Circuit protection system and method

• US 10,250,027 B2
• Filed: 10/13/2016
• Issued: 04/02/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/16/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Frederick M. Foster
• Original Assignee: Frederick M. Foster
• Inventors: Foster, Frederick M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Danny
• Application Number:
  US15/292,799
• Publication Number:
  US 20170110871A1
• Time in Patent Office: 901 Days
• Field of Search: 361117-119
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/00 Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems H02H7/00; systems for change-over to standby supply H02J9/00 ; integrated protection for motors H02H7/0822
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/006 Calibration or setting of parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/046 Signalling the blowing of a fuse detecting non functioning of a lamp H05B47/20
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/08 responsive to excess current responsive to abnormal temperature caused by excess current H02H5/04
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/20 responsive to excess voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 5/041 additionally responsive to excess current H02H5/048 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 5/042 using temperature dependent resistors
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/26 Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured locating faults in cables G01R31/08
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 9/041 using a short-circuiting device

Abstract

A DC and/or an AC power transmission circuit protection system is for protection of a cabling medium. The circuit protection system includes a power supply, a powered device and a circuit protection module that includes an over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or a heat circuit protector. The protection system is disposed between the power supply and the powered device, and interrupts an electrical current that flows through the cabling medium when the over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or the circuit protector exceeds a predetermined level. There is also provided a method to dispose the circuit protection system and the circuit protection module within the circuit and to interrupt the circuit when over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or heat circuit protector exceeds a predetermined level.

Claims

1. A Power over Ethernet (PoE) cable medium circuit protection module comprising:

an over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or a heat circuit protector which measures or detects heat rise of said PoE cable medium,

wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises (1) a plurality of clamping diodes, fuses, and/or light-emitting diodes, and (2) a plurality of jumpers and/or a plurality of DIP switches and/or a combination of jumpers and DIP switches to set a predetermined power level for said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module, thereby prohibiting transmission of electrical power over said PoE cable medium which exceeds said predetermined power level and/or preventing excessive heat build-up on said PoE cable medium.

2. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a circuit board.

3. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 2, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a wall plate assembly that comprises jack interface.

4. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a fusible link.

5. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 4, wherein said fusible link is a re-settable fuse.

6. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said heat circuit protector is a thermistor.

7. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, further comprising:

a communication jack, a transformer and a protection outlet port, wherein said communication jack is followed by said transformer, and said overcurrent and/or over-voltage circuit module and said heat circuit protector are disposed between said transformer and said protection outlet port.

8. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said heat circuit protector detects a temperature change over time for a cable conductor.

9. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 8, wherein the temperature change comprises a change induced by ambient temperature.

10. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises at least a relay and an other fuse, the relay being a primary mechanism of protection and the other fuse being a secondary mechanism of protection.

11. The cable medium circuit protection module according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of jumpers and/or a plurality of DIP switches and/or a combination thereof set the power threshold level of the cable medium circuit protection module and wherein said cable medium circuit protection module further comprises a diode device that prevents a power supply from powering up a powered device until said powered device is identified and responds to a request from said power supply to deliver electrical power.

12. A communication circuit protection system for protection of a PoE cable medium, said circuit protection system comprising:

a power supply,

a powered device,

a circuit protection module comprising an over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or a heat circuit protector which measures and/or detects heat rise of said PoE cable medium, said circuit protection module further comprising a diode device that prevents a power supply from powering up a powered device until said powered device responds to a request from said power supply to identify itself, and

wherein said circuit protection system is disposed between said power supply and said powered device, such that when said power supply transmits a request to said powered device, said diode device will detect a response from said powered device identifying itself and activate said circuit protection module, thereby enabling said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module to interrupt the flow of said electrical power through said PoE cable medium when it detects (1) that said electrical power exceeds a predetermined power level of said circuit protection module set for said PoE cable medium and/or (2) excess heat build-up on said PoE cable medium, thereby prohibiting transmission of said electrical power over said PoE cable medium,

wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises a plurality of clamping diodes, fuses, and/or light-emitting diodes to set said predetermined power level for said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module.

13. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a circuit board.

14. The circuit protection system according to claim 13, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a wall plate assembly that comprises a jack interface.

15. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module is a fusible link.

16. The circuit protection system according to claim 15, wherein said fusible link is a re-settable fuse.

17. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said heat circuit protector is a thermistor.

18. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, said circuit protection module further comprising, a communication jack, a transformer and a protection outlet port, wherein communication jack is followed by said transformer, and said overcurrent and/or over-voltage circuit module and said heat circuit protector are disposed between said transformer and said protection outlet port.

19. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said circuit protection module is integrated with a communication jack.

20. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said circuit protection module is a secondary component of a communication jack.

21. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said circuit protection system is color-coded based on power level limits of said PoE cable medium.

22. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said circuit protection system is disposed at a centralized hub location.

23. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said circuit protection module is a transition adapter between a communication jack and said powered device.

24. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, further comprising an over-current and/or over-voltage limiting control point.

25. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, further comprising an insulation displacement connector.

26. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, further comprising a status indicator indicating status of available current.

27. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said heat circuit protector measures and/or detects a temperature change over time for a cable conductor.

28. The circuit protection system according to claim 27, wherein the temperature change comprises a change induced by ambient temperature.

29. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises at least a relay and a fuse, the relay being a primary mechanism of protection and the fuse being a secondary mechanism of protection.

30. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module further comprises a plurality of jumpers and/or a plurality of DIP switches and/or a combination thereof, wherein the plurality of jumpers and the plurality of DIP switches and/or combination thereof are used to set said predetermined power level of said circuit protection module.

34. The circuit protection system according to claim 12, wherein said diode device is a Zener diode.

31. A method of protection of a PoE cable medium of a communication circuit protection system, comprising:

disposing, between a power supply and a powered device, a circuit protection module that comprises an over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module and/or a heat circuit protector for protection of said PoE cable medium within said circuit, said circuit protection module further comprising a diode device,

sending a request from said power supply to said powered device via said circuit protection module,

sending an identification response from said powered device to said power supply via said circuit protection module,

detecting by said diode device that said powered device has sent said response to said power supply,

enabling said power supply to deliver electrical power to said circuit protection module and said powered device over said PoE cable medium, and

interrupting the delivery of said electrical power over said PoE cable medium to said powered device if (1) said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module determines that said electrical power from said power supply exceeds a predetermined power level and/or (2) said heat circuit protector detects excessive heat build-up in said PoE cable medium,

wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises a plurality of clamping diodes, fuses, and light-emitting diodes to set a predetermined power level for said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module comprises a plurality of clamping diodes, fuses, and/or light-emitting diodes to set said predetermined power level for said over-current and/or over-voltage circuit module.

33. The method according to claim 31, wherein the PoE cable medium is in said circuit protection system selected from the group consisting of:

a DC power transmission circuit, an AC power transmission circuit, and a combination thereof.

35. The method acccording to claim 31, wherein said diode device is a Zener diode.