biosensor data on a display of the vehicle and receive user commands to control the biosensors. The control module may also generate warnings for display in response to the biosensor data exceeding one or more predetermined thresholds.

Claims

1. A biosensor configured for integration in a vehicle, comprising:

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of an occupant of the vehicle;

a photoplethysmography (PPG) circuit configured to emit light at a plurality of wavelengths directed at skin tissue of the occupant of the vehicle and obtain a plurality of spectral responses around the plurality of wavelengths of light, wherein a first wavelength has a high absorption coefficient for an indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow and wherein a second wavelength has a low absorption coefficient for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow; and

a processing circuit configured to;

obtain a measurement value for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow using the first spectral response and the second spectral response;

determine a blood alcohol level in blood flow using the measurement value for the indicator of blood alcohol;

an oxygen saturation level and a heart rate using one or more of the plurality of spectral responses; and

generate a health message for transmission to a vehicle control system including the blood alcohol level, oxygen saturation level, heart rate and temperature.

2. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the indicator of blood alcohol includes an ADH related enzyme.

3. The biosensor of claim 2, wherein the indicator includes a P450 enzyme;

and

wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine the blood alcohol level using the concentration level of the indicator and a calibration table.

4. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the indicator further includes one or more of:

an ADH related enzyme or ethanol.

5. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

compare the blood alcohol level to a predetermined threshold;

determine the blood alcohol level exceeds the predetermined threshold; and

generate an alert of the blood alcohol level to the vehicle control system.

6. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a level of vasodilation by:

determining a change in intensity from one or more spectral responses of the plurality of spectral responses due to blood flow; and

mapping the change in intensity to the level of vasodilation.

7. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a concentration level of at least one additional substance in blood flow using the plurality of spectral responses.

8. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a concentration level of nitric oxide (NO) in blood flow using the plurality of spectral responses.

9. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a concentration level of glucose in blood flow using the plurality of spectral responses.

10. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a presence of an antigen to identify a blood group of A, B, O or AB using the plurality of spectral responses.

11. The biosensor of claim 10, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a presence of another antigen within a blood group to identify an RH factor using the plurality of spectral responses.

12. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a risk of an infection using the plurality of spectral responses.

13. A biosensor integrated in a vehicle, comprising:

a photoplethysmography (PPG) circuit in the integrated biosensor configured to emit light at a plurality of wavelengths directed at skin tissue and obtain a plurality of spectral responses around the plurality of wavelengths of light, wherein a first wavelength of light has a high absorption coefficient for an indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow and wherein a second wavelength of light has a low absorption coefficient for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow; and

a processing circuit configured to;

obtain biosensor data using the plurality of spectral responses, wherein the biosensor data includes an oxygen saturation level, a heart rate and a concentration level of blood alcohol in blood flow;

determine a concentration level of the indicator in blood flow, wherein the indicator includes one or more of;

a P450 liver enzyme or an NADH enzyme;

determine the blood alcohol level in blood flow using the concentration level of the indicator and a calibration table; and

generate an occupant health message including the biosensor data of the occupant for display on a vehicle display.

14. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the indicator further includes ethanol.

15. The biosensor of claim 14, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

compare the blood alcohol level to a predetermined threshold;

determine the blood alcohol level exceeds the predetermined threshold; and

generate another occupant health message for transmission to a vehicle control system including a notification that the blood alcohol level exceeds the predetermined threshold.

16. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a concentration level of nitric oxide (NO) in blood flow.

17. The biosensor of claim 16, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to

compare the concentration level of NO to one or more predetermined thresholds;

and

generate an indication of a risk of infection in response to the comparison.

18. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a concentration level of glucose in blood flow.

19. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the processing circuit is configured to obtain the concentration level of the blood alcohol in blood flow using the plurality of spectral responses by:

obtaining a value L<sub>λ

1</sub> using a first spectral response of the first wavelength of light having a high absorption coefficient for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow, wherein the value L<sub>λ

1</sub> isolates the first spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtain a value L<sub>λ

2</sub> using a second spectral response of the second wavelength of light having a low absorption coefficient for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow, wherein the value L<sub>λ

2</sub> isolates the second spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtain a value R <sub>λ

1, λ

2</sub> from a ratio of the value L<sub>λ

1</sub> and the value L<sub>λ

2</sub> ; and

obtain the concentration level of the blood alcohol using the value R <sub>λ

1, λ

2</sub> and a calibration table.

20. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a level of vasodilation by:

determining a change in intensity from one or more spectral responses of the plurality of spectral responses due to blood flow; and

mapping the change in intensity to the level of vasodilation.

21. The biosensor of claim 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a presence of an antigen to identify a blood group of A, B, O or AB using the plurality of spectral responses.

22. The biosensor of claim 21, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine a presence of another antigen within a blood group to identify an RH factor using the plurality of spectral responses.

23. A biosensor, comprising:

a photoplethysmography (PPG) circuit configured for integration in a vehicle and configured to obtain a first spectral response around a first wavelength of light having a high absorption coefficient for an indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow and a second spectral response around a second wavelength of light having a low absorption coefficient for the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow; and

a processing circuit configured to;

obtain a concentration level of the indicator of blood alcohol in blood flow using the first and second spectral responses;

obtain a blood alcohol level in blood flow using the concentration level of the indicator in blood flow, wherein the indicator of blood alcohol includes an ADH related enzyme; and

transmit a health message including the blood alcohol level of the user to a vehicle control system.

24. The biosensor of claim 23, wherein the indicator of blood alcohol further includes ethanol.

25. The biosensor of claim 24, wherein the indicator includes at least a P450 enzyme;

and

wherein the processing circuit is further configured to determine the blood alcohol level using the indicator of the P450 enzyme and a calibration table.

26. The biosensor of claim 25, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

compare the blood alcohol level to a predetermined threshold;

determine the blood alcohol level exceeds the predetermined threshold; and

wherein the health message includes a notification that the blood alcohol level exceeds the predetermined threshold.

27. A biosensor configured for integration in a vehicle, comprising:

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of an occupant;

a photoplethysmography (PPG) circuit configured to emit light at a plurality of wavelengths directed at skin tissue of the occupant and obtain a plurality of spectral responses around the plurality of wavelengths of light; and

a processing circuit configured to;

process the plurality of spectral responses to obtain a plurality of health measurements, wherein the plurality of health measurements include a heart rate, an oxygen saturation level, a vasodilation level, and a concentration level of blood alcohol in blood flow;

compare one or more of the plurality of measurements to one or more predetermined thresholds;

determine the one or more of the plurality of measurements exceeds at least one of the predetermined thresholds; and

generate an occupant health message to a vehicle control system.

28. The biosensor of claim 27, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

transmit another occupant health message to a third party service provider over a wide area wireless network, wherein the third party service provider includes at least one of;

an emergency service provider or a health care provider.